Cancer Cancer

Waa maxay kansarka tayroodh?

Unugyada qanjirka tayroodhka, qanjidhada balanbaaliga u samaysan ee saldhiga laf dhabartaada, wax yar ka hooseeya tufaaxa Aadam, waxa ka soo baxa kansarka qanjirka tayroodhka. Hormoonnada xakameynaya garaaca wadnahaaga, cadaadiska dhiiggaaga, heerkulka jidhkaaga iyo miisaankaaga waxaa sii daaya tayroodhkaaga.

Kansarka qanjirka thyroid waxaa laga yaabaa inuusan marka hore keenin wax calaamado ah. Laakin waxay keeni kartaa xanuun iyo barar qoortaada marka ay soo baxdo. Noocyo badan oo kansarka qanjirka thyroid ah ayaa dhaca. Qaar si tartiib tartiib ah ayey u kordhayaan qaarna waxay noqon karaan kuwo aad u dagaal badan. Daawaynta, badi noocyada kansarka qanjirka tayroodh waa la daweyn karaa.

Waxay u muuqataa in heerarka kansarka tayroodh ay kor u kacayaan. Dhakhaatiirta qaar ayaa ku andacoonaya in tani ay tahay sababtoo ah tignoolajiyada casriga ahi waxay ka caawisaa inay ogaadaan kansarrada yaryar ee qanjidhada thyroid kuwaas oo aan la ogaan karin wakhti hore.

Waa maxay astaamaha kansarka tayroodh?

Badanaa, kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' ma keeno wax calaamado ama astaamo ah bilowga jirrada. Maaddaama kansarka tayroodhku soo baxo, wuxuu sababi karaa:

• Buruq (nodule) oo laga dareemi karo maqaarka qoorta
• Isbedelada codkaaga, oo ay kujirto xabeeb sii kordhaya
• Dhibaato liqid
• Xanuun qoorta iyo cunaha ah
• Qanjirada qanjirada bararsan ee qoortaada

Waa maxay noocyada kansarka tayroodhku?

Based on the kinds of cells present in the buro, thyroid cancer is categorized into forms. When a sample of tissue from your cancer is studied under a microscope, your form is determined. In deciding the condition and prognosis, the type of thyroid cancer is considered.

Noocyada kansarka tayroodh waxaa ka mid ah:

• Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid', nooca ugu badan ee kansarka tayroodhka, wuxuu ka yimaadaa unugyada follicular ee ku jira kuna kaydiya hormoonnada tayroodhka. Waxa jiri kara kansarka qanjirka 'papillary thyroid' da 'kasta, laakiin wuxuu inta badan ku dhacaa dadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 30 iyo 50. Papillary thyroid iyo follicular thyroid cancer badanaa waxaa si wada jir ah ugu gudbiya dhakhaatiirtu inay kala duwan yihiin kansarka tayroodhka.
• Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' Kansarka qanjirka 'follicular thyroid' sidoo kale wuxuu ka yimaadaa unugyada qanjirka 'thyroid follicular'. Waxay caadi ahaan ku dhacdaa dadka ka weyn da'da 50 sano. Kansarka unugga Hurthle waa nooc ka mid ah kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid follicular cancer' oo aan caadi ahayn oo laga yaabo inuu ka dagaal badan yahay.
• Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' Nooca aan caadiga ahayn ee kansarka tayroodhka ee ka bilaabma unugyada follicular waa kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid'. Si dhakhso ah ayuu u korayaa oo aad u adag in la maareeyo. Badanaa, kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' wuxuu ku dhacaa dadka da'doodu tahay 60 ama ka weyn.
• Medullary kansarka tayroodhka: In thyroid cells called C cells, which make the hormone calcitonin, medullary thyroid cancer starts. At a very early stage, high levels of calcitonin in the blood can suggest medullary thyroid cancer. The risk of medullary thyroid cancer is increased by some genetic syndromes, although this genetic relation is rare.
• Noocyada kale ee dhifka ah: Qanjirka 'Thyroid lymphoma', which starts in the immune system cells of the thyroid, and thyroid sarcoma, which begins in the connective tissue cells of the thyroid, are other very rare forms of cancer that begin in the thyroid.

Maxay yihiin waxyaabaha halista u ah kansarka tayroodhka?

