Shaqaalaha caafimaadka adduunka oo dhan ayaa soo saaraya tallaalo antigen-ka bini'aadamka oo cusub, oo ay ku jiraan noocyo kala duwan oo ka hortagga kansarka iyo daweynta. Guji faahfaahinta: Iftiinka rajada soo afjarida kansarka-2019 liiska caalamiga ah ee tallaalkii ugu dambeeyay ee kansarka! (Daboolaya lix kansar oo waaweyn).
Immune cells (pink and red) attack buro cells (blue) that produce new antigens (blue and orange). Vaccines can help train immune cells to recognize new antigens.
Recently, scientists have developed a vaccine that can destroy the mutant cells made by Lynch syndrome (Lynch) DNA in mice, and may one day prevent people with the genetic disease Lynch syndrome from developing kansarka mindhicirka.
Daraasadu waxay soo warisay in qaabka jiirka ee Lynch Syndrome (Lynch), talaalka ugu yaraan ilaa afar antigens buro ay soo saari karto jawaab u gaar ah antigen, yareynta burooyinka mindhicirka, iyo hagaajinta badbaadada.
According to the data provided by the recent AACR annual meeting, this pre-human study shows that it is possible to develop a vaccine to prevent cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome.
Cudurka kansarka kansarka-Lynch syndrome
Lynch syndrome, commonly referred to as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is an inherited disease that may be caused by mutations in genes inherited from parents to children and increases the risk of many types of cancer , Including colon cancer, endometrial cancer, kansarka ugxansiduhu, gastric cancer, small intestine cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, brain cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Especially kansarka mindhicirka and rectal cancer. People with Lynch syndrome have a 70% to 80% risk of colorectal cancer.
Dalka Mareykanka, qiyaastii 140,000 kiis oo cusub oo kansarka malawadka ah ayaa la ogaadaa sanad kasta. Qiyaastii 3% ilaa 5% kansarradan waxaa sababa cudurka Lynch syndrome.
Tallaal looga hortago cudurka Lynch syndrome
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, bukaanada qaba Lynch syndrome waxay kaliya ka fogaan karaan kansarka mindhicirka iyada oo loo marayo baaris iyo ka hortag joogto ah. Asbiriin-yarida ayaa sidoo kale lagu muujiyay tijaabooyinka bukaan-socodka si loo yareeyo khatarta kansarka mindhicirka.
Talaalku wuxuu bixin karaa qaab kale oo macquul ah oo wax ku ool ah oo lagu joojiyo horumarka kansarka.
Dhawaan, cilmi baarayaashu waxay qaadeen tallaabo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan horumarinta tallaalada si looga hortago cudurka halista sare leh ee kansarka, Lynch syndrome (Lynch).
Seynisyahanno uu hogaaminayo Steven Cornkin, MD, oo ka tirsan Weill Cornell, ayaa ka warbixiyay natiijooyinka baaritaanka talaalka ka hortaga kansarka ee ay maalgeliso NCI-ka shirkii sanadlaha ahaa ee dhowaan ay yeesheen Ururka Cilmibaarista Kansarka ee Mareykanka. Marka la barbardhigo jiirka aan la tallaalin, tallaalkani wuxuu ka hortagey koritaanka burooyinka mindhicirka iyo kordhinta jiritaanka jiirka ee qaabka jiirka Lynch syndrome.
Baadhaha guud, Dr. Lipkin, iyo gudoomiye ku xigeenka cilmi baadhista ee Waaxda Daawada ee New York, ayaa qorshaynaya in la aqoonsado neoantigens-ka caadiga ah ee ku dhaca burooyinka hore ee xinjirowga bukaanka qaba cudurka Lynch syndrome. Mashruuca waxaa maalgeliyey Machadka Kansarka Qaranka (NCI) iyada oo loo sii mariyey shabakadda isbeddelka ka hortagga cudurka kansarka "Barnaamijka Sahaminta Dayaxa".
