Saboda ciwon hanta yana da nau'ikan da yawa, gado mai ƙarfi, da sauƙin sake dawowa, gano masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda zasu iya hango ci gaban cutar shine babbar manufa wajen yaƙi da cutar kansar hanta.
Kwanan nan, masu bincike sun kirkiro hanyar gano mafi yawan nau'ikan cutar sankarar hanta-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) bisa ga yada masu binciken halittun. Sun yi imanin cewa ana iya amfani da wannan hanyar don sauran nau'o'in cutar kansa. Wannan binciken ya ba da haske game da irin bambancin da ke tattare da RNA da ke taimakawa ga cutar kansa, kuma ya nuna cewa waɗannan bambance-bambancen na iya zama masu yiwuwar nazarin halittu don ci gaban kansa.
Ragawa yana nufin tsari wanda ake yin bayanin RNA da aka kwafa daga bayanan da aka sanya a cikin kwayar halitta kafin a yi amfani da shi don yin takamaiman taswirar furotin. Wata kwayar halitta na iya samar da sakonnin RNA da yawa, kuma kowane sako na samar da bambancin furotin ko “isomer.” Yawancin cututtuka suna da alaƙa da kurakurai ko bambancin hanyoyin RNA. Kurakurai ko canje-canje cikin ɓarna na iya haifar da sunadarai tare da ayyuka daban-daban ko na al'ada.
Recent research has identified splicing irregularities in ciwon daji cells. Krainer’s team has developed a method that can comprehensively analyze all RNA information produced by a given gene. The team tested their methods of detecting splice variants in HCC by analyzing RNA information from HCC cells collected from hundreds of patients.
They found that the specific splicing isoform of the AFMID gene is associated with the patient’s low survival. These variants result in cells making truncated versions of the AFMID protein. These unusual proteins are associated with mutations in TP53 and ARID1A tumo suppressor genes in adult liver cancer cells.
Masu binciken sun yi hasashen cewa wadannan sauye-sauyen suna da alaka da karancin matakin kwayar halittar da ake kira NAD +, wanda ke da hannu wajen gyara DNA da ya lalace. Gyara ɓangarorin AFMID na iya haifar da haɓakar samar da NAD + da haɓaka gyaran DNA. Idan za mu iya yin wannan, ƙwanƙwarar AFMID na iya zama maƙasudin warkewa da kuma tushen sababbin magunguna don ciwon hanta. Gwaje-gwaje na farko sun nuna cewa binciken ƙungiyar yana kan hanyar da ta dace, kuma muna sa ran samun kyakkyawan sakamako na bayanai don amfanar masu ciwon hanta.
