Kansarka caloosha ayaa sii kordhaya
Kansarka caloosha ayaa weli ah mid ka mid ah kansarka ugu badan ee dilaaga ah adduunka oo dhan, gaar ahaan ragga waaweyn. Iyada oo ku saleysan xogta GLOBOCAN 2018, kansarka caloosha waa 5th neoplasm-ka ugu caansan iyo 3-dard kansarka ugu dilaaga badan, oo lagu qiyaaso dhimashada 783,000 ee sanadka 2018. Dhacdooyinka iyo dhimashada kansarka caloosha ayaa si aad ah u kaladuwan gobol ahaan waxayna aad ugu tiirsan tahay cuntada iyo Pylori Helicobacter caabuq Iyada oo ku tilaabsanaysa kahortaga iyo daweynta H. pylori Infekshanku wuxuu hoos u dhigay guud ahaan dhacdooyinka kansarka caloosha, waxay sidoo kale gacan ka geysteen kordhinta dhacdooyinka kansarka caloosha, nooc yar oo ka mid ah neoplasm-ka oo ku koray 7-laab tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Faham fiican oo ku saabsan etiology-ka iyo arrimaha halista u ah cudurka ayaa gacan ka geysan kara in la gaaro is afgarad ku saabsan soo dhowaanshaha H. pylori caabuq. Wax ka beddelka cuntada, joojinta sigaarka, iyo jimicsiga ayaa ballan qaadaya ka hortagga kansarka caloosha, halka baaritaanka hidde-sidaha uu awood u siinayo ogaanshaha hore oo sidaas darteed badbaado weyn.
Waxaa jira daawooyin cusub oo kansarka caloosha ah sanadka 2020. Waxaa jira dhacdooyin sare oo kansarka caloosha ku dhaca adduunka oo sanad walba sii kordha. Heerka ogaanshaha bukaanka qaba kansarka caloosha hore waa kaliya 5% -10%. Bukaannada badankood waxaa lagu ogaadaa inay ku jiraan marxaladda dhexe ama dambe sababtoo ah marxaladda hore ee kansarka caloosha ma ahan calaamado muuqda.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kansarka caloosha ma aha cudur aan laga bogsan karin. Iyadoo horumarka degdega ah ee daaweynta la beegsanayo iyo daaweynta difaaca jirka, bukaannada kansarka caloosha ayaa raba inay gaaraan badbaadada muddada dheer hadda dhib ma aha. Qalliinka iyo daawaynta shucaaca ka sokow, daawaynta maandooriyaha waxaa ka mid ah kiimoteraabi, daawaynta la beegsaday, iyo daawaynta difaaca jirka.
Dawooyinka kiimikada ee kansarka caloosha
Chemotherapy waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarka caloosha siyaabo kala duwan:
Dawooyin badan oo kiimiko ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarka caloosha, oo ay ka mid yihiin:
5-FU (fluorouracil) badanaa waxaa lagu daraa formyltetrahydrofolate (folate)
6-Capecitabine (Xeloda®)
Kaarbootiin
Cisplatin
Docetaxel (Tassodi®)
Epirubicin (Ellence®)
Irinotecan (Capto®)
Oxaliplatin (Losadine®)
Paclitaxel (Taxol®)
Dawooyinka chemotherapy ee kansarka caloosha waxaa badanaa lagu bixiyaa dawooyin isku dhafan, oo ay ku jiraan:
ECF (epirubicin, cisplatin iyo 5-FU) waa la siin karaa qalliinka ka hor iyo ka dib
Docetaxel ama paclitaxel oo lagu daray 5-FU ama capecitabine, oo lagu daro shucaaca daaweynta oo ah daaweyn hore
Cisplatin oo lagu daray 5-FU ama capecitabine, oo ay weheliso shucaac daaweyn ah daaweyn hore
Paclitaxel iyo karboplatin daaweyn shucaac ah oo isku dhafan ayaa ah daaweyn qalliin ka hor
Kansarka caloosha ku dhaca ayaa lala beegsaday dawooyinka
HER2
Qiyaastii 20% bukaanada ayaa muujiya borotiinka HER2 kaas oo kor u qaada korriinka kansarka, iyo horjoogayaasha bartilmaameedsanaya borotiinkeeda 2 ayaa ka hortagaya koritaanka epidermal ee bini'aadamka inay ku xirmaan Her2 iyagoo isku dhejinaya Her2, taas oo xannibaysa koritaanka unugyada kansarka. Waxaa loola dhaqmi karaa sida hal daroogo, ama lagu daro dhowr dawooyin lid ku ah HER2, ama lagu daro dawooyinka kiimoterabiga.