Dr. Lipkin wuxuu tilmaamay in haddii tijaabooyinka aadanaha ee talaalka ka hortagga kansarka ay horumar gaaraan, ay qaadanayso dhowr sano in la ogaado in ay waxtar leedahay iyo in kale.
Isla mar ahaantaana, kooxdiisu waxay adeegsaneysaa moodellada jiirka si ay si fiican ugu fahmaan sida tallaalku u shaqeeyo iyo sida unugyada kansarka sii kordhaya ay isaga caabbiyaan waxyeellooyinkiisa.
Soo helitaanka isbeddelada guud ee kansarka Lynch syndrome
Cudurka 'Lynch Syndrome' waxaa sababa is-beddelka hidde-wadaha, kaas oo ka hortagi kara hagaajinta khaladaadka DNA-da ee dhaca inta lagu jiro qaybinta unugyada. Khaladaadka noocan ah waxaa lagu magacaabaa cilladaha hagaajinta khaldan.
Tani waxay lamid tahay inaadan adeegsan hubaal higgaadeeyaha DNA. Difaacaas la'aan, khaladaadka DNA-du waxay ku ururayaan unugyada waxayna aakhirka horseedi karaan kansarro kala duwan.
Jajabyada DNA ee soo noqnoqda ee loo yaqaan microsatellites ayaa si gaar ah ugu nugul khaladaadka DNA-da. Burooyinka leh dayactirka khaldan ayaa aakhirka ku soo ururin doona isbedelada ku dhaca microsatellites-kan. Xaaladdan waxaa lagu magacaabaa xasillooni-darrada microsatelite.
Burooyinka aan xasilloonayn ee Microsatelite waxay soo saari karaan borotiinno cusub, oo loo yaqaan antigens cusub, kuwaas oo ah walxo shisheeye oo jidhka ah waxayna kicin karaan nidaamka difaaca jirka si ay u weeraraan unugyada sameeya borotiinadan.
Natiijo ahaan, cilmi baarayaashu waxay heleen macluumaad muhiim ah. Burooyinka lagu sameeyay dadka qaba cudurka Lynch syndrome badanaa waxay leeyihiin isla isbeddellada microsatelite-ka, sida 60% ilaa 80% dadka qaba kansarka malawadka oo leh cillad dayactir la'aan ah. Waxaa jiri doona isbadal microsatelite gaar ah hiddo-wadaha TGFBR2.
Kobcinta iyo hagaajinta tallaalada kansarka
Sannadkii 2011, cilmi-baarayaal ka socda Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Kansarka Qaranka ee Heidelberg, Jarmalka, ayaa bilaabay tijaabooyin caafimaad oo ku saabsan tallaallada cusub ee antigen ee loogu talagalay dadka qaba kansarka mindhicirka iyo saxaro-ba'an. Bukaanadani waxay leeyihiin xasillooni darro microsatelite sare ah.
Ugu horreyntii, saynisyahannadu waxay DNA ka raadiyeen 32 burooyinka mindhicirka kala-baxa ah ee laga helay qaabka jiirka ee Lynch syndrome waxayna aqoonsadeen 13 isbadal guud.
Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay markaa isticmaaleen algorithm si ay u saadaaliyaan nooca is-beddelka la wadaagayo ee soo saari doona antigens cusub, ugu dambayntiina waxay aqoonsadeen 10 nooc. Markii ay ku durayeen 10-kan antigens-ka cusub jiirka, afar ka mid ah waxay kiciyeen jawaab celin xoog leh.
Afartan antijiin ee cusub ayaa la isku daray si ay u soo saaraan tallaal jiir ah. Waxay ogaadeen in adeegsiga talaalada iyo wax lagu daro ee qaabka jiirka ee cudurka Lynch ay yareyn karto horumarka burooyinka mindhicirka oo sii dheeraanaya.
