2024 ya kasance mai canza wasa don CAR T-Cell far a China! Shaida na ban mamaki labarun nasara daga gwaji na asibiti, bincika ci gaba, da koyo game da sauran ƙalubalen. Ku zo gano makomar wannan maganin ciwon daji wanda ke sake ba miliyoyin mutane bege!
Kimiyya ta yi gagarumin ci gaba a fannin likitanci. A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, mun ga sabbin hanyoyin warkewa da magunguna da yawa waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin alfanu ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da munanan cututtuka kamar kansa. Ciwon daji ya kasance muhimmiyar barazana ga lafiyar duniya, yana shafar miliyoyin rayuka kowace shekara.
Ƙungiyar Ciwon daji ta Amurka (ACS) ta kiyasta 1,958,310 sababbin cututtukan daji a cikin 2023, ban da ciwon daji na fata wanda ba melanoma ba. Abin baƙin ciki, an ƙidaya fiye da mutuwar kansar 609,820 a wannan shekarar.
CAR-T cell therapy is an advanced immunotherapy that trains your immune system to identify and destroy cancer cells with pinpoint accuracy.
Wannan ba almarar kimiyya ba ce; shine ainihin gaskiyar maganin CAR T, tsarin juyi na tushen rigakafi wanda ke haifar da farin ciki mai yawa a cikin yaƙi da ciwon daji.
While still in its early stages, CAR T cell far has shown remarkable promise in treating specific blood cancers, with ongoing research looking into its potential to cure various tumor types.
In this article, we’ll explore ground-breaking CAR T Cell therapy gwaji na asibiti in China, major areas of focus, and discuss the challenges and exciting opportunities shaping the future of this revolutionary therapy.
Karanta Wannan: Maɓallin Nasara na CAR-T Ya ta'allaka ne a Zaɓin Mara lafiya - Shin Kai ne Mafi Kyau?
Muhimman Mahimmanci A Tarihin CAR T Salon Farko A Kasar Sin
A tafiya CAR T Ciwon Kwayoyin Jiki A China yayi kama da tsere daga farkon tubalan, tare da ci gaba mai ban mamaki da buri.
Nasarar Majagaba (2013): China reported the first CAR T-cell far for B-ALL targeting CD19 in 2013, marking the initial breakthrough in the country’s adoption of CAR T-cell technology.
Juyin Halitta (2017-2019): Ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2017, kasar Sin ta zama kasar da ta fi yawan gwaje-gwajen asibiti na CAR-T, wanda ke nuna saurin bunkasuwa da kuma zuba jari mai yawa a cikin wannan hanyar warkewa.
Ci gaba da Ci gaba (2022): A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, CAR T maganin ciwon daji a kasar Sin ya nuna tasiri na musamman wajen magance cututtukan daji na jini, yana nuna ci gaba da ci gaba.
Dole ne Ka karanta: Matsayin Immunotherapy A cikin Jiyya na Lymphoma - CancerFax
Gwajin gwaji na asibiti na CAR T Kyauta a China: Fata ga Kowa
A cikin wani shiri mai mahimmanci, a halin yanzu kasar Sin tana ba da kyauta maganin kansar kyauta a kasar Sin, samar da sabon bege ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da wasu nau'in ciwon daji. Shahararrun asibitoci irin su Asibitin Ciwon daji na Jami'ar Peking, Cibiyar Cancer ta Jami'ar Sun Yat-sen, Asibitin Yammacin China, Asibitin Farko na Jami'ar Zhengzhou, Asibitin Gorboad Boren na Beijing, da sauran da yawa suna taka rawa sosai a cikin wadannan gwaje-gwaje.
Nazarin na asibiti an yi niyya ne don magance myeloma da yawa, B-cell m lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), da B-cell suna yada babban lymphoma B-cell (DLBCL). Marasa lafiya tare da waɗannan takamaiman nau'ikan ciwon daji na iya yanzu bincika ci gaba da ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta na CAR T ba tare da nauyin kuɗi ba. Wannan yunƙurin ba wai kawai ya faɗaɗa damar samun sabbin hanyoyin warkewa ba, har ma ya sanya kasar Sin a matsayin jagora a duniya a fannin bincike da kula da cutar daji.
Sakamakon Bincike na baya-bayan nan akan CAR T Gwajin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta A China
Bincike kan maganin CAR T cell yana ci gaba cikin sauri a kasar Sin, inda gwaje-gwaje na asibiti da yawa ke nazarin yuwuwar maganin na nau'ikan ciwon daji daban-daban. Wuri ɗaya mai ban sha'awa shine ƙwayoyin CAR T masu niyya biyu, haɗa kai hare-hare akan antigens masu yawa na kansa don yuwuwar haɓaka inganci.