Trastuzumab (trastuzumab, Herceptin)
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) waa unug monoclonal antibody ah oo bartilmaameedsada borotiinka HER2. Daaweynta kiimikada ee loo yaqaan 'trastuzumab' waxay ka caawin kartaa bukaanada qaba HER2-kansarka caloosha ee horumarsan inay ka cimri dheer yihiin kemotherabi oo keliya.
Ontruzant (trastuzumab-dttb)
Janaayo 18, 2019, US FDA waxay ansixisay Samsung Bioepis 'Ontruzant (trastuzumab-dttb), biosimilar of trastuzumab (trastuzumab) ee daawaynta HER2 Kansarka naasaha ee togan iyo HER2 kansarka caloosha oo aad u kacsan.
Talo: Kahor intaadan isticmaalin daroogada, fadlan abaabulo baaritaanka si loo go'aamiyo muujinta borotiinka HER2. Waxaad wici kartaa 400-626-9916 si aad ugala tashato baaritaanka hidda-sidaha.
VEGFR
Markuu jidhku horumariyo oo uu koro, wuxuu sameeyaa xididdada dhiigga ee cusub oo dhiig u siiya dhammaan unugyada, hab loo yaqaan angiogenesis. Marka xididdada dhiigga ee cusub ay siiyaan oksijiin iyo nafaqooyinka unugyada kansarka, waxay ka caawiyaan koritaanka iyo faafidda unugyada kansarka.
Xannibaadayaasha Angiogenesis waxay caawiyaan kahortagga ama gaabinta koritaanka ama faafidda burooyinka iyadoo laga hortagayo burooyinka inay sameystaan xididdada dhiigga ee cusub, taasoo keenta burooyinka inay dhintaan ama joojiyaan koritaanka maxaa yeelay ma heli karaan oksijiinta iyo nafaqooyinka ay u baahan yihiin. Ka-hortagayaashu waxay ku shaqeeyaan iyaga oo ka horjoogsada soo-saareyaasha koritaanka xididdada xididdada dhiigga (VEGF) unugyada kansarka.
Ramucirumab (Remolucumab, Cyramza®)
Ramucirumab waa unug antibiyootiko monoclonal ah oo kuxiran qaataha VEGF wuxuuna kaa caawin karaa gaabis ama joojinta koritaanka iyo faafida kansarka. Sannadkii 2014, dawadan ayaa loo oggolaaday daaweynta kansarka caloosha iyo kansarka gaaska, laakiin hadda lagama helo Shiinaha.
Immunotherapy kansarka caloosha
Immunotherapy waxay ujeedadeedu tahay inay xoojiso awoodda dabiiciga ah ee habka difaaca bukaanka si loola dagaallamo kansarka. Immunotherapy si toos ah uma bartilmaameedsado unugyada kansarka ee jirka bini'aadamka, laakiin waxay tababartaa habka difaaca jirka ee dabiiciga ah ee qofka si loo aqoonsado unugyada kansarka oo si xushmad leh loo bartilmaameedsado loona dilo.
Pembrolizumab (Pembrolizumab, Keytruda)
FDA waxay u ogolaatay pembrolizumab bukaanada qaba kansarka caloosha sare ee helay ugu yaraan 2 daweyn (oo ay ku jiraan kiimoterabiga) ee daaweynta bukaanada leh soo noqnoqda gudaha hore ama isgoysyada gastric gastric ama gastroesophageal (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, kaas oo muujinaya burada PD-L1 [Dhibcaha Togan (CPS) ≥1], oo lagu go'aamiyay baaritaan ay ansixisay FDA. Horumaray ka dib laba ama in ka badan oo daawaynta kiimiko ah oo ay ku jiraan fluoropyrimidine iyo platinum, ama HER2/neu daawaynta la beegsaday. Intaa waxaa dheer, natiijooyinka baaritaanka hidda-socodka ee MSI-H ayaa sidoo kale lagu dabaqi karaa bukaannada kansarka caloosha.