"Tani waa mid ka mid ah tallaalada ugu horreeya ee ka hortagga kansarka iyadoo la adeegsanayo antigens cusub oo laga yaabo inay ka dhalan karaan cilladaha dayactirka ee DNA-da," ayuu yiri Dr. Umar.
Marka xigta, cilmi baarayaashu waxay go'aamiyeen in iskudarka tallaalka iyo daaweynta kale ay hagaajin karto waxtarkiisa. Tusaale ahaan, Naas-nuujinta, oo badanaa la isticmaalo xanuunka, ayaa la muujiyey inay ka sarreyso asbiriin ama xakameynta yareynta horumarinta burooyinka mindhicirka ee moodellada jiirka. Naproxen sidoo kale waxay umuuqataa inay xoojinayso waxtarka tallaalka. Jiirka lagu daweeyey tallaalka oo lagu daray naproxen wuxuu noolaa in ka badan jiirkii la talaalay kaligiis ama la tallaalay asbiriin. Unugyada difaaca jirka ee tallaalka oo lagu daray naproxen group ayaa si fiican u awooday inay aqoonsadaan tallaalka cusub ee antigen marka loo eego jiirka ku jira tallaalka keligiis ama tallaalka oo lagu daray kooxda asbiriin.
Ugu Dambeyn
Dadka qaba Lynch syndrome waxay noqon doonaan musharixiinta tallaalka ka hortagga kansarka, Haddii la horumariyo.
Tilmaamaha NCCN ee hadda jira waxay ku talinayaan in la baaro xasillooni-darrada microsatellite ee dadka qaba kansarka mindhicirka iyo kansarka endometrial. Haddii baaritaanka burada bukaanku ay u wanaagsan tahay xasilloonida microsatellite, waxaa lagu talinayaa in laga baaro Lynch syndrome. Haddii lagu ogaado cudurka Lynch syndrome, waxaa lagula talinayaa in la tijaabiyo qaraabada darajada koowaad ee bukaanka si looga hortago in ay dhacdo.
Waxaa lagula talinayaa in kooxaha halista badan laga baari karo hiddo-wadaha u nuglaanta hiddo-wadaha burooyinka. Noocyada gaarka ah ee baaritaanka, fadlan la tasho Waaxda Caafimaadka ee Shabakadda Caalamiga ah ee Oncologist (400-666-7998), oo xulo ku saleysan taariikhda qoyska ee gaarka ah iyo sababaha halista:
- Kansarka hiddo-wadaha u nuglaanta hiddo-wadaha (wadar ahaan 139 hiddo-wadaha):
- Wuxuu daboolayaa hiddo-wadaha 139 ee hiddo-wadaha aadanaha ee hidde ahaan la xiriira kansarka, oo ku lug leh 20 nooc oo kansar ah iyo 70 nooc oo hiddo-wadaha la xiriira kansarka
- Baadhitaanka hiddo-wadaha u nuglaanta hiddo-wadaha (23 hiddo-wadaha guud):
- Waxay ku lug leedahay 8 nooc oo kansar halis sare ah iyo 14 nooc oo hiddo-wadaha guud ah
- Tijaabada hidda-socodka hiddo-wadaha kansarka (18 hiddo-wadaha haweenka):
- Waxay ku lug leedahay 3 nooc oo burooyinka dumarka ee halista sare leh iyo 5 nooc oo ah cilladaha hidde-sideyaasha ee la xiriira
- Kansarka hiddo-wadaha u nuglaanta hiddo-wadaha (hiddo-wadaha 17 ee habka dheef-shiidka):
- Waxay ku lug leedahay 5 nooc oo ah burooyinka marinka dheef-shiidka khatarta sare leh iyo 8 nooc oo cilladaha hidde-wadaha la xiriira
- Kansarka naasaha + breast cancer: BRCA1 / 2 gene
- Kansarka mindhicirka: 17 hiddo-wadaha
- Dhamaan burooyinka: 44 hiddo-wadaha
