“About 5-6 years ago, we started to see some young patients with colorectal cancer, including some people in their 20s or 30s, which had never been seen before,” Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK ) Said Dr. Julio Garcia-Aguilar, the director of the colorectal project”.”
Common risk factors for colorectal cancer
The latest AICR report shows that lifestyle factors, especially diet and physical activity, play an important role in causing or preventing colorectal cancer. It has been found that whole grains and exercise reduce the risk, while processed meat and obesity increase the risk of cancer.
Factors that reduce the risk of colorectal cancer
■ Dietary fiber: Previous evidence has shown that dietary fiber can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, and this report is further supplemented by reporting that 90 grams of whole grains per day can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer by 17%.
■ Whole grains: For the first time, the AICR / WCRF study independently linked whole grains with colorectal cancer. The intake of whole grains can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
■ Exercise: Exercising can reduce the risk of colon cancer (but there is no evidence to reduce the risk of rectal cancer).
■ Others: Limited evidence suggests that fish, foods containing vitamin C (oranges, strawberries, spinach, etc.), multivitamins, calcium, and dairy products can also reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.
Factors that increase the risk of colorectal cancer
■ Large intake (> 500g per week) of red meat and processed meat, including beef, pork, hot dogs, etc .: Previous studies have shown that red meat and processed meat are associated with cancer risk. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), classified processed meat as a “carcinogenic factor for humans.” In addition, studies on premenopausal women have shown that high intake of red meat can increase the risk of breast cancer.
■ Drink ≥ 2 kinds of alcoholic beverages (30g alcohol) daily, such as wine or beer.
■ Non-starchy vegetables / fruits, foods containing heme iron: When the intake is low, the risk of colorectal cancer is high.
■ Other factors such as overweight, obesity, and height can also increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
A colonoscopy reduces the risk of death by 72%
From small polyps to fatal colorectal cancer, it usually takes 10 to 15 years, which provides a sufficient time window for early prevention and treatment, and colonoscopy is currently the preferred method of screening for colorectal cancer.
Both the lesion can be found and can be removed in time. The effect of colonoscopy on early detection of colorectal cancer has been fully recognized!
The research team of Indiana University and the American Veterans Medical Center jointly conducted a case-control study, selecting nearly 5,000 veterans with cancer and matching a control group of nearly 20,000 ages with similar factors according to the ratio of 1: 4 To determine the impact of colonoscopy on mortality of colorectal cancer.
The analysis showed that only 13.5% of the veterans in the case group had undergone enteroscopy before being diagnosed with cancer, compared with 26.4% in the control group, and the relative frequency of the case group was only 39%, which again proved the effectiveness of enteroscopy in the early diagnosis of cancer;Compared with patients who have not had colonoscopy, the overall risk of death of patients who have had colonoscopy has decreased by 61%, especially the left half of colon cancer patients who have more colonoscopy exposure, the risk of death has dropped by 72%!
Enteroscopy is necessary for these symptoms
In addition, if symptoms similar to colorectal cancer occur, it is also important to find out the cause as soon as possible! In most cases, these symptoms similar to colorectal cancer may be caused by hemorrhoids, irritable bowel syndrome, or inflammatory bowel disease. But if you have one or more symptoms, it is best to go to the hospital to find the cause.
(1) Those who have symptoms such as bloody stools and black stools, or a positive long-term stool occult blood test.
(2) Those who have mucus and pus in the stool.
(3) Those who have a large number of stools, are not shaped, or have diarrhea.
(4) Those who have difficulty in bowel movements or irregular bowel movements recently.
(5) Those whose stool becomes thinner and deformed.
(6) Those with long-term abdominal pain and bloating.
(7) Unexplained weight loss and weight loss.
(8) Anemia of unknown cause.
(9) Abdominal masses of unknown cause need to be diagnosed.
(10) Those with elevated CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) of unknown cause.
(11) Long-term chronic constipation, which cannot be cured for a long time.
(12) Chronic colitis, long-term medication, and a long-term cure.
(13) Suspected colon cancer, but negative in barium enema X-ray examination.
(14) Abdominal CT or other examinations found thickening of the intestinal wall, and those with colorectal cancer should be excluded.
(15) Hemorrhage lesions can be found in the lower gastrointestinal tract to determine the cause of the bleeding, and hemostasis can be performed under the microscope if necessary.
(16) Patients with schistosomiasis, ulcerative colitis and other diseases.
(17) Colorectal cancer requires regular review of colonoscopy after surgery. Patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery generally require a colonoscopy every 6 months to 1 year.
- If colonoscopy fails to examine the entire colon due to colonic obstruction before surgery, colonoscopy should be performed 3 months after surgery to determine the presence of colonic polyps or colon cancer in other parts.
(18) Those who have been found to have colon polyps and need to be removed under colonoscopy.
(19) Colorectal polyps require regular review of colonoscopy after surgery.
- Colorectal polyps may recur after surgery and should be reviewed regularly.
- Villous adenoma, serrated adenoma, and high-grade epithelial polyps are prone to relapse and cancer. It is recommended to review colonoscopy every 3-6 months.
- Other polyps are recommended to be reviewed once every 12 months.
- If the recheck colonoscopy is negative, recheck it 3 years later.
(20) Patients with a family history of colorectal cancer should undergo a colonoscopy.
- If one person in the family has colorectal cancer, his immediate family members (parents, children, siblings) should have a physical examination for colonoscopy, even if there are no symptoms or discomfort.
- A large number of studies have shown that if a person has colorectal cancer, his immediate family members (parents, children, siblings) are 2-3 times more likely to get colorectal cancer than the normal population.
(21) People with a family history of colorectal polyps also need a colonoscopy.
(22) People over the age of 40, especially long-term high-protein high-fat diet and long-term alcoholics, it is best to perform a colonoscopy for routine physical examination in order to detect asymptomatic early colorectal cancer as early as possible.
Where should colonoscopy be done?
Gastroscopy and enteroscopy have always been relatively contradictory tests for Chinese patients, but they are also the most effective way to detect gastric and intestinal cancer early. In Japan, the professionalism of the medical staff, the degree of tenderness and patience, and the comfort of the visiting environment have greatly reduced the discomfort of stomach and colonoscopy. At the same time, the very early discovery will cure the disease without causing any pain to the patient. And to achieve ultra-early discovery, you need to rely on “diagnostic doctors” who are familiar with the latest inspection methods.
The world famous
doctor with “eyes of God”-Kudo Jinying
Kudo Jinying is a world-renowned doctor for the treatment of colorectal cancer. He is reputed to have “God’s Eyes” and “Endoscopic God Hands”. It takes only 5 minutes to complete the endoscopy painlessly. Dr. Kudo discovered the world’s first very rare colorectal cancer called “phantom cancer.” No matter what kind of stomach cancer and colorectal cancer can not escape his eyes, it can really cure 100% of early gastric cancer and colorectal cancer in the budding stage. About 350,000 cases of gastrointestinal endoscopy have been completed so far, which is a world-class master in bowel cancer colonoscopy.
The problem in colorectal cancer is the so-called “recessed” cancer. This cancerous lesion is in a concave state and will not have direct contact with the stool, so it will not show the typical early symptoms of colorectal cancer,” blood stool . Therefore, it is difficult for general stool red blood cell examination, barium enema X-ray, and large intestine CT examination Make a judgment. And such cancers deteriorate twice as fast as the usual colorectal cancer, and the later you find the accompanying risks, the more and more.
