cutar sankarar mahaifa
Menene cutar kansa?
Menene cutar kansa?
Cutar sankarar mahaifa na faruwa ne yayin da kwayoyi suka canza a bakin mahaifa na mace, wanda ke hada mahaifa da farjinta. Wannan ciwon daji na iya shafar zurfin ƙwayoyin mahaifa kuma yana iya yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jikinta (metastasize), sau da yawa huhu, hanta, mafitsara, farji, da dubura.
Yawancin lokuta na cutar sankarar mahaifa na faruwa ne ta hanyar kamuwa da cututtukan papillomavirus na mutum (HPV), wanda ke hana shi ta hanyar allura.
Ciwon sankarar mahaifa yana girma a hankali, saboda haka yawanci lokaci ne ake nemo shi da kuma magance shi kafin ya haifar da matsaloli. Yana kashe mata da yawa kaɗan a kowace shekara, saboda ingantaccen bincike ta gwajin Pap.
Mata masu shekaru 35 zuwa 44 zasu iya kamuwa da ita. Fiye da 15% na sababbin shari'o'in suna cikin matan da shekarunsu suka wuce 65, amma, musamman waɗanda ba sa samun gwajin yau da kullun.
Ciwon sankarar mahaifa wani nau'in kansar ne da yake farawa a mahaifar mahaifa. Mahaifa bakin silinda ne wanda yake hada kasan kasan mahaifar mace da farjinta. Yawancin cututtukan sankarar mahaifa suna farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta a saman wuyan mahaifa.
Mahaifin mahaifa an yi shi da sassa biyu kuma an rufe shi da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi daban-daban.
- The endocervix shine bude bakin mahaifa wanda yake kaiwa cikin mahaifa. An rufe shi da glandular ciki Kwayoyin.
- The exocervix (ko ectocervix) shine bangaren wuyan mahaifa wanda likita zai iya gani yayin gwajin gwaji. An rufe shi a ciki karama Kwayoyin.
Wurin da waɗannan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda biyu suke haduwa a cikin mahaifa ana kiransa da yankin canji. Ainihin wurin da ake canza yanayin yakan canza yayin da kuka tsufa da kuma idan kun haihu. Yawancin cututtukan daji na mahaifa suna farawa a cikin sel a cikin yankin canji.
Pre-ciwon daji na mahaifar mahaifa
Pre-ciwon daji na mahaifar mahaifaSel a cikin yankin canji ba kwatsam ya canza zuwa cutar kansa. Madadin haka, ƙwayoyin jikin mahaifa na farko yakan fara samun canje-canje mara kyau wanda ake kira pre-cancer. Doctors yi amfani da kalmomi da yawa don bayyana waɗannan canje-canje kafin cutar kansa, gami da ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa neoplasia (CIN), squamous rauni a cikin intraepithelial (SIL), Da kuma dysplasia.
Lokacin da aka bincika cututtukan da suka kamu da cutar a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, ana auna su a sikelin 1 zuwa 3 bisa la'akari da yawan ƙwayar mahaifa da ba ta da kyau.
- A cikin CIN1 (wanda kuma ake kira dysplasia mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ko SIL mai ƙarancin daraja), yawancin sassan ba su zama mahaukaci ba, kuma ana ɗaukarsa mafi ƙarancin ciwon sankara kafin mahaifa.
- A cikin CIN2 ko CIN3 (wanda kuma ake kira dysplasia mai matsakaici / mai tsanani ko SIL mai girma) yawancin kayan ɗin suna da kyau; babban aji SIL shine mafi tsananin pre-cancer.
Kodayake cutar sankarar mahaifa tana farawa daga sel tare da sauye-sauye kafin cutar (pre-cancer), wasu daga cikin matan da ke fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa ne za su kamu da cutar kansa. Ga yawancin mata, ƙwayoyin riga kafin cutar kansa zasu tafi ba tare da wani magani ba. Amma, a cikin wasu mata pre-cancer sun canza zuwa kansar gaskiya (masu cin zali). Yin maganin pre-cancer na mahaifa na iya hana kusan dukkanin cututtukan sankarar mahaifa.
