18 March 2020
NgoJanuwari 2020 Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (i-WHO) yamemezela ukuqubuka kwesifo esisha se-coronavirus, i-COVID-19, njengesimo Esiphuthumayo Sezempilo Yomphakathi Sokukhathazeka Kwamazwe Ngamazwe. I-WHO ithe kunobungozi obukhulu bokusabalala kwe-COVID-19 kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele. NgoMashi 2020, i-WHO yenza isivivinyo sokuthi i-COVID-19 ingabonakala njengobhubhane.
I-WHO kanye neziphathimandla zezempilo zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke zibambe iqhaza ukubamba ukuqubuka kwe-COVID-19. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi senhlekelele siveza ingcindezi kubantu bonke. Ukucatshangelwa okwethulwe kulo mbhalo kusungulwe nguMnyango Wezempilo Yengqondo we-WHO kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa njengochungechunge lwemiyalezo engasetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ukuxhasa inhlalakahle yengqondo nengokwengqondo emaqenjini aqondiwe ahlukene ngesikhathi sokuqubuka.
Imilayezo yabantu abaningi
1. I-COVID-19 ine futhi kungenzeka ithinte abantu abavela emazweni amaningi, ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba. Lapho ubhekisa kubantu abane-COVID-19, ungasinamathiseli lesi sifo kunoma yiluphi uhlanga noma ubuzwe obuthile. Yiba nozwelo kubo bonke abathintekayo, ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe. Abantu abathintwe yi-COVID-19 abenzanga lutho olungalungile, futhi bafanelwe ukubasekela, ububele nomusa.
2. Ungabhekiseli kubantu abanalesi sifo ngokuthi “amacala e-COVID-19”, “izisulu” “imindeni ye-COVID-19” noma “abagulayo”. Bangabantu "abane-COVID-19", "abantu abelashelwa i-COVID-19", noma "abantu abalulama ku-COVID-19", futhi ngemuva kokululama ku-COVID-19 impilo yabo izoqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo , imindeni nabathandekayo. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa umuntu ekubeni nobunikazi obuchazwe yi-COVID-19, ukuze kuncishiswe ukucwaswa.
3. Nciphisa ukubukela, ukufunda noma ukulalela izindaba ezimayelana ne-COVID-19 ezikwenza uzizwe ukhathazekile noma ucindezelekile; funa imininingwane kuphela emithonjeni ethembekile futhi ikakhulukazi ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezibonakalayo ukulungiselela izinhlelo zakho nokuzivikela wena kanye nabathandekayo bakho. Funa izibuyekezo zolwazi ngezikhathi ezithile emini, kanye noma kabili. Ukusakazwa okungazelelwe futhi okuseduze njalo kwemibiko yezindaba mayelana nokuqubuka kungadala noma ngubani ukuthi akhathazeke. Thola amaqiniso; hhayi amahemuhemu nolwazi olungelona iqiniso. Hlanganisa imininingwane ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka kuwebhusayithi ye-WHO kanye nempilo yendawo
amapulatifomu egunya ukuze akusize uhlukanise amaqiniso kumahemuhemu. Amaqiniso angasiza ukunciphisa ukwesaba.
4. Zivikele futhi weseke abanye. Ukusiza abanye ngesikhathi sabo sokudinga kungazuzisa bobabili umuntu othola ukwesekwa kanye nomsizi. Isibonelo, hlola ngocingo komakhelwane noma kubantu emphakathini wakho abangadinga usizo olwengeziwe. Ukusebenzisana njengomphakathi owodwa kungasiza ekwakheni ubumbano ekubhekaneni ne-COVID-19 ndawonye.
5. Thola amathuba okukhulisa okuhle nethemba izindaba kanye nezithombe ezinhle zabantu bendawo abahlangabezane ne-COVID-19. Ngokwesibonelo, izindaba zabantu abeluleme noma abaye basekela
othandekayo futhi bazimisele ukwabelana ngolwazi lwabo.
6. Hlonipha abanakekeli nabasebenzi bezempilo abasekela abantu abathintekayo nge-COVID-19 emphakathini wakho. Vuma iqhaza abalibambayo ekusindiseni izimpilo nokugcina abantu obathandayo bephephile. Imilayezo yabasebenzi bezempilo
7. Ukuzizwa ungaphansi kwengcindezi kungokuhlangenwe nakho okungenzeka kuwe nakwabanye osebenza nabo abaningi. Kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuzizwa ngale ndlela esimweni samanje. Ingcindezi nemizwa ehambisana nayo ayibonisi neze ukuthi awukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho noma ukuthi ubuthakathaka. Ukuphatha impilo yakho yengqondo kanye nokuphila kahle kwakho ngokwengqondo ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile njengokulawula impilo yakho.
