Ciwon ciki na karuwa
Ciwon kansa ya kasance ɗayan cututtukan da suka fi saurin mutuwa a duniya, musamman tsakanin mazan da suka manyanta. Dangane da bayanan GLOBOCAN 2018, ciwon kansa shine 5th neoplasm mafi mahimmanci da 3rd mafi yawan cututtukan daji, tare da kimanin mutane 783,000 da suka mutu a cikin shekarar 2018. Yawan cutar kansa da mace-macen suna da matukar canji ta yankin kuma sun dogara sosai da abinci da Helicobacter pylori kamuwa da cuta. Yayin da ake ci gaba wajen hanawa da magancewa H. pylori kamuwa da cuta ya rage yawan cutar kansa, sun kuma ba da gudummawa ga ƙaruwar kamuwa da cututtukan cikinji, ƙananan nau'ikan neoplasm da suka girma sau 7 a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. Kyakkyawan fahimtar ilimin ilimin halittar jiki da abubuwan haɗarin cutar na iya taimakawa wajen cimma matsaya game da gabatowa H. pylori infection. Dietary modification, smoking cessation, and exercise hold promise in preventing gastric cancer, while genetic testing is enabling earlier diagnosis and thus greater survival.
Akwai sabbin magungunan ciwon daji na ciki a shekara ta 2020. Akwai yawan kamuwa da cutar kansa a cikin duniya kuma yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara. Adadin gano marasa lafiya da cutar daji ta farkon ciki kusan 5% -10% ne kawai. Yawancin marasa lafiya ana samun su a tsakiyar ko ƙarshen matakin saboda matakin farkon cutar kansa ba alama ce ta fili ba.
However, gastric cancer is not an incurable disease. With the rapid progress of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, gastric cancer patients want to achieve long-term survival is no longer a problem. In addition to surgery and radiotherapy, drug therapy includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Chemotherapy magunguna don ciwon daji na ciki
Ana iya amfani da Chemotherapy don magance ciwon ciki na ciki ta hanyoyi daban-daban:
Za a iya amfani da ƙwayoyi da yawa don magance kansar ciki, gami da:
5-FU (fluorouracil) yawanci ana haɗuwa tare da formyltetrahydrofolate (folate)
6-Capecitabine (Xeloda®)
Carboplatin
Cisplatin
Docetaxel (Tassodi®)
Epirubicin (Ellence ®)
Irinotecan (Capto®)
Oxaliplatin (Losadine®)
Paclitaxel (Taxol®)
Gastric cancer chemotherapy drugs are usually given in a combination of drugs, including:
ECF (epirubicin, cisplatin da 5-FU) ana iya bayarwa kafin da bayan tiyata
Docetaxel ko paclitaxel da 5-FU ko capecitabine, haɗe tare da radiotherapy azaman aikin riga-kafi
Cisplatin tare da 5-FU ko capecitabine, haɗe tare da radiotherapy azaman magani na farko
Paclitaxel da carboplatin sun haɗu da radiotherapy azaman magani na farko
Ciwon daji da aka yi niyya da magunguna
HER2
Approximately 20% of patients express HER2 protein that promotes cancer growth, and inhibitors targeting Her 2 protein prevent human epidermal growth factor from attaching to Her2 by attaching themselves to Her2, thereby blocking cancer cell growth. It can be treated as a single drug, or in combination with several anti-HER2 targeted drugs, or in combination with chemotherapy drugs.
Trastuzumab (trastuzumab, Herceptin)
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) wani ɗan adam ne na ƙyamar kwayar halitta wanda ke niyyar furotin HER2. Chemotherapy tare da trastuzumab na iya taimakawa marasa lafiya tare da ci gaban HER2-tabbataccen ciwon daji na ciki suna da tsawon rai fiye da chemotherapy kadai.
Ntan Ontruzant (trastuzumab-dttb)
On January 18, 2019, the US FDA approved Samsung Bioepis ’Ontruzant (trastuzumab-dttb), a biosimilar of trastuzumab (trastuzumab) for the treatment of HER2 Positive breast cancer and HER2 overexpressed gastric cancer.
Tukwici: Kafin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, da fatan za a tsara gwajin don ƙayyade bayanin furotin HER2. Kuna iya kiran 400-626-9916 don tuntuɓi game da gwajin kwayar halitta.
VEGFR
Yayinda jiki ke haɓaka da girma, yana sanya sabbin jijiyoyin jini su bada jini ga dukkan ƙwayoyin, wani tsari da ake kira angiogenesis. Lokacin da sabbin jijiyoyin jini ke samar da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki ga kwayoyin cutar kansa, suna taimakawa girma da yaduwar kwayoyin cutar kansa.
Magungunan Angiogenesis suna taimakawa wajen hana ko rage girma ko yaduwar ciwace ciwace ta hanyar hana kumburi daga yin sabbin jijiyoyin jini, yana haifar da ciwace ciwace ko daina girma saboda ba zasu iya samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata ba. Masu hanawa suna aiki ta hanyar toshe masu karɓar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (VEGF) a cikin ƙwayoyin kansar.
Ramucirumab (Remolucumab, Cyramza®)
Ramucirumab wani maganin rigakafin monoclonal ne wanda ke ɗaure ga mai karɓar VEGF kuma zai iya taimakawa jinkirin ko dakatar da ci gaba da yaduwar cutar kansa. A cikin 2014, an amince da maganin don maganin kansar ciki da kansar mahaifa, amma a halin yanzu ba a samar da shi a China ba.
Magungunan rigakafin cututtukan ciki
Immunotherapy yana nufin inganta ƙwarewar halitta na tsarin garkuwar jiki na haƙuri don yaƙar kansa. Immunotherapy ba kai tsaye kewaya kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jikin mutum ba, amma yana horar da tsarin garkuwar jiki na mutum don gane ƙwayoyin kansa da zaɓin niyya da kashe su.
Pembrolizumab (Pembrolizumab, Keytruda)
FDA approves pembrolizumab for patients with advanced gastric cancer who have received at least 2 treatments (including chemotherapy) for the treatment of patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, whose tumor expression PD-L1 [Comprehensive Positive Score (CPS) ≥1], determined by a test approved by the FDA. Progressed after two or more lines of chemotherapy including fluoropyrimidine and platinum, or HER2 / neu targeted therapy. In addition, genetic test results of MSI-H are also applicable to gastric cancer patients.
