Er is een grote doorbraak in de ontwikkeling van geneesmiddelen voor hersentumoren bij kinderen. Hersentumoren bij kinderen zijn een meer voorkomende kwaadaardige ziekte bij kinderen. Recent onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat een nieuw cocktailmedicijn gewone hersentumoren bij kinderen kan behandelen.
Cancer Cell” magazine recently announced that in the UK, about 400 children develop brain tumoren each year, of which the prevalence of boys is slightly higher than that of girls.
Are we able to take advantage of the results of tumor gene testing and tailor-made treatments, a strategy often referred to as personalized medicine? This treatment strategy can produce very good results for patients with brain tumors.
Neural myeloblastoma (medulloblastoma) is one of the most common kwaadaardige tumoren of the cerebellum. This hersentumor grows rapidly and most often occurs in children around the age of 5. Behandeling opties include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Although great progress has been made in treatment methods and techniques, the success rate of treating myeloblastoma still lags far behind other children’s malignancies. In particular, myeloblastoma is a highly aggressive malignancy. Only 40% of patients with medulloblastoom survive, compared with other tumors of a less severe type-with a survival rate of more than 80%.
Researchers in the United States have discovered a new combination therapy for the treatment of highly aggressive neuroblastoma. In laboratory tests, the drug killed kanker cells without any toxicity to normal cells, and researchers hope to conduct clinical trials of the drug. Robert Wechsler-Reya, an adjunct professor at the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Institute, said: “Our goal is to confirm that the drug has low toxicity properties. Because doctors and patients in this case urgently require new clinical treatment options, we will soon apply the drug from the laboratory to clinical treatment.
Door combinatie met andere geneesmiddelen worden nieuwe stoffen die tumoren remmen in vitro en in vivo gescreend.
Klinische proeven for neuroblastoma are often very challenging because of the limited number of patients. In addition, coupled with the variability of the disease, most treatments are only effective for one subtype of patient. Understanding which patients will respond to this treatment is one of the main goals of the trial.
"Als we op maat gemaakte behandelingen kunnen ontwikkelen op basis van tumorgenen - een strategie die gewoonlijk wordt aangeduid als geïndividualiseerde behandeling - zou dit een enorm evangelie kunnen brengen aan patiënten met bepaalde tumoren."
Er zijn vier verschillende soorten neuroblastoom en patiënten met een derde groep tumoren hebben de slechtste prognose: slechts 40% van de patiënten overleeft het op de lange termijn. Daarentegen is de overleving op lange termijn van andere neuroblastomen relatief optimistisch en kan ongeveer 80% van de patiënten op lange termijn overleven.
De meeste van de derde groep patiënten met neuroblastoom hebben een hoge expressie van het MYC-oncogen, dat de oorzaak is van oncontroleerbare celdeling en de vorming van tumoren.
There was a study on mice with a third type of neural tube celtumoren that showed histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) might stop mice and people from making neurotubular glioblastomas without doing too much damage to normal cells.
We found several histone deacetylase inhibitors that can kill MYC oncogene-activated neural tube cell tumors without harming normal cell agents (HDACIs),” said Pei Yanxin, an assistant professor at the National Children’s Medisch Centrum in Washington, DC
The most effective of these compounds is panobinostat, which has entered clinical trials in other soorten kanker, but has not yet been tested on neuroblastoma.” Dr. Kun-Wei, a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University, added: “Several other studies have revealed that the mechanism of action of panobinostat is to promote the activation of the FOXO1 gene that can interfere with the oncogenes of MYC.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) are also thought to have the effect of activating the FOXO1 gene. We hypothesized that panobinostat and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) could work together to block Cancer Cell overleving.
“It is true that the combined treatment of these two drugs can significantly increase the survival of patients with tumors carrying the MYC gene compared to using a single drug alone.”
