Iskena se-CT (Computed Tomography).

I-body's computed tomography (CT) isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-x-ray ukuthola inani lezifo nezifo. I-CT scanning iyindlela esheshayo, engenabuhlungu, engavamisile, nenembayo. Ingadalula ukulimala kwangaphakathi nokopha ngokushesha ukuze kusindise izimpilo ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukhulelwe, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho, kanye nanoma yiziphi izifo zakamuva, izimo zezokwelapha, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba oke waba nakho. Uzotshelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokunciphisa ithuba lokungezwani komzimba uma unokungezwani nezinto ezaziwayo ukuze uqhathanise. Gqoka izingubo ezixegayo, ezithokomele futhi ushiye amagugu akho ekhaya. Kungenzeka ukuthi uzocelwa ukuthi wembathe ingubo.

Odokotela nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo sebeneminyaka beqeqeshwa, kodwa kusenezinkinga eziningi abangakwazi ukuzibona ngokubuka noma ukulalela umzimba wakho.

Izifo ezithile zezokwelapha zidinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela izicubu zomzimba wakho, imithambo yegazi namathambo. Ama-X-ray nama-ultrasound anganikeza ulwazi oluthile, kodwa ukuskena kwe-computed tomography (CT) ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo lapho kudingeka isithombe esinemininingwane eyengeziwe.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizobheka ukuthi i-CT scan isebenza kanjani, isetshenziselwa ini, nokuthi kunjani ukuyenza.

Iyini i-CT-Scan?

A CT scan, often known as a CAT scan or a CT scan, is a diagnostic medical imaging procedure. It provides several images or photos of the inside of the body, similar to standard ama-x-ray.

Izithombe ezisuka ku-CT scan zingafomethwa kabusha ezindizeni eziningi. Iyakwazi nokukhiqiza ukubonwa kwezinhlangothi ezintathu. Lezi zithombe zingabukwa kusibonisi sekhompyutha, ziphrintwe efilimini noma kusetshenziswa iphrinta ye-3D, noma zidluliselwe ku-CD noma i-DVD ngudokotela wakho.

Izitho zangaphakathi, amathambo, izicubu ezithambile, nemithambo yegazi kunemininingwane eminingi ezithombeni ze-CT kunakuma-x-ray ajwayelekile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emithanjeni yegazi nezicubu ezithambile.

Izazi ze-radioologists zingaxilonga ngokushesha izifo ezihlanganisa umdlavuza, ukugula kwenhliziyo, isifo esithathelwanayo, i-appendicitis, ukuhlukumezeka, nokuphazamiseka kwemisipha ngokusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile nolwazi ukwenza nokuhumusha ama-CT scans omzimba.

I-CT scan ingase isetshenziselwe ukubona ngeso lengqondo:

• ikhanda
• amahlombe
• emgogodleni
• inhliziyo
• isisu
• knee
• isifuba

I-CT scan ihlanganisa ukulala phansi emshinini ofana nomhubhe kuyilapho ingaphakathi lizungeza futhi lithatha ama-X-ray alandelanayo ema-engeli ahlukahlukene.

Lezi zithombe zibe sezidluliselwa kukhompyutha, lapho zihlanganiswa khona ukuze kukhiqizwe izithombe zezingcezu zomzimba, noma iziqephu eziphambanayo. Angaphinda ahlanganiswe ukuze kwakheke ukumelwa okungu-3-D kwengxenye ethile yomzimba.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-CT-Scan

I-CT imaging yile:

• elinye lamathuluzi asheshayo futhi anembe kakhulu okuhlola isifuba, isisu kanye ne-pelvis ngoba inikeza ukubukwa okuningiliziwe, okuphambene nezigaba zazo zonke izinhlobo zezicubu.
• esetshenziselwa ukuhlola iziguli ezilimele ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka njengengozi yemoto.
• eyenziwa ezigulini ezinezimpawu ezibucayi njengesifuba noma ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
• ngokuvamile indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola umdlavuza esifubeni, esiswini kanye ne-pelvis, njenge i-lymphoma and cancers of the lung, liver, kidney, ovary and pancreas. It’s considered the best method since the image allows a physician to confirm the presence of a isisu, measure its size, identify its precise location and determine the extent of its involvement with other nearby tissue.
• ukuhlolwa okudlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni, ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni izifo zemithambo yegazi ezingaholela ekushayweni kohlangothi, ukwehluleka kwezinso noma ngisho nokufa. I-CT ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-pulmonary embolism (ihlule legazi emithanjeni yamaphaphu) kanye ne-aortic aneurysms.