Za'a iya gano canje-canje kafin cutar kansa ta gwajin Pap kuma a kula dasu don hana kansar daga tasowa. Duba Shin Za a iya hana Ciwon Mara? Canje-canjen cututtukan da aka samo akan gwajin Pap da takamaiman nau'ikan magani don pre-cancer an tattauna su a cikin gwajin Pap da Aikin-Sakamakon Sakamakon gwajin Pap.
Iri na ciwon sankarar mahaifa
Cutar sankarar mahaifa da cututtukan sankarau na mahaifa an rarrabasu ta yadda suke duban dakin gwaje-gwaje tare da microscope. Babban nau'ikan cutar sankarar mahaifa sune ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da kuma adenocarcinoma.
- Mafi yawa (har zuwa 9 cikin 10) cututtukan sankarar mahaifa sune ƙwayar carcinomas na squamous. Wadannan cututtukan daji suna haɓaka daga ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin exocervix. Cinunƙarar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta galibi ana farawa a yankin canji (inda exocervix ya haɗu da endocervix).
- Yawancin sauran cututtukan sankarar mahaifa sune adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinomas sune cututtukan daji waɗanda ke ci gaba daga ƙwayoyin glandular. Cervical adenocarcinoma yana tasowa daga ƙwayoyin gland ɗin da ke haifar da endocervix.
- Kadan da yawa, cututtukan sankarar mahaifa suna da siffofin duka ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da adenocarcinomas. Wadannan ana kiran su adenosquamous carcinomas or gauraye carcinomas.
Kodayake kusan dukkanin cututtukan sankarar mahaifa ko dai sankarau ne ko adenocarcinomas, sauran nau'ikan cutar kansa ma na iya bunkasa a cikin mahaifa. Wadannan sauran nau'ikan, kamar su melanoma, sarcoma, da lymphoma, suna faruwa sosai a wasu sassan jiki.
Menene halayen haɗarin cutar sankarar mahaifa?
Kusan dukkan cututtukan sankarar mahaifa na faruwa ne daga kwayar cutar papillomavirus (HPV), kwayar cuta ta gama gari wacce ake iya kamuwa da ita daga mutum zuwa wani yayin jima'i. Akwai nau'ikan HPV da yawa. Wasu nau'ikan HPV na iya haifar da canje-canje a kan wuyan mace wanda zai iya haifar da cutar sankarar mahaifa a tsawon lokaci, yayin da wasu nau'ikan na iya haifar da al'aura ko fatar fata.
Kwayar cutar ta HPV abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari mutane suna kamuwa da shi a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. HPV yawanci baya haifar da alamun bayyanar saboda haka baza ku iya gaya kuna da shi ba. Ga yawancin mata, HPV zai tafi da kansa; Koyaya, idan ba haka ba, akwai damar cewa tsawon lokaci zai iya haifar da ciwon sankarar mahaifa.
Sauran abubuwa na iya kara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa—
- Samun HIV (kwayar da ke haifar da ƙanjamau) ko kuma wani yanayin da ke sanya wuya ga jikinka ya yaƙi matsalolin lafiya.
- Shan taba.
- Amfani da kwayoyin hana daukar ciki na dogon lokaci (shekaru biyar ko fiye).
- Bayan haihuwar yara uku ko sama da haka.
- Samun abokan jima'i da yawa.
Waɗanne abubuwa ke jawo cutar kansa?
Ciwon sankarar mahaifa yana farawa lokacin da lafiyayyun kwayoyin halitta a cikin mahaifa suka sami canje-canje (maye gurbi) a cikin DNA. DNA na kwayar halitta yana dauke da umarnin da ke fada wa kwayar halitta abin da za ta yi.
