Istraživanje koje su izvijestili istraživači sa sveučilišta Fudan pokazuje da nova kombinacija četiri proteinska biomarkera može točno dijagnosticirati karcinom gušterače. (Br J Cancer. Internetska verzija 9. studenog 2017.).
The researchers said that we believe that the development of a fast and stable method for screening target proteins in large samples may accelerate the pace of finding new protein biomarkers and drug targets, and may even be individualized in the future. Of proteomes are used in precision medicine.
most karcinomi gušterače su u uznapredovalom stadiju bolesti u vrijeme dijagnoze, a srednja stopa preživljenja nakon dijagnoze manja je od 6%. Rana dijagnoza i liječenje mogu poboljšati prognozu.
The researchers used a variety of mass spectrometry techniques to analyze 150 serum samples from healthy controls, patients with benign pancreatic diseases, and patients with pancreatic cancer, and identified 142 differentially expressed proteins. Finally, the four proteins were included in their biomarker expression profiles: APOE , ITIH3, APOA1 and APOL1.
Through the analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) method, the accuracy of a single protein marker used to distinguish pancreatic cancer patients from healthy controls was between 66.9% and 89.6%. The combination of the four markers can increase the accuracy to 93.7%. The sensitivity of the four-protein biomarker combination in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was 85%, and the specificity was 94.1%. If CA19-9 is included in this detection method, the AUC will be increased to 0.99, at which time the sensitivity is 95% and the specificity is 94.1%.
Istraživači su također koristili imunohistokemiju kako bi potvrdili ekspresiju gore navedenih proteinskih markera u uzorcima tumora, dodatno potvrđujući pouzdanost ove nove kombinacije biomarkera.
Istraživači su rekli da je klinička primjena ovih biomarkera još dugačka. Američka FDA upravo je odobrila kombinaciju markera za analizu tumora iz Centra za rak Memorial Sloan Kettering pod nazivom IMPACT. IMPACT može brzo otkriti mutacije u 468 gena i druge molekularne promjene u sastavu genoma ljudskog tumora.