8. Zinakekele ngalesi sikhathi. Zama futhi usebenzise amasu awusizo okubhekana nesimo njengokuqinisekisa ukuphumula okwanele kanye nekhefu phakathi nomsebenzi noma phakathi kwamashifu, yidla ukudla okwanele nokunempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, futhi uhlale uxhumene nomndeni nabangane. Gwema ukusebenzisa amasu okubhekana nesimo angasizi njengokusebenzisa ugwayi, utshwala noma ezinye izidakamizwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu inhlalakahle yakho engokwengqondo nengokomzimba. Ukuqubuka kwe-COVID-19 kuyisimo esiyingqayizivele nesingakaze sibonwe kubasebenzi abaningi, ikakhulukazi uma bengabandakanyekanga ekuphenduleni okufanayo. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenzisa amasu akusebenzele esikhathini esidlule ukuze ulawule izikhathi zokucindezeleka kungakusiza manje. Ungumuntu okungenzeka ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungasusa kanjani ingcindezi futhi akufanele ube manqikanqika ukuzigcina uphilile ngokwengqondo. Lokhu akuwona umsubathi; imarathon.
9. Ngeshwa abanye abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bazizwa begwenywa yimindeni yabo noma umphakathi ngenxa yokucwaswa noma ukwesaba. Lokhu kungenza isimo esivele siyinselele sibe nzima kakhulu. Uma kungenzeka, ukuhlala uxhumene nabantu obathandayo, kufaka phakathi izindlela zedijithali, kungenye yezindlela zokugcina ukuxhumana. Phendukela kozakwenu, umphathi wakho noma abanye abantu abathembekile ukuze uthole ukusekelwa komphakathi - osebenza nabo kungenzeka babe nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nakuwe.
10. Sebenzisa izindlela eziqondakalayo zokwabelana ngemilayezo nabantu abakhubazekile ngokwengqondo, ngokwazi nangokomqondo. Lapho kungenzeka khona, faka izindlela zokuxhumana ezingathembeli kuphela kulwazi olubhaliwe.
11. Yazi ukuthi ungabaxhasa kanjani abantu abathintekayo yi-COVID-19 futhi wazi ukuthi ungabaxhumanisa kanjani nezinsiza ezikhona. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abadinga impilo yengqondo nokuxhaswa kwengqondo. Isigcwagcwa esihambisana nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo kungadala ukungafuni ukufuna usizo kuzo zombili i-COVID-19 nezimo zempilo yengqondo. Umhlahlandlela we-mhGAP Wokungenelela Kwabantu uhlanganisa ukuqondiswa komtholampilo ekubhekaneni nezimo ezibalulekile zezempilo yengqondo futhi yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabasebenzi bezempilo jikelele.
Imilayezo yabaholi beqembu noma abaphathi ezikhungweni zezempilo.
12. Ukugcina bonke abasebenzi bevikelwe ekucindezelekeni okungapheli kanye nasemphefumulweni ongemuhle ngale mpendulo kusho ukuthi bazoba namandla angcono okufeza izindima zabo. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhumbula ukuthi isimo esikhona njengamanje ngeke sidlule ngokushesha futhi kufanele ugxile emandleni okusebenza isikhathi eside kunokuphindaphinda izimpendulo zesimo esibucayi sesikhashana.
13. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana okuhle kanye nokubuyekezwa kwemininingwane enembile kunikezwa bonke abasebenzi. Zungezisa abasebenzi besuka ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu baye emisebenzini ecindezela kancane. Partner abasebenzi abangenalwazi nozakwabo abanolwazi oluningi. Uhlelo lwabangane lusiza ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa, ukuqapha ukucindezeleka nokuqinisa izinqubo zokuphepha. Qinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi abafinyelela emphakathini bangena ngababili emphakathini. Qalisa, khuthaza futhi ubheke amakhefu omsebenzi. Sebenzisa amashejuli aguquguqukayo wezisebenzi ezithinteke ngqo noma ezinelungu lomndeni ezithintwe isehlakalo esicindezelayo. Qiniseka ukuthi wakhela ngesikhathi ukuthi osebenza nabo banikelane ngokwenhlalo.