Waxyaabaha kordhin kara halista kansarka tayroodhka waxaa ka mid ah:

• Galmada dumarka: Waxay ku badan tahay dumarka markaa ragga.
• Soo-gaadhista heerarka sare ee shucaaca: Radiation therapy treatments to the head and neck increase the risk of thyroid cancer.
• Ciladaha hiddo-wadaha qaarkood ee la iska dhaxlo: Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid medullary thyroid', endocrine neoplasia badan, Cowden's syndrome iyo qoyska adenomatous polyposis waxaa ka mid ah cilladaha hidde-sideyaasha ee kordhiya halista kansarka tayroodhka.

Cilad-

Tijaabooyinka iyo habraacyada loo adeegsado baaritaanka kansarka tayroodhka waxaa ka mid ah:

• Imtixaanka jirka: Si aad u dareento isbeddelada jirka ee qanjirkaaga, sida qanjira tayroodhka, dhakhtarkaaga ayaa baari doona cunahaaga. Isaga ama iyada ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa inay wax ka weydiiyaan waxyaabaha halista kuu ah, sida shucaac hore u soo gaadhay iyo taariikhda qoyska ee burooyinka tayroodhka.
• Tijaabooyinka dhiigga: Tijaabooyinka dhiiggu waxay gacan ka geystaan ​​go'aaminta haddii qanjirka 'thyroid' uu si caadi ah u shaqeynayo.
• Sawirka Ultrasound: Si loo soo saaro matalaadda qaabdhismeedka jirka, ultrasound wuxuu adeegsadaa hirarka dhawaaqa soo noqnoqda. Soo-saaraha 'ultrasound transducer' ayaa la saarayaa qoortaada hoose si uu u soo saaro sawirka qanjirka 'thyroid'. Joogitaanka tayroodhka 'ultrasound' wuxuu u oggolaanayaa takhtarkaaga inuu go'aansado haddii ay suurta gal tahay in qanjirka 'thyroid nodule' uusan lahayn kansar (benign) ama haddii ay suurtagal tahay inuu kansar leeyahay.
• Ka qaadista saamiga unugyada tayroodhka: Dhakhtarkaaga ayaa irbad dhuuban oo dheer ku dhejinaya maqaarka iyo qanjidhada qanjirka 'thyroid' inta lagu jiro baaritaanka qanjirka 'irbadda ganaax-cirbadda fiican. Ultrasound imaging waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu toosiyo cirbadda iyada oo loo marayo saluugga si sax ah. Cirbadda ayaa dhakhtarkaagu u adeegsadaa inuu ku soo saaro shay-baarka unugyada tayroodh ee shakisan. Shaybaarka, shaybaarka ayaa lagu falanqeynayaa si looga hubiyo unugyada kansarka.
• Imtixaannada kale ee sawir qaadista: To help your doctor decide if the cancer has spread beyond the thyroid, you might have one or more imaging tests. CT, MRI and nuclear imaging tests that use a radioactive source of iodine may involve imaging tests.
• Tijaabada hidaha Isbedelada hidaha ee lala xiriiri karo kansarrada kale ee loo yaqaan 'endocrine cancer' ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku dhacaan dadka qaar oo qaba kansarka qanjirka 'medullary thyroid'. Taariikhda qoyskaaga ayaa ku kicin kara dhaqtarkaaga inuu raadsado hiddo-wadeyaal kordhiya halista kansarka adiga oo soo jeedinaya baaritaanka hidda-sidaha.

Ka Hortagga

Ma jiraan sababo cad oo halis u ah dadka badankood ee qaba kansarka tayroodhka, laakiin kiisaska badankood ee cudurkan lama iska ilaalin karo. Waa suurtogal in la sameeyo baaritaanka hidda-socodka si loo raadiyo is-beddelka hidda-wadaha ee kansarka qanjirka 'medullary thyroid cancer' (MTC). Tan awgeed, adoo ka saaraya qanjirka 'thyroid', kiisaska ugu badan ee qoysaska ee MTC waa laga hortagi karaa ama la qaban karaa goor hore. Xubnaha qoyska intiisa kale waa laga baari karaa hidda-wadaha isbeddelay illaa inta cudurka laga helayo qoyska.

