Un médicament utilisé contre l'alcoolisme peut traiter le cancer en ciblant les macrophages
Un groupe de recherche dirigé par Yuya Terashima de l'Université de Tokyo a découvert qu'un médicament utilisé contre l'alcoolisme pouvait traiter cancer en ciblant les macrophages.
Selon les données de l'OMS et du Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (CIRC), il y a eu 18.1 millions de nouveaux cas et 9.6 millions de décès en 2018. Un homme sur cinq et une femme sur six dans le monde développent un cancer au cours de leur vie, et un homme et une femme sur huit dans le monde. une femme sur 5 meurt de la maladie. Dans le monde, le nombre total de personnes en vie dans les cinq ans suivant un diagnostic de cancer, appelé prévalence sur cinq ans, est estimé à 6 millions.
Cancer du poumon est le type de cancer le plus répandu chez les hommes (14.5 %) et la principale cause de décès chez les hommes (22 %). Ceci est suivi par cancer de la prostate (13.5%), cancer colorectal (10.9%), & cancer du foie (9.5%). Chez les femmes, cancer du sein est d'environ 25 %, suivi du cancer du poumon (13.8 %), du cancer colorectal (9.5 %) et du cancer du col de l'utérus (6.6 %).
Construire un treatment to battle malignant growth remains one of the most troublesome difficulties in medicinal research. Malignant growth owes its infamous personality to the way that the disease cells utilize the host’s own resistant framework to develop and spread, finally getting savage. Invulnerable cells like macrophages, which usually battle to ensure ordinary cells, are commandeered by dangerous disease cells, and populate the earth around the tumors, turning out to be tumor-related macrophages (TAMs).
Actually, it was discovered that the malignant tissue of patients for whom immunothérapie was not fruitful was in fact rich in macrophages, affirming the connection between the disease and the TAMs. It is these TAMs that produce flagging proteins like chemokines and trigger the inhibitory resistant checkpoint discharges that make an immunosuppressive tumeur condition, which ensures the malignant growth cells and permits their quickened development. Since the TAMs encourage the spreading of malignant cellules de croissance, managing them as a remedial methodology for battling disease has picked up consideration as of late.
A research team from the Tokyo University of Science, under the direction of Yuya Terashima saw this as an opportunity to look into the field of developing new anti-malignant growth drugs. Their original work in Nature Immunology 2005 revealed the disclosure of another objective protein called FROUNT, which is connected to the guidelines and development of the TAMs. In this way, FROUNT was directly linked to TAM rules because it increased “chemokine signaling,” a type of cell communication that is necessary for TAM gathering and movement.
At that point, so as to diminish any symptoms, the group additionally built up an autonomous technique for restricting the impact of FROUNT on chemokine motion by repressing the connection between the two. The group screened 131,200 mixes and focused on disulfiram, a medication used to treat liquor abuse, and referred to for its potential as an enemy of malignant growth tranquilizer. This medication was found to legitimately tie to the FROUNT site, making FROUNT inaccessible for collaboration with the parts of chemokine flagging.
Considering the outcomes, Terashima clarifies, “When tried on mice, disulfiram repressed the development of macrophages and stifled the development of malignant growth cells. Thus, our findings reveal a new way to treat cancer that can stop the growth of cancer cells that are hard for immune systems to detect when used together with disulfiram.
Hopefully, we will get to see new therapies in the treatment of cancer.