• i-lymphoma
• i-neuroblastoma
• izimila zezinso
• ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwenhliziyo, izinso nemithambo yegazi
• i-cystic fibrosis
• izinkinga ze-appendicitis eyingozi
• izinkinga ze-pneumonia
• isifo sofuba esiswini
• ukulimala kakhulu

Izazi ze-radioologists kanye ne-radiation oncologists zivame ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CT ukuze:

• ukuhlonza ngokushesha ukulimala kwamaphaphu, inhliziyo nemithambo, isibindi, ubende, izinso, amathumbu noma ezinye izitho zangaphakathi ezimeni zokuhlukumezeka.
• ama-biopsies aqondisayo kanye nezinye izinqubo ezinjengama-drainage ethumba kanye nokwelashwa kwesimila esihlasela kancane.
• hlela futhi uhlole imiphumela yokuhlinzwa, njengokufakelwa izitho zomzimba noma i-bypass yesisu.
• esiteji, hlela futhi ulawule kahle ukwelashwa ngemisebe yezimila kanye nokuqapha ukuphendula ku-chemotherapy.
• ukukala ukuminyana kwamaminerali ukuze kutholwe i-osteoporosis.

Ungasilungiselela kanjani i-CT-scan?

Ekuhlolweni kwakho, gqoka ngokunethezeka izingubo ezikufanelayo. Ngenqubo, kungase kudingeke ushintshe ube ingubo.

Izinto zobuciko zensimbi, ezinjengobucwebe, izibuko zamehlo, amazinyo okufakelwa, nezikhonkwane zezinwele, zingabangela izithombe ze-CT ukuba zihlanekezelwe. Zishiye ekhaya noma uzikhiphe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Izinsiza-kuzwa kanye nomsebenzi wamazinyo okhiphekayo kufanele kususwe kwezinye izivivinyo ze-CT. Obhodisi bensimbi bensimbi bazodinga ukususwa ngabesifazane. Uma kungenzeka, kufanele ususe noma yikuphi ukubhoboza.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kuzobandakanya izinto ezihlukile, udokotela wakho angase akweluleke ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze noma yini amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Tshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izidakamizwa zakho nanoma yikuphi ukuzwela onakho. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi (imvamisa eyi-steroid) ukuze unciphise ithuba lokusabela kabi uma unokungezwani komzimba okwaziwayo ukuze uqhathanise izinto. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuhlolwa ukuze unciphise noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka okungadingekile.

Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma iziphi izifo zakamuva noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha oke waba nazo, kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, isifuba somoya, isifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, noma izinkinga zegilo. Noma iyiphi yalezi zici ingase inyuse ithuba lokusabela okungekuhle.

Isipiliyoni ngesikhathi se-CT-Scan

Ama-CT scan ngokuvamile awabuhlungu, ayashesha futhi alula. Isikhathi okumele isiguli silale ngaso sincishisiwe nge-CT ye-multidetector.

Nakuba ukuskena kungenangozi, ungase uzwe ukungakhululeki okuncane ngenxa yokunganyakazi imizuzu embalwa noma ukufakwa i-IV. Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kungase kukucindezele uma unenkinga yokuhlala unganyakazi, unovalo, ukhathazekile, noma usezinhlungwini. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, uchwepheshe noma umhlengikazi angase akunikeze umuthi wokukusiza ukuthi ubhekane ne-CT scan.