Turmeric waxay u muuqataa inay leedahay saameyn faa'iido leh oo ku saabsan ka hortagga kansarka thyroid. 

Maxay yihiin fursadaha daaweynta kansarka tayroodh?

Qalliinka

Si loo soo saaro qanjirka tayroodhka, badi shakhsiyaadka qaba kansarka tayroodhka ayaa qalliin lagu sameeyaa. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca kansarka tayroodhka, xajmiga kansarka, haddii kansarku uu ku faafay meelo ka baxsan tayroodhka iyo natiijada baaritaanka ultrasound ee qanjidhada tayroodhka oo dhan, qaliinka dhakhtarkaagu kuu qori karo.

Hawlgallada loo isticmaalo daryeelka kansarka qanjirka thyroid waxaa ka mid ah:

• Ka qaadida dhammaan ama inta badan qanjirka 'thyroid' (thyroidectomy): Ka saarida dhamaan unugyada tayroodh (wadarta thyroidectomy) ama unugyada tayroodhka badankood waxay u baahan karaan qalliin si looga saaro qanjirka 'thyroid' (kudhowaad wadarta guud ee thyroidectomy). Si loo yareeyo halista waxyeellada qanjidhada parathyroid, oo gacan ka geysanaya xakameynta heerarka kaalshiyamka ee dhiiggaaga, dhakhtarka qalliinka ayaa sidoo kale ka tagaya geesaha yaryar ee unugyada tayroodh ee ku wareegsan qanjidhada parathyroid.
• Ka qaadista qayb ka mid ah qanjirka 'thyroid' (qanjirka 'thyroid'): Dhakhtar qalliin ayaa soo saara kalabar tayroodhka inta lagu jiro qanjirka 'thyroid lobectomy'. Haddii aad ku leedahay tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib tartiib ah oo ku yaal hal gobol oo ka mid ah qanjirka 'thyroid' oo aan lahayn qanjira aan caadi ahayn qaybaha kale ee tayroodhka, waa la soo jeedin karaa.
• Ka saarida qanjidhada qanjirada qoorta (qanjirada qanjirada) Dhakhtarka qalliinka ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa inuu soo saaro qanjidhada qanjirada ee ku dhow qoorta markii uu soo saarayo qanjirka 'thyroid'. Waa suurtagal in laga baaro kuwan calaamadaha kansarka.

Qaliinka qanjirka tayroodhku wuxuu xambaarsan yahay halis dhiig-bax iyo caabuq. Inta lagu jiro qaliinka, dhaawaca qanjidhada parathyroid-kaaga ayaa sidoo kale dhici kara, taas oo keeni karta heerarka calcium ee jidhkaaga oo hooseeya.

Waxa kale oo jirta in qalliinka ka dib, neerfayaasha ku dheggan xadhkaha codku aanay si caadi ah u shaqayn karin, taas oo keeni karta curyaan ku yimaadda xudunta codka, xabeeb, isbeddel xagga hadalka ah ama neefsashada oo adkaata. Daawadu waxay kor u qaadi kartaa dhibaatooyinka neerfaha ama dib u celin kartaa.

Daaweynta hoormoonka tayroodhka

Waxaad qaadan kartaa hormoonka tayroodhka daawada levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid, kuwa kale nolosha ka dib thyroidectomy.

Daawadani waxay leedahay laba faa'iidooyin: waxay bixisaa hoormoonka maqan ee tayroodhku sida caadiga ah dhalin doono oo uu xakameeyo qanjirka pituitary-ga ee hormoonka tayroodh-kicinta (TSH). Sida macquulka ah, heerarka sare ee TSH waxay dhiirigelin karaan unugyada kansarka ee hadhay inay ballaariyaan.

Iodine shucaac leh

Daawaynta leh iodine radioaktiv waxay u baahan tahay qiyaaso badan oo il shucaac ah oo iodine ah.

Si loo dilo wax kasta oo hadhaa ah unug caafimaad qaba qanjidhada tayroodh, iyo sidoo kale meelaha aadka u yar ee kansarka tayroodhka ee aan la saarin intii lagu jiray qaliinka, daawaynta iodine radioactive ayaa sidoo kale la isticmaalaa tayroodhectomy ka dib. Kansarka qanjirka 'thyroid' ee soo noqda daawaynta ka dib ama ku fida qaybaha kale ee jidhka ayaa sidoo kale lagu daweyn karaa daawaynta iodine radioactive.