Kwayoyin lafiya suna girma kuma suna hayayyafa a ƙayyadadden adadin, ƙarshe suna mutuwa a lokacin da aka ƙayyade. Maye gurbi yana fadawa kwayoyin halitta suyi girma kuma suyi yawa ba tare da iko ba, kuma basa mutuwa. Tattara ƙwayoyin halitta masu haɗari suna yin taro (ƙari). Kwayoyin sankara suna mamaye kyallen takarda kusa kuma zasu iya fita daga ƙari don yada (metastasize) a wasu wurare a cikin jiki.
Ba a bayyana abin da ke haifar da kansar mahaifa ba, amma yana da tabbacin cewa HPV yana taka rawa. HPV ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, kuma yawancin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ba su taba kamuwa da cutar kansa ba. Wannan yana nufin wasu dalilai - kamar yanayin ku ko zaɓin salon rayuwar ku - suma suna ƙayyade ko za ku kamu da cutar kansar mahaifa.
Maganin kansar mahaifa
Maganin kansar mahaifa yana da matukar magani idan kun kama shi da wuri. Manyan magungunan guda hudu sune:
- tiyata
- radiation far
- chemotherapy
- Tarurrukan ci gaba
Wani lokaci ana haɗa waɗannan magungunan don yin tasiri sosai.
Surgery
Dalilin tiyata shine cire mafi yawan cutar kansa-sosai. Wani lokaci likita na iya cire kawai yankin mahaifar mahaifa wanda ke dauke da kwayoyin cutar kansa. Ga ciwon daji wanda ya fi yaduwa, tiyata na iya haɗawa da cire wuyan mahaifa da sauran gabobin a ƙashin ƙugu.
Radiation far
Radiation yana kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ta amfani da katako mai ƙarfi. Ana iya isar dashi ta hanyar inji a waje da jiki. Hakanan za'a iya isar dashi daga cikin jiki ta amfani da bututun ƙarfe da aka sanya a cikin mahaifa ko farji.
jiyyar cutar sankara
Chemotherapy yana amfani da kwayoyi don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin jiki. Doctors suna ba da wannan magani a cikin hawan keke. Za ku sami chemo na wani lokaci. Hakanan zaku dakatar da maganin don ba jikinku lokaci don murmurewa.
Farfesa da aka tsara
Bevacizumab (Avastin) wani sabon magani ne wanda ke aiki ta wata hanya dabam daga chemotherapy da radiation. Yana toshe haɓakar sabbin jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa ciwon daji girma da rayuwa. Ana ba da wannan magani tare tare da chemotherapy.
Idan likitanku ya gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu mahimmanci a cikin mahaifa za a iya kula da su. Duba waɗanne hanyoyi ne suka dakatar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin daga juyawa zuwa cutar kansa.
Menene matakan cutar sankarar mahaifa?
Bayan an bincikar ku, likitanku zai sanya cutar kansar a mataki. Matakin ya nuna ko cutar daji ta bazu, kuma idan haka ne, ta yaya ya yadu. Yin nazarin cutar kansa zai iya taimaka wa likitanka nemo maganin da ya dace da kai.Cancer na mahaifa yana da matakai guda huɗu:
- Mataki na 1: Ciwon kansa karami ne. Wataƙila ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph. Bai yadu zuwa sauran sassan jikinku ba.
- Mataki na 2: Ciwon kansa ya fi girma. Zai iya yaduwa a wajen mahaifa da mahaifar mahaifa ko kuma zuwa mahaifa. Har yanzu bai isa sauran sassan jikinku ba.
- Mataki na 3: Ciwon kansa ya bazu zuwa ƙananan ɓangaren farji ko zuwa ƙashin ƙugu. Yana iya zama yana toshe mafitsara, bututun da ke ɗauke da fitsari daga ƙoda zuwa mafitsara. Bai yadu zuwa sauran sassan jikinku ba.
