У розробці ліків від дитячої пухлини головного мозку стався великий прорив. Пухлини головного мозку у дітей є більш поширеним злоякісним захворюванням у дітей. Нещодавні дослідження показали, що новий коктейльний препарат може лікувати поширені дитячі пухлини мозку.
Cancer Cell” magazine recently announced that in the UK, about 400 children develop brain пухлини each year, of which the prevalence of boys is slightly higher than that of girls.
Are we able to take advantage of the results of tumor gene testing and tailor-made treatments, a strategy often referred to as personalized medicine? This treatment strategy can produce very good results for patients with brain tumors.
Neural myeloblastoma (medulloblastoma) is one of the most common злоякісні пухлини of the cerebellum. This пухлина мозку grows rapidly and most often occurs in children around the age of 5. Методи лікування include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Although great progress has been made in treatment methods and techniques, the success rate of treating myeloblastoma still lags far behind other children’s malignancies. In particular, myeloblastoma is a highly aggressive malignancy. Only 40% of patients with медулобластома survive, compared with other tumors of a less severe type-with a survival rate of more than 80%.
Researchers in the United States have discovered a new combination therapy for the treatment of highly aggressive нейробластома. In laboratory tests, the drug killed рак cells without any toxicity to normal cells, and researchers hope to conduct clinical trials of the drug. Robert Wechsler-Reya, an adjunct professor at the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Institute, said: “Our goal is to confirm that the drug has low toxicity properties. Because doctors and patients in this case urgently require new clinical treatment options, we will soon apply the drug from the laboratory to clinical treatment.
У комбінації з іншими препаратами нові сполуки, які пригнічують пухлини, перевіряються in vitro та in vivo.
Клінічні випробування for neuroblastoma are often very challenging because of the limited number of patients. In addition, coupled with the variability of the disease, most treatments are only effective for one subtype of patient. Understanding which patients will respond to this treatment is one of the main goals of the trial.
«Якщо ми зможемо розробити індивідуальне лікування на основі генів пухлини — стратегію, яку зазвичай називають індивідуальним лікуванням, — це може принести величезну євангелію пацієнтам з певними пухлинами».
Існує чотири різних типи нейробластоми, і пацієнти з третьою групою пухлин мають найгірший прогноз — лише 40% пацієнтів виживають довго. Навпаки, довгострокове виживання інших нейробластом є відносно оптимістичним, і близько 80% пацієнтів можуть вижити довгостроково.
Більшість пацієнтів третьої групи з нейробластомою мають високу експресію онкогену MYC, що є причиною неконтрольованого поділу клітин і утворення пухлин.
There was a study on mice with a third type of neural tube cell tumors that showed histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) might stop mice and people from making neurotubular glioblastomas without doing too much damage to normal cells.
We found several histone deacetylase inhibitors that can kill MYC oncogene-activated neural tube cell tumors without harming normal cell agents (HDACIs),” said Pei Yanxin, an assistant professor at the National Children’s Медичний центр У Вашингтоні, округ Колумбія
The most effective of these compounds is panobinostat, which has entered clinical trials in other види раку, but has not yet been tested on neuroblastoma.” Dr. Kun-Wei, a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University, added: “Several other studies have revealed that the mechanism of action of panobinostat is to promote the activation of the FOXO1 gene that can interfere with the oncogenes of MYC.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) are also thought to have the effect of activating the FOXO1 gene. We hypothesized that panobinostat and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3KIs) could work together to block ракова клітина виживання.
“It is true that the combined treatment of these two drugs can significantly increase the survival of patients with tumors carrying the MYC gene compared to using a single drug alone.”