14. Qiniseka ukuthi abasebenzi bayazi ukuthi bangakuthola kuphi futhi kanjani ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zempilo yezengqondo nezengqondo kanye nokwenza lula ukufinyelela kuzinsizakalo ezinjalo. Abaphathi nabaholi bamaqembu babhekene nengcindezi efanayo kubasebenzi babo futhi bangathola ingcindezi eyengeziwe ephathelene nemisebenzi yeqhaza labo. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlinzeko namasu angenhla akhona kubo bobabili abasebenzi nezimenenja, nokuthi abaphathi bangaba yizibonelo zamasu okuzinakekela ukunciphisa ingcindezi.
15. Qondisa bonke abaphendulile, kubandakanya abahlengikazi, abashayeli bama-ambulensi, amavolontiya, okokuhlonza amacala, othisha nabaholi bomphakathi kanye nabasebenzi ezindaweni zokuhlukaniswa, ngokuthi bangabanikeza kanjani ukwesekwa okungokomzwelo nokungokoqobo kubantu abathintekayo abasebenzisa usizo lokuqala lwengqondo.
16. Lawula izikhalazo eziphuthumayo zempilo yengqondo kanye nezinzwa (isb. ukudangala, ukudangala kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukucindezeleka) ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo o
r izindawo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo jikelele. Abasebenzi abafanelekile abaqeqeshiwe nabaqeqeshiwe kungadingeka ukuthi bathunyelwe kulezi zindawo uma isikhathi sivuma, futhi kufanele kwandiswe umthamo wabasebenzi bezempilo jikelele wokuhlinzeka ngempilo yengqondo kanye nokwesekwa ngokomqondo (bheka Umhlahlandlela Wokungenelela Womuntu) we-mhGAP).
17. Qinisekisa ukutholakala kwemithi ebalulekile, ejwayelekile ye-psychotropic kuwo wonke amazinga ezempilo. Abantu abaphila nezimo zezempilo yengqondo zesikhathi eside noma ukuquleka kwesithuthwane bazodinga ukufinyelela okungaphazamiseki emithini yabo, futhi ukumiswa okungazelelwe kufanele kugwenywe.
Imilayezo yabanakekeli bezingane
18. Siza izingane zithole izindlela ezinhle zokuveza imizwa enjengokwesaba nokudabuka. Yonke ingane inendlela yayo yokuveza imizwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini wokudala, njengokudlala noma ukudweba kungenza kube lula le nqubo. Izingane zizizwa zikhululeke uma zingakwazi ukuveza futhi zikhulume imizwa yazo endaweni ephephile nexhasanayo.
19. Gcina izingane zisondele kubazali bazo nasemindenini yazo, uma zithathwa njengeziphephile, futhi ugweme ukuhlukanisa izingane nemisebenzi yabo ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ingane idinga ukuhlukaniswa nomnakekeli wayo oyinhloko, qiniseka ukuthi kunikezwa enye indlela efanele yokunakekelwa nokuthi usonhlalonhle noma umuntu olingana naye uzoyilandelela njalo ingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi ngezikhathi zokwehlukana, ukuxhumana okuvamile
nabazali nabanakekeli kugcinwa, njengezingcingo ezihleliwe nsuku zonke noma izingcingo zevidiyo noma okunye ukuxhumana okufanele iminyaka (isb. ezokuxhumana nabantu).
20. Gcina izindlela ozijwayele empilweni yansuku zonke ngangokunokwenzeka, noma wakhe izindlela ezintsha, ikakhulukazi uma izingane kufanele zihlale ekhaya. Nikezela ngezinto ezibandakanya iminyaka efanele izingane, kufaka phakathi nemisebenzi yokufunda kwazo. Lapho kungenzeka khona, khuthaza izingane ukuthi ziqhubeke nokudlala nokuzijabulisa nabanye, noma ngabe kungaphakathi emndenini kuphela lapho welulekwa ukuthi kuvinjelwe ukuxhumana nabantu.
21. Ngesikhathi sezingcindezi nezinkinga, kujwayelekile ukuthi izingane zifune ukunamathela kakhudlwana futhi zifune kakhulu abazali. Xoxa nge-COVID-19 nezingane zakho ngendlela ethembekile futhi efanele iminyaka. Uma izingane zakho zinokukhathazeka, ukukhuluma nazo ndawonye kungadambisa ukukhathazeka kwazo. Izingane zizo
qaphela ukuziphatha kwabantu abadala nemizwa yabo ngezinkomba zokuthi bangayilawula kanjani imizwa yabo ngezikhathi ezinzima. Iseluleko esingeziwe siyatholakala lapha. Imilayezo yabantu abadala asebekhulile, abantu abanezimo zezempilo ezingaphansi kanye nabanakekeli babo.