- Mataki na 4: Ciwon kansa na iya yaduwa a wajen ƙashin ƙugu zuwa ga gabobi kamar huhu, ƙashi, ko hanta.
Sanin asalin ciwon sankarar mahaifa
Gwajin gwaji na iya taimakawa gano kansar mahaifa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda wataƙila wata rana za su zama cutar kansa ta mahaifa. Yawancin jagororin suna ba da shawarar fara binciken kansar kansar mahaifa da canje-canje na musamman a shekara 21.
Gwajin gwaje-gwaje sun haɗa da:
- Pap gwajin. Yayin gwajin Pap, likitanku yana gogewa da goge sel daga mahaifar ku, sannan a duba su a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don rashin daidaituwa. Gwajin Pap na iya gano ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mahaifa, gami da ƙwayoyin kansa da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke nuna canje-canje waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin kansar mahaifa.
- HPVDNA gwajin. Gwajin DNA na HPV ya ƙunshi gwajin ƙwayoyin da aka tattara daga cervix don kamuwa da kowane nau'in HPV da ke iya haifar da kansar mahaifa.
Tattauna hanyoyin binciken likitan mahaifa tare da likitanka.
Idan ana tsammanin cutar sankarar mahaifa, likitanka na iya farawa da cikakken bincike akan mahaifa. Ana amfani da kayan kara girma na musamman (colposcope) don bincika ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Yayin gwajin colposcopic, likitanku zai iya ɗaukar samfurin ƙwayoyin mahaifa (biopsy) don gwajin gwaji. Don samun nama, likitanku na iya amfani da:
- Nau'in biopsy, wanda ya shafi amfani da kaifi mai tsini don tsinke kananan samfuran mahaifa.
- Ciwon mahaifa, wanda ke amfani da karamin kayan aiki, mai kamar cokali (curet) ko kuma goga sirara dan goge samfurin nama daga bakin mahaifa.
Idan bugun biopsy ko endocervical curettage yana da damuwa, likitanku na iya yin ɗayan gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:
- Madauki waya madauki, wanda ke amfani da waya mai lantarki mara nauyi, mara ƙarfi don samun ƙaramin samfurin nama. Gabaɗaya ana yin hakan a ƙarƙashin maganin rigakafi na cikin ofishi.
- Cone biopsy (haɗuwa), wanda hanya ce da ke ba likitanka damar samun zurfin sassan mahaifa don gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ana iya yin biopsy na ƙwanƙwasa a cikin asibiti a ƙarƙashin ƙwayar rigakafi.
Rigakafin ciwon daji na mahaifa
Don rage haɗarin cutar sankarar mahaifa:
- Tambayi likitanku game da HPV alurar riga kafi. Samun maganin rigakafi don hana kamuwa da cutar HPV na iya rage haɗarin kansar mahaifa da sauran cututtukan daji masu alaƙa da HPV. Tambayi likitan ku ko maganin rigakafin HPV ya dace da ku.
- Yi gwajin Pap na yau da kullun. Gwajin Pap na iya gano yanayin yanayin wuyan mahaifa, don haka ana iya sanya musu ido ko kulawa don kiyaye kansar mahaifa. Yawancin kungiyoyin likitocin suna ba da shawarar fara gwajin Pap na yau da kullun tun yana shekaru 21 da maimaita su kowane yearsan shekaru.
- Yi amintaccen jima'i. Rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa ta hanyar ɗaukar matakan hana kamuwa da cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima’i, kamar yin amfani da kwaroron roba a duk lokacin da kuke yin jima’i da iyakance yawan abokan zama da kuke dasu.
- Ba shan taba. Idan baka shan taba, kada ka fara. Idan kana shan taba, yi magana da likitanka game da dabarun da zasu taimaka ka daina.
Don cikakkun bayanai kan maganin cutar sankarar mahaifa da ra'ayi na biyu, kira mu a +96 1588 1588 ko rubuta zuwa info@cancerfax.com.
- Comments Rufe
- Yuli 28th, 2020
