Ukuzihlolela umdlavuza wamathumbu, uhlolwa kanjani umdlavuza wamathumbu, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wesikhumba, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamabele, imuphi isheke lomdlavuza wamabele, imuphi isheke lezinsolo zomdlavuza wamathumbu.
Umdlavuza wamathumbu (ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza we-colorectal) ngumdlavuza wesithathu ovame kakhulu emhlabeni, owesibili kuphela umdlavuza wamaphaphu nomdlavuza webele. Futhi eminyakeni yamuva, bayanda abantu abasha abanomdlavuza wamathumbu, okwenza ukuhlolwa komdlavuza kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kusuka ku-2004 kuya ku-2015, ngaphezu kwe-130,000 yezigameko zomdlavuza wamathumbu ezitholwe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 e-United States. Imiphakathi yezokwelapha neyezesayensi iyavuma ukuthi kumele kubhekwane nenkinga yokwanda komdlavuza obala ngokombala kubantu abasha. Ochwepheshe bathi njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka, kufanele sinikeze izinketho zokuhlola kubantu abanomdlavuza noma i-colorectal cancer kanye nezilonda ezingapholi, ngenhloso yokwandisa izinga lokuhlolwa nokuvikela ukwanda komdlavuza obala phakathi kwabantu abasha.
NgoMeyi 2018, i-American Cancer Society (ACS) ivuselele imihlahlandlela yayo yokuhlola umdlavuza onemibala egqamile, yengeza ngokuthi abantu abaneminyaka engama-45 kuya kwengama-49 nabo kufanele bahlolwe; isincomo sayo sangaphambilini se-ACS bekuwukuhlola eminyakeni engama-50.
Ukuhlolwa umdlavuza wamathumbu
Muva nje, i-FDA ikhulise ukuvunywa kweCologuard kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa komdlavuza we-colorectal non-invasive colorectal (CRC) ukufaka amaqembu afanelekayo anobungozi ≥45 iminyaka yobudala.
Izinkomba zakamuva ezisuselwa ekuhlaziyweni kokuhlolwa kwasekhaya okusebenzayo zisebenza kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-19 abanobungozi obuphakathi kweminyaka engaba ngu-45-49 ubudala e-United States. Ngaphambilini, iCologuard yayigunyazelwe abantu ≥ iminyaka engu-50 ubudala.
I-Cologuard isebenzisa ama-biomarker amaningi ukuhlaziya izimpawu ze-DNA eziyi-10 kusampula eyodwa yendle, njenge-methylated BMP3 kanye ne-NDRG4 promoter region, KRAS mutations and β-actin and hemoglobin.
UKevin Conroy, usihlalo kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu se-Cologuard ekhiqiza i-Exact Sciences, esitatimendeni asikhiphe kwabezindaba: “Ubuchwepheshe be-Cologuard busetshenzisiwe ukuhlola umdlavuza onamabala kubantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezintathu, futhi cishe ingxenye yabo ayikaze ihlolwe phambilini. Ngokuvunyelwa yi-FDA kweCologuard kweqembu leminyaka engama-3-45, le nketho yokuhlola ebucayi, engahlaseli inamandla okusiza ekumelaneni nokwanda kwesigameko somdlavuza omubi kule ndawo yabantu abasha. "
Ukuzihlola umdlavuza wamathumbu-ngicela unake izimpawu ezinhlanu eziyingozi
Lezi zimpawu ezinhlanu zivela emzimbeni. Abayisishiyagalombili kwabayisishiyagalolunye bayisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza wamathumbu. Kungcono ukuyihlola!
01. Izinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu
Ukunyuka kokuhamba kwamathumbu noma ukuqunjelwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukuqunjelwa nohudo ngokuhlukile, kufanele uqaphele umdlavuza wamathumbu.
02. Izindle ezinegazi
Igazi elisesitokisini elibangelwa ama-hemorrhoids liyigazi elifana nelokufafaza noma elelethayo, kanti negazi elisesitokisini elibangelwa umdlavuza wamathumbu libomvu tebhu ngombala, okumele kufundwe ukuhlukanisa.