22. Abantu abadala asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi bodwa futhi labo abanokuwohloka kwengqondo / ukuwohloka komqondo, bangakhathazeka kakhulu, bathukuthele, bacindezeleke, baphazamiseke futhi bahoxe ngesikhathi sokuqubuka noma ngenkathi behlukaniswa. Nikeza ukusekelwa okungokoqobo nangokomzwelo ngamanethiwekhi angahlelekile (imindeni) kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo.
23. Yabelana ngamaqiniso alula ngokwenzekayo bese unikeza ulwazi olucacile mayelana nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani ubungozi bokutheleleka ngamagama kubantu asebekhulile abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo / abangaqonda. Phinda imininingwane lapho kunesidingo. Imiyalo idinga ukwaziswa ngendlela ecacile, emfushane,
ngendlela enenhlonipho nesineke. Kungasiza futhi ukuthi ulwazi lukhonjiswe ngokubhalwa noma ezithombeni. Bandakanya amalungu omndeni namanye amanethiwekhi wokusekela ekunikezeni ulwazi nokusiza. Abantu ukwenza izindlela zokuzivikela (isib. Ukugeza izandla, njll.).
24. Uma unesimo sempilo esiyimbangela, qiniseka ukuthi uyakwazi ukufinyelela kunoma yimiphi imithi oyisebenzisayo njengamanje. Yenza kusebenze oxhumana nabo ukuze bakunikeze usizo, uma kudingeka.
25. Zilungiselele futhi wazi kusengaphambili ukuthi ungaluthola kanjani futhi kanjani usizo olungokoqobo uma kudingeka, njengokushayela itekisi, ukulethwa kokudla kanye nokucela usizo lwezempilo. Qiniseka ukuthi unamaviki amabili kuyo yonke imithi yakho ejwayelekile ongayidinga.
26. Funda izivivinyo zomzimba ezilula zansuku zonke ukuzenzela ekhaya, ngokuvalelwa wedwa noma ngokuhlukaniswa ukuze ukwazi ukugcina ukuhamba nokunciphisa isithukuthezi.
27. Gcina onkhe kanye neshejuli njalo ngangokunokwenzeka noma usize ukudala okusha okusha
imvelo, kufaka phakathi ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, ukuhlanza, ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukucula, ukudweba noma eminye imisebenzi. Hlala uxhumana njalo nabantu obathandayo (isb. Ngocingo, i-imeyili, imithombo yezokuxhumana noma ingqungquthela yevidiyo).
Imilayezo yabantu abodwa
28. Hlala uxhumekile futhi ugcine ukuxhumana kwakho nomphakathi. Zama ngangokunokwenzeka ukugcina izindlela zakho zansuku zonke noma udale izindlela ezintsha uma izimo zishintsha. Uma iziphathimandla zezempilo zincome ukuthi kuncishiswe ukuxhumana kwakho ngokomzimba ukuze kuqukethe lesi sifo, ungahlala uxhumekile ngocingo, i-imeyili, imithombo yezokuxhumana noma ingqungquthela yevidiyo.
29. Ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka, naka izidingo zakho nemizwa yakho. Zibandakanye emisebenzini enempilo oyijabulelayo futhi oyitholayo uphumule. Zivocavoce njalo, gcina izinqubo zokulala njalo futhi udle ukudla okunempilo. Gcina izinto zisesilinganisweni. Ama-ejensi wezempilo yomphakathi kanye nochwepheshe kuwo wonke amazwe basebenza ngokuqubuka kwalesi sifo ukuze baqinisekise ukutholakala kokunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu kulabo abathintekile.
30. Ukusakazwa njalo kwemibiko yezindaba ngokuqubuka kungadala noma ngubani ukuthi azizwe ekhathazekile noma ecindezelekile. Funa izibuyekezo zolwazi kanye nokuholwa okusebenzayo ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi nosuku kubasebenzi bezempilo nakuwebhusayithi ye-WHO futhi ugweme ukulalela noma ukulandela amahemuhemu akwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile.
Hlala unolwazi
Thola imininingwane yakamuva evela ku-WHO lapho i-COVID-19 isakazeka khona:
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/
Iseluleko nesiqondiso esivela ku-WHO ku-COVID-19:
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
