Kaayaan kanker payudara
Kira-kira unggal 10-12% pasien kanker payudara di dunya aya di India, sareng ampir dua per tilu pasien didiagnosis kanker maju dina waktos diagnosis. Para ahli nganalisa yén kedah aya 50,000 dugi ka 60,000 penderita kanker payudara HER2-positip di India, sareng kirang ti 20% pasien anu dikonfirmasi nampi perlakuan anti-HER2. "Ieu hartosna langkung ti 80% pasien henteu nampi perawatan anu ditargetkeun, sareng kasempetan perawatan anu pangsaéna leungit."
According to the data, when receiving targeted therapy based on chemotherapy, the risk of recurrence of HER2-positive kanker payudara patients was reduced by about 40%, the risk of death was reduced by nearly 30%, and the ten-year survival rate was increased by more than 8%. At present, the treatment of breast cancer has entered the era of individualized and precise treatment. However, due to different detection levels and analysis levels, different testing institutions in China will give different test results, which will greatly affect the treatment results of patients.
Panilitian kanker payudara
Numutkeun kana hasil "JAMA Oncology" Universitas Washington, para ahli Amérika percaya: "Papanggihan kami nunjukkeun yén hasil tés genetik tiasa béda-béda sacara signifikan, gumantung kana tés anu dianggo ku pasien." Ahli Jaringan Onkologi Global percaya yén pasien Lembaga uji genetik anu dipilih tiasa mastikeun katepatan hasil tés saloba mungkin, katepatan analisa ubar klinis, sareng ngahindarkeun bédana dina hasil perawatan.
Dina 2007, anu Amérika Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ngumumkeun yén kanker payudara 21 tés gén kudu dianggap pikeun penderita kanker payudara mimiti anu positif pikeun reséptor éstrogén sarta teu nyebarkeun titik limfa salila ngembangkeun rencana perlakuan kanker payudara. Sistem Pusat Kanker Nasional (NCCN) nyarankeun panggunaan tés gén kanker payudara 21 dina pedoman pengobatan kanker payudara 2008 na.
Breast cancer 21 gene test refers to the detection of the expression levels of 21 different genes in breast cancer tumor tissues, including 16 breast cancer-related genes and 5 reference genes. This test can provide individualized prediction of treatment effects and 10-year risk of recurrence. prediction. By detecting 21 genes and observing their interactions to determine tumor characteristics, the breast cancer recurrence index and the benefit ratio of chemotherapy can be predicted.
Breast cancer 21 gene test is mainly applicable to newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who are in stage I or II, positive for estrogen receptor, negative for lymph node metastasis, and will be treated with tamoxifen. After menopause, patients with aggressive lymphoma who are positive for lymph nodes and estrogen receptors can also use the 21 gene test to determine the benefit of chemotherapy.
Precision perlakuan pikeun kanker payudara
Kanker payudara sanes panyakit tunggal. Sacara umum, kanker payudara tiasa dibagi kana opat jinis: LuminalA, LuminalB, HER2 positip, sareng triple négatip dumasar kana indikator anu béda sapertos ER, PR, HER2, sareng Ki67. Luminal A sareng Luminal B mangrupikeun subtipe molekular paling umum tina kanker payudara, ngitung langkung ti 60% tina sadaya kanker payudara, sareng gaduh prognosis anu saé. Prognosis pikeun HER2 positip sareng triple négatip kawilang goréng. Diantarana, kanker payudara HER2-positip mangrupikeun subtipe kanker payudara anu bahaya pisan, sareng sakitar 20% -30% pasien kanker payudara HER2-positip. Nurutkeun kana genotyping kanker payudara, manggihan perlakuan luyu jeung ubar sasaran.
Ubar anu dituju pikeun kanker payudara
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) diluncurkeun dina 1998 sareng gaduh pangaruh anu hadé pikeun seueur pasien kanker payudara anu positif HER2. Hasil uji klinis nunjukkeun yén terapi adjuvant trastuzumab tiasa sacara efektif sareng efektif ngirangan résiko kambuh, ngajantenkeun langkung seueur Pasén HER2 anu ngagaduhan kauntungan kanker payudara awal anu positif langkung ti 10 taun. Lapatinib (Tykerb) Lapatinib mangrupikeun inhibitor tirosin kinase lisan anu tiasa malikkeun anu ngahambat reséptor faktor pertumbuhan épidermal sél tumor (EGFR, HER1) sareng HER2 tirosin fosfat Pangaruh nyata langkung saé tibatan ubar anu ngan ukur ngahambat salah sahiji target. Ubar ieu mangrupikeun ubar sasaran molekular kadua anu disatujuan pikeun pamasaran kanker payudara saatos trastuzumab, utamina pikeun pengobatan kanker payudara maju. Bevacizumab (ngaran dagang Avastin) Antibodi monoklonal manusiawi rekombinan anu ngahalangan kagiatan biologis anu dimédiasi VEGF ku cara ngariung sacara kompetitif ka reséptor VEGF kalayan faktor pertumbuhan endothelial vaskular (VEGF), ku kituna ngahambat Mitosis endothelial sél ngirangan neovascularization tumor sareng ngahontal pangaruh ngahambat pertumbuhan tumor. . Ieu mangrupikeun ubar munggaran anu disatujuan pikeun ngahambat angiogenesis tumor. Lenatinib (Neratinib / Noratinib) mangrupikeun inhibitor HER1,2 sareng 4 lisan anu teu tiasa dibalikkeun. Afatinib Afatinib mangrupikeun ubar molekul leutik lisan anu gaduh épék ngahambat anu teu tiasa malik kana HER1,2 sareng 4.