Gwaje-gwajen farko tare da CD19/20 da aka yi niyya na lymphoma sun nuna fitattun ɗimbin martani, suna ba da hanya don ƙarin bincike.
Binciken lokaci-2 na anti-CD19 da anti-CD22 CAR T Kwayoyin a kan B-cell m lymphoblastic cutar sankarar bargo (ALL) ya sami kyakkyawar amsawar 88% gaba ɗaya a cikin kasusuwa da 85% a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya.
Bayan maƙasudin CD19 na yau da kullun, masu bincike suna bincika wuraren da ba a bincika ba. Gwaje-gwaje da suka hada da BCMA, CD20, da GPC3 suna samar da sakamako masu ban sha'awa a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan daji daban-daban, suna nuna daidaitawar wannan hanyar jiyya.
Duk da haka, aminci har yanzu babban damuwa ne. Ciwon saki na Cytokine (CRS) na iya zama babban matsala, yana tura masu bincike don ba da shawarar mafita kamar ingantaccen ƙirar CAR da haɗin gwiwa don haɓaka gudanarwa.
Yayin da kasar Sin ke kan gaba wajen gwaje-gwajen da ake ci gaba da yi, jiyya na CAR T guda biyu ne kawai aka amince da su: axicabtagene ciloleucel da relmacabtagene autoleucel, wanda ke nuni da kalubalen samun dama ga ka'idoji da matsalolin tattalin arziki.
Kasar Sin tana kan gaba wajen kirkirar fasahar T-cell ta CAR, da magance matsalolin tsaro, da kuma binciken abubuwan da suka shafi sabon labari da kuma yin niyya biyu. Ko da yake har yanzu akwai cikas a cikin hanyar samun damar yin amfani da haƙuri mai fa'ida, makomar wannan jiyya mai canza wasan tana da haske.
Samun Hankali: Zurfafa Zurfafa Cikin CAR T Cell Therapy: Yaya Aiki yake?
Muhimman wuraren Ci gaba a cikin Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy A China
Yin Niyya M Tumors
Kalubale: A al'adance, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na CAR T sun nuna babban nasara a cikin cututtukan daji na jini fiye da ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwace saboda hadaddun microenvironments na ƙari da nau'in antigen.
Ci gaba: Gwaje-gwajen kasar Sin da yawa suna duban sabbin hanyoyin da za a kai ga ciwace-ciwace.
Gwaje-gwajen da ke kimanta ƙwayoyin CAR T waɗanda ke bayyana masu karɓa daban-daban guda biyu kuma suna keɓance antigens da yawa don haɓaka inganci (misali, BCMA/CD19 don myeloma da yawa, GD2/NGFR don neuroblastoma).
Nazarin na duba cikin keɓaɓɓen ƙwayoyin CAR T na tushen TIL waɗanda aka keɓance da ƙari ga kowane majiyyaci, tare da ƙarfafa sakamako na farko a cikin cutar kansar huhu da melanoma.
Haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin CAR T tare da ƙarin jiyya kamar masu hana wuraren bincike ko radiation yana da yuwuwar haɓaka amsawa da shawo kan juriya a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan ciwace-ciwace.
Misali: Gwajin lokaci na I (NCT05424241) ta yin amfani da tantanin halitta CAR T guda biyu da ke niyya BCMA da CD19 a cikin sake dawowa / refractory mahara myeloma samu ƙarfafa aminci da tasiri binciken, ciki har da cikakken martani a wasu marasa lafiya.
Cin Nasara Kalubale Masu Guba
Challenge: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) da neurotoxicity sune mummunan sakamako na maganin CAR T wanda ke tayar da damuwa na aminci.
Ci gaban: Masu bincike na kasar Sin suna neman hanyoyin da za su bi da rage wadannan guba:
Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje akan ƙwayoyin CAR T tare da canje-canje kamar "kwayoyin kashe-kashe" don ba da izinin cirewa cikin sauƙi idan manyan abubuwan da suka faru sun taso.
Ana gwada magungunan da ke nufin takamaiman hanyoyin da ke cikin CRS ko neurotoxicity a hade tare da maganin CAR T don rage halayen haɗari.
Don rage haɗarin haɗari, ƙwayoyin CAR T cell allurai da tsare-tsaren jiyya ana keɓance su da takamaiman halayen haƙuri.
