Yuni 2022: Wani ɗan ƙaramin bincike na masu fama da ciwon daji na dubura ya ba da sakamako mai ban mamaki: kashi 100 na mutane suna cikin gafara. An buga sakamakon a cikin New England Journal of Medicine wannan makon.
GlaxoSmithKline ne ya dauki nauyin gwajin, wanda ya samar da maganin dostarlimab, a cewar New York Times. Tsawon watanni shida, an ba marasa lafiya a gwajin dostarlimab, an immunotherapy magungunan da ke motsa tsarin rigakafi na marasa lafiya don kai hari ga cutar tasu.
According to the study, all 12 people had comparable mutations in mismatch repair-deficient maganin ciwon daji, which occurs in roughly 5 to 10% of colorectal malignancies. Standard chemotherapy has a dismal prognosis for these malignancies.
"Ba su da kwayar halittar da ke ba su damar gyara DNA ɗin su," likita Andrea Cercek, marubucin binciken daga Cibiyar Memorial Sloan Kettering Disease, ya shaida wa CNN. "Saboda haka, suna da maye gurbi da yawa, kuma tsarin rigakafi yana gano cutar kansa a matsayin baƙo." "Lokacin da muke ba da maganin rigakafi, kamar dostarlimab, da gaske muna sake farfado da tsarin garkuwar jiki ne ta yadda zai iya ganin kansar ya kashe shi."
Dostarlimab wani antibody ne wanda ke kai hari ga sunadaran PD-1, wanda ke tsaye ga tsarin mutuwar kwayar halitta 1. PD-1 furotin ne wanda aka samo a saman tsarin T-cell na rigakafi wanda ke taimakawa jiki gane da lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin ciwon daji na iya haifar da sinadarai masu rushe PD-1, suna ba su damar zamewa da gano tsarin rigakafi. Dostarlimab yana aiki ta hanyar hana ƙwayoyin cutar kansa daga guje wa tsarin rigakafi, ba da damar tsarin rigakafi don ganowa da kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Masu binciken sunyi niyyar bin diddigin maganin dostarlimab tare da chemoradiotherapy na yau da kullun da tiyata, amma marasa lafiya basu buƙatar hakan. Bisa ga binciken, dukkanin batutuwa na 12 da suka kammala maganin dostarlimab kuma suna da watanni 6 ba su da alamun ciwon daji ko manyan cututtuka. A cewar wata sanarwa, ba a sami ci gaba ko sake faruwa ba ko da bayan watanni 25.
Traditional ciwon daji therapies can have life-changing consequences, according to Hanna Sanoff of the University of North Carolina’s Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, who was not involved in the study but wrote an editorial about it.
"Dukkanin tiyata da radiation suna da tasiri na dogon lokaci ga haihuwa, lafiyar jima'i, da aikin hanji da mafitsara. "Sakamakon ingancin rayuwa yana da mahimmanci, musamman ga mata waɗanda za su iya haifuwa ta hanyar jiyya na yanzu," in ji Cercek a cikin sanarwar. "Tare da karuwar cutar kansar dubura a tsakanin matasa, wannan hanyar na iya yin tasiri sosai."
Masana sun yi gargadin cewa gwajin ya yi kadan, kuma ya yi wuri a iya sanin ko marasa lafiya za su kasance cikin jinya. Sanoff ya kara da cewa a cikin editan har ma mutanen da suka sami cikakkiyar amsa ga radiation da chemotherapy na iya fuskantar koma bayan cutar kansa a cikin kashi 20 zuwa 30 na lokuta lokacin da aka magance cutar ba tare da aiki ba.
PD-1 yana da hannu a cikin babban tsarin ilimin halitta wanda aka sani da "hanawa wurin dubawa," wanda ke aiki azaman kunnawa / kashewa don ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Ofaya daga cikin wuraren binciken da ya fi aiki a cikin ilimin oncology a halin yanzu shine niyya PD-1 da sauran fannoni na hana wuraren bincike don maganin kansa.
"Wadannan binciken dalilai ne na kyakkyawan fata," in ji Sanoff, "amma irin wannan hanyar ba za ta iya maye gurbin tsarin maganin da muke da shi ba." Ya kamata a kwafi binciken, in ji shi.
Ta gaya wa NPR, "Abin da nake so da gaske mu yi shi ne samun ƙarin gwaji inda ake amfani da wannan magani a cikin ɗimbin yawan jama'a don gano menene ainihin ƙimar amsawar gaskiya zai kasance." "Ba zai zama dari bisa dari ba." Ina fatan zan iya rike harshena a kan hakan nan gaba, amma ina shakka. Kuma idan muka ga menene ainihin ƙimar martani, na yi imanin za mu iya yin hakan akai-akai. "
