Gastrointestinal adverse reactions are one of the most common side effects including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeting and other treatments. Most of the gastrointestinal adverse reactions are nausea, dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Long-term gastrointestinal reactions can also lead to malnutrition and decreased immune function.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
Anti-tumor therapy may reduce the patient’s appetite or change the taste of food. Adverse reactions such as oropharyngeal discomfort and nausea and vomiting can cause difficulty in eating. In addition, cancer-related fatigue also reduces the patient’s appetite. A normal diet is essential to maintain the normal functioning of patients, especially during ukwelashwa komdlavuza. If the patient exhibits dehydration, sudden weight loss, or weakness, the clinician should give relevant treatment recommendations.
Amasu wokuthuthukisa ukulahleka kwesifiso:
(1) Faka amanzi anele nsuku zonke. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kungadala ubuthakathaka noma isiyezi, kanti umchamo ophuzi omnyama uyisibonakaliso esicacile sokushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni.
(2) Yidla kancane bese udla ukudla okuningi, khetha ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi, okunama-khalori amaningi.
(3) Let yourself move, and moderate exercise will improve your appetite, such as walking for tens of minutes every day.
ukuqunjelwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-anti-tumor (njenge-chemotherapy) kuvame ukudala ukuqunjelwa, futhi ukuphuza amaphilisi ezinhlungu, izinguquko ekudleni, ukungabi namanzi, kanye nokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba nakho kungadala ukuqunjelwa. Iziguli ezinokuqunjelwa zingase zithole ukukhukhumala kwesisu, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nesicanucanu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuvimbela kulula futhi kusebenza kangcono kunokwelapha izinkinga ezihlobene nokuqunjelwa (ukungqubuzana kwendle, ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu).
Amasu okuvimbela noma okwelapha ukuqunjelwa:
(1) Khetha ukudla okune-fiber eningi, njengokufaka i-oatmeal ekudleni. Uma uke wahlushwa amathumbu noma wahlinzwa wamathumbu, akufanele udle ukudla okunefayibha ephezulu.
(2) Phuza uketshezi olwanele. Abantu abajwayelekile baphuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi eziyi-8 nsuku zonke. Iziguli ezinomdlavuza kufanele zinqume inani lamanzi okuphuza ngokohlelo lokwelashwa nesimo somzimba. Ukuphuza amanzi ashisayo noma afudumele kungasiza kakhulu.
(3) Ukuzivocavoca ngokulinganisela nsuku zonke. Iziguli ezinokuhamba okulinganiselwe zingakhetha ukwenza izivivinyo ezilula embhedeni noma esihlalweni. Iziguli ezinokuhamba okulula zingakhetha ukuhamba noma ukugibela imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-30 nsuku zonke.
(4) Qonda ulwazi lwezokwelapha futhi uphuze imithi ngokuya ngemithi kadokotela. Eminye imithi ingadala ukopha, ukutheleleka noma eminye imiphumela emibi.
Uhudo
Both anti-tumor therapy and the isisu itself may cause diarrhea or worsen diarrhea. Medications, infections and stress can also cause diarrhea. If the diarrhea is severe or lasts for a long time, the patient’s body cannot absorb enough water and nutrition, which may cause dehydration or malnutrition. Symptoms of dehydration, low sodium, and low potassium caused by diarrhea can be life-threatening. If dizziness or dizziness occurs, the urine is dark yellow or does not urinate, and the body temperature is higher than 38 ° C, the clinician will give treatment advice to the patient.
Amasu okuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene nohudo:
(1) Faka amanzi anele nsuku zonke. Iziguli ezinomdlavuza kufanele zinqume ukuphuza amanzi nsuku zonke ngokohlelo lokwelashwa nesimo somzimba. Ezigulini ezinesifo sohudo esibi, kufanelekile ukuphuza uketshezi olucacile (ngaphandle kwesikhunta) noma ukufaka amanzi ngemithambo.
(2) Yidla kancane bese udla kakhulu. Ukudla okuphezulu nge-potassium ne-sodium kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima besifo sohudo futhi kugweme ukuphuza iziphuzo ezingasibhebhethekisa isifo sohudo.
(3) Qinisekisa incwadi kadokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi ukuvimbela umuthi ongafanele.
(4) Gcina indawo yangasese ihlanzekile futhi yomile. Zama ukuhlanza ngama-wipe namanzi afudumele, noma ugeze ngamanzi afudumele.
Ukungaphatheki kahle komlomo nomphimbo
Anti-tumor treatment may cause discomfort in teeth, mouth and throat. Ikhanda nentamo radiotherapy may damage the salivary glands, causing difficulty chewing and swallowing. Chemotherapy and biological treatment may also damage the epithelial cells of the mouth, throat, and lips. Mouth and throat problems mainly include: changes in taste, dry mouth, infection, aphthous ulcers, oral mucositis (ulcers), sensitivity to heat and cold, difficulty swallowing, tooth decay, etc. Severe oral problems will lead to dehydration and malnutrition. If the patient has difficulty eating, drinking, or sleeping, or if the body temperature exceeds 38 ° C, ask the clinician to treat it in time.
Amasu wokuvimbela nokulawula izinkinga zomlomo:
(1) Ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo kuyenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwelashwa, futhi uma kunesidingo, amazinyo ayahlanzwa futhi alungiswe.
