Terapi target untuk pengobatan sarkoma
Tidak asing dengan kanker, tidak banyak informasi tentang sarkoma. Padahal, sarkoma merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang sering diabaikan oleh masyarakat. Jenis kanker ini muncul di kulit dan periosteum, dan itu cukup setara untuk menemukan bahwa kondisinya memburuk dengan cepat, munculnya obat-obatan yang menargetkan sarkoma dapat memungkinkan pasien untuk bernapas, dapat menstabilkan penyakit dalam waktu singkat, dan kemudian mencegah situasi metastasis yang serius, mengurangi risiko yang mengancam jiwa pasien.
Targeted drug for sarcoma
Bevacizumab, pazopanib, sunitinib, etc. are sarcoma-targeting drugs, but this is not suitable for every patient. The prerequisite is to do genetic testing. If the gene mutation is a KRAS mutation, MEK inhibitors can be used, if it is a PIK3CA mutation, BKM120, mTOR inhibitor, etc. If it is an EGFR mutation, a TIKi drug can be used. Targeted drugs still have ideas, but the key is to know exactly what a genetic mutation is, which requires the help of second-generation sequencing technology because the frequency of genetic mutations in KRAS, PIK3CA, EGFR and MET does not add up to 100%. If conditions permit, AVASTIN can also be used in combination with chemotherapy.
What are sarcoma-targeting drugs?
1.Bevacizumab
Bevacizumab, a human recombinant VEGF antibody, has been shown to have clinical efficacy in combination regimens in rectal cancer and other malignancies. Agulnik et al. Conducted a multi-center prospective, phase II clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the single-agent bevacizumab, including 30 patients with advanced STS, including 23 cases of angiosarcoma and 7 cases of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Monotherapy was well tolerated, partial response (PR), 2 cases, stable disease (SD), 15 cases. After two cycles of treatment, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12 weeks, and the overall survival (OS) was 52.7 weeks. This test shows that bevacizumab is safe and effective in patients with angiosarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
2.Pazopanib
Pazopanib is an oral multi-targeted small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and is the first targeted drug approved by the FDA for decades to treat advanced soft tissue sarcoma (non-liposarcoma). Pazopanib is a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-α and -β, FGFR-1 and -3, cytokine receptor (Kit), interleukin-2 receptor A receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can induce T cell kinase (Itk), leukocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck), and transmembrane glycoprotein receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Fms). FDA approves pazopanib for patients with advanced sarcoma.
3.Sunitinib
Sunitinib is an oral small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with multiple effects of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and anti-tumor cell growth. Targets for the drug to exert anti-cancer effects include: PDGFR-α and -β, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, FLT-3, CSF-1R, kit and ret. Sunitide has multiple effector pathways, making it a reliable anti-tumor targeted drug for non-GIST sarcomas, with two phase II clinical trials evaluating its safety and effectiveness.
4.Sorafinib
Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor. It can simultaneously inhibit a variety of intracellular and cell surface kinases, including BRAF kinase, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, KIT, and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3).
5.Cediranib
Sildenib, a pan-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Kummar et al. Found through a phase II clinical study that it showed good efficacy for metastatic acinar soft tissue sarcoma, 35% Patients achieved PR, SD occurred in 60% of patients, and overall disease control rate reached 84% at 24 weeks.
6. Anlotinib
Anlotinib is a multi-target receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR1 / 2/3) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1 / 2 / 3) Targets such as platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRα / β), c-Kit, and Ret. In recent years, research into its use in tumor-targeted therapies has continued.