Daawaynta iodine radioactive waxay ku timaadaa kaabsal ama dareere aad liqdo. Unugyada tayroodhka iyo unugyada kansarka tayroodh waxay inta badan qaataan iodine radioactive, laakiin waxa jirta fursad hoose oo ay unugyada kale ee jidhka ku waxyeeloobaan.

Dhibaatooyinka soo raaca waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• afka oo qalala
• Af xanuun
• Indho barar
• Dareenka ama urta oo la beddelay
• Daal

Maalmaha ugu horreeya ee daaweynta ka dib, badanka iodine-ka shucaaca leh ayaa jidhkaaga uga baxa kaadidaada. Si aad uga ilaaliso dadka kale shucaaca, waxaa lagu siin doonaa tilmaamo taxaddar ah oo aad u baahan tahay inaad qaaddo muddadaas. Waxaa lagaa codsan karaa, tusaale ahaan, inaad si ku meelgaar ah uga fogaato xiriir dhow oo lala yeesho shaqsiyaadka kale, gaar ahaan carruurta iyo haweenka uurka leh.

Daaweynta shucaaca dibedda

Dawaynta shucaaca waxa kale oo lagu samayn karaa dibadda iyada oo la isticmaalayo nidaam diiradda saaraya laydhka tamarta sare ee meelo gaar ah oo jidhka ah, sida raajada iyo protons (daaweynta shucaaca dibadda). Inta lagu jiro daawaynta waxaad weli dul jiiftaa miis inta uu kombiyuuterku ka shaqaynayo hareerahaaga.

Haddii qalliinku aanu ahayn ikhtiyaar oo kansarku sii wado inuu soo baxo ka dib daaweynta shucaaca iodine-ka, daaweynta shucaaca iftiinka ee dibadda ayaa lagu talin karaa. Haddii ay jirto fursad sare oo uu kansarku soo noqonayo, daawaynta ilaysku waxa kale oo la qori karaa qalliinka ka dib.

Daaweynta kiimikada ee kansarka tayroodhka

Chemotherapy waa daawaynta dawada baabi'isa unugyada kansarka iyadoo la isticmaalayo kiimikooyin. Caadi ahaan, kemotherabi waxa lagu bixiyaa xididka sida faleebo ahaan. Kiimikooyinku waxay ku wareegaan jidhkaaga oo dhan, waxayna dilaan unugyada, oo ay ku jiraan unugyada kansarka, kuwaas oo si degdeg ah u koraya.

Daawaynta kansarka qanjirka tayroodh, kiimoterabiga si weyn looma isticmaalo, inkasta oo inta badan loo qoro dadka qaba kansarka tayroodhka anaplastic. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isku daro kiimoterabiga iyo daaweynta shucaaca.

Daaweynta daroogada la beegsado

Daawaynta mukhaadaraadka ee la bartilmaameedsaday waxay xooga saaraysaa isbedelada gaarka ah ee unugyada kansarka ee jira. Daawaynta mukhaadaraadka ee la beegsaday waxay sababi kartaa in unugyada kansarka ay dhintaan iyagoo xannibaya cilladahan.

Daawaynta dawada kansarka qanjirka tayroodh ee la bartilmaameedsaday waxay wax ka qabataa calaamadaha u sheega unugyada kansarka inay koraan oo kala qaybiyaan. Caadi ahaan, waxa loo isticmaalaa kansarka qanjirka tayroodh ee sareeyo.

Ku duritaanka aalkolada kansarka

Si loo hubiyo meelaynta saxda ah ee cirbadeynta, ka-soo-saaridda aalkolada waxay ku lug leedahay in lagu mudo kansarrada qanjidhada yar yar ee khamriga iyadoo la adeegsanayo sawirka sida ultrasound Daaweyntani waxay keentaa kansarrada qanjirka 'thyroid' inay yaraadaan. Haddii kansarkaagu aad u yar yahay, qalliinkuna aanu ahayn ikhtiyaar, ka-goynta khamriga ayaa ikhtiyaar ah. Badanaa waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa qalliinka ka dib si loo daaweeyo kansarka ku soo noqda qanjidhada qanjirada.