(2) Hlola umlomo nsuku zonke ukuthola izilonda noma i-leukoplakia bese uyihlanze ngesikhathi. Geza ngosawoti ofudumele nsuku zonke. Sebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile noma ukotini ukusula ngobumnene amazinyo akho, izinsini nolimi ngemuva kokudla nangaphambi kokulala. Gwema ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okususa amazinyo afana ne-floss angadala ukopha kalula.
(3) If you have aphthous ulcers or sore throats, try to choose soft, moist and easy-to-swallow foods, such as soup to soften dry foods. For the treatment of sore throat, you can choose lozenge or spray anesthesia to avoid irritating food such as tobacco and alcohol, too dry or salty and spicy.
(4) Umlomo owomile wandisa ingozi yokubola kwamazinyo nokutheleleka ngomlomo, ngakho-ke kudingeka amanzi anele. Sip, uhlafune ushingamu ongenashukela, noma usebenzise eminye imikhiqizo yamathe njalo ukugcina umlomo wakho umanzi.
(5) I-Radiotherapy ingaholela ekuguqulweni kokunambitheka okumnandi, okumuncu, okumunyu, okunosawoti, kanye nemithi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ingaletha ukuzwa komzimba wangaphandle ngomlomo kusuka kuma-chemical agents noma amalungiselelo wensimbi. Ukuze ushintshe ukunambitheka okwehlukile, khetha ukudla okukufanele. Izitsha ezibandayo zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukunambitheka.
I-nausea nokuhlanza
Isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuhlobene nokwelashwa ngamathumba kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo olulindelekile, uhlobo olunzima, nohlobo olubambezelekile. Ukulawula isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungasiza ekuvikeleni izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo, njengokungondleki kahle nokoma emzimbeni. Imithi yokulwa nesicanucanu noma i-antiemetic ingavimbela ngempumelelo noma iqede isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
Amasu okulawula isicanucanu nokuhlanza:
(1) Thatha izidakamizwa zokulwa nesicanucanu. Ezinye iziguli zidinga ukuthatha imishanguzo yokulwa nesicanucanu noma ngabe ayikho indlela ebabazekayo yokuhlanza. Uma umphumela womuthi ungemuhle, ungazama ukuxhumana nabasebenzi bezokwelapha ukuze ushintshe umuthi.
(2) Faka amanzi anele, njengejusi yezithelo, i-ginger ale, itiye noma iziphuzo zezemidlalo.
(3) Ungadli ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe kakhulu, okunoshukela noma okubabayo, zama ukudla ukudla noma izitsha ezibandayo ngaphandle kokunambitheka okumuncu.
(4) Naka amalungiselelo okudla ngosuku lokwelashwa bese uzama ukugwema ukudla noma ukuphuza kungakapheli ihora elilodwa ngaphambi nangemuva kokwelashwa.
(5) Zama ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezinjengokukhopa umuntu, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuluthwa ingqondo noma ezinye izindlela zokuphumula (ukulalela umculo, ukuzindla), njll.
Izincomo zokugcina ukudla okunethezeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-chemotherapy zingadala izilonda zomlomo, ezaziwa nangokuthi i-oral mucositis. Ukuze welaphe ngokushesha okukhulu, gwema ukudla okubabayo, utshwala nokudla okufudumele. Gcina umlomo wakho umanzi ngokuphuza iziphuzo eziningi usuku lonke. Kungasiza futhi ukugeza umlomo wakho ngamanzi anosawoti ngemuva kokudla.
Uhudo nokuhlanza lapho uthatha uketshezi oluncane kungadala ukoma. Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni zingafaka izindebe ezomile, amehlo acwile, ukuphuma okuncane komchamo (ophuzi omnyama lapho umchamo ugxilwe), nokungakwazi ukukhipha izinyembezi. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungakusiza ugweme ukoma.
Ukudla ukudla okushisa okujwayelekile esikhundleni sokudla okushisa kakhulu, ukuhlafuna uswidi we-ginger, noma ukuphuza i-mint noma itiye le-ginger kungasiza ukuvimbela isicanucanu. Kungcono ukugwema ukudla okunamafutha noma okuthosiwe nokudla okunephunga elinamandla.
Ngesikhathi samakhemikhali, ukudla ukudla okuncane kuvame ukuba ngcono kunokudla okuningi. Ukudla okumbalwa nokuningi njalo kungasiza isicanucanu.
Kuyasiza ku-m
hlala nochwepheshe obhalisiwe wezokudla nokudla okunempilo. Isazi sokudla singakusiza uxazulule izinkinga ezithile zokudla nezokudla ohlangane nazo ngesikhathi sokwelapha umdlavuza.
Isitatimende:
Okuqukethwe yile akhawunti yomphakathi kungokwokuxhumana nokubhekisa kuphela, hhayi njengesisekelo sokuxilongwa nokwelashwa, futhi yonke imiphumela edalwe yizenzo ezenziwe ngokuhambisana nalesi sihloko izothwalwa ngumenzi wobubi. Ngemibuzo yezokwelapha esezingeni elifanele, sicela uthintane nesikhungo sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe noma esiqeqeshiwe.