Misali, gwaji na Mataki na I / II (NCT04552054) ta amfani da tantanin halitta CAR T da aka yi niyya na BCMA tare da "jinin kashe kansa" a cikin marasa lafiya na myeloma da yawa sun nuna amintaccen aminci da CRS mai iya sarrafawa, da kuma ƙarfafa sakamakon tasiri.
Cimma Dogaran Amsoshi
Kalubale: Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na CAR T na ci gaba da fuskantar ƙalubale wajen kiyaye kula da ƙwayar cuta na dogon lokaci da hana sake dawowa.
Ci gaba: Ana ci gaba da ƙoƙarin inganta dagewa da rayuwar ƙwayoyin CAR T:
Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje akan ƙwayoyin CAR T da aka gyara don kafa aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wanda zai iya haifar da ayyukan rigakafin ciwon daji na dindindin.
Hanyoyin da za a iya ƙarfafa haɓakar ƙwayoyin CAR T a cikin jikin majiyyaci bayan jiko ana bincikar su don inganta dagewarsu da ingancinsu.
Masu bincike suna duban haɗa ƙwayoyin CAR T tare da wasu magunguna masu ƙarfafa rigakafi don ba da amsa mai daɗaɗɗen maganin ƙwayar cuta.
Misali, gwaji na Mataki na I/II (NCT04418739) yana kimanta kwayar CAR T da aka yi niyya ta CD19 tare da damar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin cutar sankarar jini ta B-cell ya bayyana ci gaba da amsa cikakke a cikin adadi mai yawa na marasa lafiya bayan watanni 12, yana nuna ingantaccen inganci na dogon lokaci.
CARsgen's Advaving Cancer Care Targen Protein A cikin Ciwon Tumor iri-iri
CARsgen Therapeutics Holdings Limited kwanan nan ya bayyana manyan ci gaba a cikin juyin juya halin CAR T-cell far, CT041, a 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology Gastrointestinal Cancers Taro.
Kamfanin ya bayyana sakamako mai kyau daga bincike na Phase 1b ELIMYN18.2, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan satricabtagene autoleucel (satri-cel), dan takarar samfurin CAR-T na autologous wanda aka yi niyya don kai hari ga Claudin18.2, furotin da aka gano a cikin wasu ciwace-ciwacen daji.
CARsgen ya jaddada aminci da ingancin satri-cel, yana nuna bayanin martaba mai ban sha'awa. An ƙaddara Kashi na 2 da aka Shawarar (RP2D) kuma a halin yanzu yana cikin gwaji na asibiti na Phase 1b/2 don magance ci gaba na ciki / gastroesophageal junction (GC/GEJ) da ciwon daji na pancreatic.
Wannan binciken na asibiti ya mayar da hankali kan ingantaccen bayanin martaba na aminci, rashin tasiri mai mahimmanci, da ƙarfafa tasiri, tare da sakamako mai mahimmanci a cikin marasa lafiya tare da GC / GEJ da PC.
Ƙimar Satri-cel a matsayin magani mai ban sha'awa ga waɗannan ƙalubalen ciwon daji yana ƙara fitowa fili, yana nuna gagarumin ci gaba a fagen jiyya na CAR T-cell.
Makomar CAR T Kwayoyin Farfadowar Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta A China
Makomar maganin tantanin halitta ta CAR T a kasar Sin tana da kyau, sakamakon karuwar gwaji da kuma sadaukar da kai ga kirkire-kirkire. Yayin da a halin yanzu akwai sama da karatun asibiti sama da 100 da ke niyya da lymphoma kaɗai, masu bincike suna haɓaka sama da cututtukan daji na jini, tare da gwaje-gwajen 2024 waɗanda ke kula da ciwace-ciwacen ciwace-ciwace ta amfani da dabaru daban-daban kamar ƙirar CAR dual da keɓaɓɓen maganin TIL.
Masu bincike na kasar Sin suna yin aikin farko na "kwayoyin kashe-kashe" da aka gyare-gyaren kwayoyin halitta da kuma yin niyya ga ayyukan harhada magunguna, tare da binciken farko da ke nuna kyakkyawan bayanan aminci. Kudin ya kasance shamaki, amma sel CAR T da aka samar a gida da sabbin hanyoyin samarwa suna ba da bege ga samun dama ga dama.
Haɗin kai tare da sauran ƙasashe, kuma gwamnatin kasar Sin tana yin wannan ci gaba, tare da shirin ba da gudummawar kashi 10% na sabbin magungunan CAR T a duniya nan da shekarar 2030.
Wannan cikakkiyar tsari, tare da ci gaba cikin sauri, yana nuna kyakkyawar makoma ga masu fama da cutar kansa ba kawai a kasar Sin ba har ma a duk duniya.