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlolela ukugula okungamahlalakhona noma okuyingozi kwe-renal uma ukuhlolwa kuhilela okuhlukile okune-iodine. Uma umhlengikazi efaka inaliti emthanjeni wakho ukuze anikeze okuhlukile ngomthambo (ngemithambo), uzozwa ukuhlaba iphini. Njengoba kusetshenziswa ukugqama, ungase uzizwe ufudumele noma ushibilika. Ukunambitheka kwensimbi kungase kube khona emlonyeni wakho. Lokhu kuzophela maduze. Ungase ube nesifiso esinamandla sokuchama. Lena, nokho, imiphumela engemihle yesikhashana evela kumjovo wokuqhathanisa.

Ungathola ukunambitheka kokungafani komlomo kungathandeki ngokumaphakathi uma ukukusebenzisa. Iziguli eziningi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ziyakwazi ukuyiphatha kalula. Uma uthola i-enema, ungalindela ukuthi uzizwe ugcwele esiswini sakho. Ungase futhi uqaphele isifiso esikhulayo sokukhipha uketshezi. Uma kunjalo, bekezelani; ukungakhululeki okuncane kuzodlula ngokushesha.

Ungase uqaphele imigqa yokukhanya ehlukile evezwa emzimbeni wakho wonke uma ufaka isithwebuli se-CT. Le migqa izokusiza ukuthi ungene endaweni efanele etafuleni lokuhlolwa. Ungase uzwe ukubhaza, ukuchofoza, noma imisindo ekhencezayo evela kuzikena ze-CT ezintsha. Phakathi nenqubo yokuthwebula, izingcezu zangaphakathi zesithwebuli se-CT, ngokuvamile ezingabonakali kuwe, ziyakuzungeza.

Izinzuzo ze-CT-Scan

• I-CT scan ayibuhlungu, ayivamisile, futhi inembile.
• Inzuzo enkulu ye-CT ikhono layo lokudweba amathambo, izicubu ezithambile, nemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ngokungafani nama-x-ray avamile, ukuskena kwe-CT kunikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi yezinhlobo eziningi zezicubu kanye namaphaphu, amathambo, nemithambo yegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kuyashesha futhi kulula. Ezimeni eziphuthumayo, bangaveza ukulimala kwangaphakathi nokopha ngokushesha ngokwanele ukusiza ukusindisa izimpilo.
• I-CT iboniswe njengethuluzi lokucabanga elingabizi kakhulu lezinkinga eziningi zomtholampilo.
• I-CT ayizwela kakhulu ukunyakaza kwesiguli kune-MRI.
• Ngokungafani ne-MRI, idivayisi yezokwelapha etshaliwe yanoma yiluphi uhlobo ngeke ikuvimbele ekubeni ne-CT scan.
• I-CT imaging ihlinzeka ngesithombe sesikhathi sangempela, ikwenze kube ithuluzi elihle lokuqondisa ama-biopsies yenaliti kanye nezifiso yenaliti. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinqubo ezibandakanya amaphaphu, isisu, i-pelvis, namathambo.
• Ukuxilongwa nge-CT scan kungase kuqede isidingo sokuhlinzwa kokuhlola kanye ne-biopsy yokuhlinzwa.
• Ayikho imisebe ehlala emzimbeni wesiguli ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-CT.
• Ama-x-reyi asetshenziselwa ukuskena kwe-CT akufanele abe nemiphumela engemihle esheshayo.

Izingozi ezihlobene ne-CT-Scan

Zimbalwa kakhulu izingozi ezihlobene ne-CT scan. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• ukuchayeka emisebeni
• ukungezwani nokungezwani nodayi abahlukile
• kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza ngokuskena okuningi

Uma ungezwani nodayi wokuqhathanisa, udokotela wakho angase akhethe ukuskena okungaphambanisi. Uma kufanele usebenzise ukuqhathanisa ngokuphelele, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ama-steroids noma ezinye izidakamizwa ukukusiza ukugwema ukungezwani komzimba.

Udayi wokuqhathanisa owunikiwe uzokhishwa emzimbeni wakho ngomchamo nangendle ngemva kokuskena. Ngenxa yokuthi udayi ohlukile ungenza izinso zibe nzima, ungase welulekwe ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi ngemva kwenqubo yakho.