Ve vývoji léků na mozkový nádor u dětí došlo k velkému průlomu. Dětské mozkové nádory jsou častějším maligním onemocněním u dětí. Nedávný výzkum zjistil, že nový koktejlový lék může léčit běžné dětské mozkové nádory.
Cancer Cell” magazine recently announced that in the UK, about 400 children develop brain nádory each year, of which the prevalence of boys is slightly higher than that of girls.
Are we able to take advantage of the results of tumor gene testing and tailor-made treatments, a strategy often referred to as personalized medicine? This treatment strategy can produce very good results for patients with brain tumors.
Neural myeloblastoma (medulloblastoma) is one of the most common maligní nádory of the cerebellum. This mozkový nádor grows rapidly and most often occurs in children around the age of 5. Možnosti léčby include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Although great progress has been made in treatment methods and techniques, the success rate of treating myeloblastoma still lags far behind other children’s malignancies. In particular, myeloblastoma is a highly aggressive malignancy. Only 40% of patients with meduloblastom survive, compared with other tumors of a less severe type-with a survival rate of more than 80%.
Researchers in the United States have discovered a new combination therapy for the treatment of highly aggressive neuroblastom. In laboratory tests, the drug killed rakovina cells without any toxicity to normal cells, and researchers hope to conduct clinical trials of the drug. Robert Wechsler-Reya, an adjunct professor at the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Institute, said: “Our goal is to confirm that the drug has low toxicity properties. Because doctors and patients in this case urgently require new clinical treatment options, we will soon apply the drug from the laboratory to clinical treatment.
V kombinaci s jinými léky se testují nové sloučeniny, které inhibují nádory in vitro a in vivo.
Klinické studie for neuroblastoma are often very challenging because of the limited number of patients. In addition, coupled with the variability of the disease, most treatments are only effective for one subtype of patient. Understanding which patients will respond to this treatment is one of the main goals of the trial.
"Pokud můžeme vyvinout léčbu šitou na míru na základě nádorových genů - strategie běžně označovaná jako individualizovaná léčba - mohlo by to přinést obrovské evangelium pacientům s určitými nádory."
Existují čtyři odlišné typy neuroblastomu a pacienti s třetí skupinou nádorů mají nejhorší prognózu - pouze 40% pacientů přežívá dlouhodobě. Naproti tomu dlouhodobé přežití jiných neuroblastomů je relativně optimistické a asi 80% pacientů může přežít dlouhodobě.
Většina třetí skupiny pacientů s neuroblastomem má vysokou expresi onkogenu MYC, který je příčinou nekontrolovatelného dělení buněk a tvorby nádorů.
There was a study on mice with a third type of neural tube buněčné nádory that showed histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) might stop mice and people from making neurotubular glioblastomas without doing too much damage to normal cells.
We found several histone deacetylase inhibitors that can kill MYC oncogene-activated neural tube cell tumors without harming normal cell agents (HDACIs),” said Pei Yanxin, an assistant professor at the National Children’s Medical Center ve Washingtonu, DC
The most effective of these compounds is panobinostat, which has entered clinical trials in other typy rakoviny, but has not yet been tested on neuroblastoma.” Dr. Kun-Wei, a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University, added: “Several other studies have revealed that the mechanism of action of panobinostat is to promote the activation of the FOXO1 gene that can interfere with the oncogenes of MYC.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) are also thought to have the effect of activating the FOXO1 gene. We hypothesized that panobinostat and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) could work together to block Cancer Cell přežití.
“It is true that the combined treatment of these two drugs can significantly increase the survival of patients with tumors carrying the MYC gene compared to using a single drug alone.”