03. Izimpawu zokugaya ukudla
Izimpawu zohlelo lokugaya ukudla ezibangelwa umdlavuza wamathumbu ngokuvamile zibonakala njengokuqaqeka kwesisu, ukugaya ukudla, njll. Izindawo eziningi ezibuhlungu zisesiswini esiphakathi nesingezansi, ngezinga elincane noma elikhulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuvaleka kwamathumbu.
04. Ukususwa kwe-defecation
Umdlavuza wamathumbu nawo ungadala ukuguquguquka kwendle, okungaba yisihlalo esincane esenziwe ngezinduku, esimise okwebhande eliyisicaba noma esinsundu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uzihlole ngemuva kokuya endlini yangasese, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola isimo sakho ngesikhathi.
05, zivela ngokuphuthumayo
Umdlavuza wamathumbu ungadala ukwanda kwenani lokunyakaza kwamathumbu, futhi kungahambisana nemizwa yokuhamba kwamathumbu okungapheli nokuphuthuma, okusho ukuthi amathumbu akho awakhululekile, futhi ufuna ukuya endlini yangasese futhi, kodwa unga ' khipha izinto bese uwa phansi.
Ungahlala kanjani kude nomdlavuza obomvu?
Namuhla, umdlavuza wamathumbu, umdlavuza wesisu, nomdlavuza wokuqunjelwa isisu yizicubu zesisu ezinesifo esikhulu, futhi zihlobene kakhulu nesivinini esisheshayo sempilo yanamuhla kanye nokudla okunotha kakhulu. Kepha singawuvikela kanjani umdlavuza wamathumbu futhi sinciphise izehlakalo zomdlavuza wamathumbu?
Yidla inani elifanele ngesikhathi esifanele
Ukuvela komdlavuza wamathumbu kuhlobene eduze nemikhuba yokudla. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe esidlweni sakusihlwa. Intsha yanamuhla ingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuba isebenze futhi iphile. Bavame ukusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze bahlale kuze kuhlwe, badle isidlo sakusihlwa sekwephuzile, badle kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi badle isidlo sakusihlwa. Lokhu ukudla okungenampilo. Ukulala ngemva kokudla kungaholela kalula ekugayeni ukudla okungaphelele, ukunqwabelana okukhulu kwezinto eziyingozi, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza.
Yidla okusanhlamvu okuningi, imifino, izithelo nemifino ecebile ku-fiber yokudla, futhi le fibre ingakhuphula i-peristalsis yamathumbu, inqubo ye-peristalsis yamathumbu izonciphisa ukwenzeka kwama-polyps wesimila.
Yidla inyama ebomvu nebheyi encane
Inyama ebomvu ayiqukethe kuphela ama-fatty acids agcwele, okuyizinto eziyingozi, kodwa futhi yandisa ingozi yokukhuluphala. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyimbangela yemidlavuza eminingi. Inyama ebomvu ebhemayo, egayiwe futhi egazingiwe iqukethe kalula i-nitrite, i-polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons, i-heterocyclic amines nezinye izinto eziyingozi, okwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
Yehlisa ukudonsa kwamafutha
Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ne-cholesterol akuyona nje kuphela isitha sezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kepha futhi kuyingozi efihliwe empilweni yamathumbu. Isibonelo, isinqumelo, inyama enamafutha nezilwane ezitholwayo, njll., Kungadala umdlavuza wamathumbu kalula. Ngoba lokhu kudla kunama-acid agcwele, kuyingozi enkulu yezempilo.
Ukubamba iqhaza okugcwele ekuzilolongeni nasekuvocavoceni umzimba okwengeziwe kunezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Ukuze kuvinjwe umdlavuza wamathumbu, ukuvivinya umzimba kungasiza ukwandisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu, kusize indle ukuba idlule emathunjini, kunciphise ukunqwabelana kwezinto eziyingozi emathunjini, futhi kunciphise izinga lomdlavuza.
Ukuzama ukuyeka ukubhema kanye ne-nicotine otshwaleni kungabangela ukucasuka emathunjini, okungabangela umdlavuza we-colorectal. Ukugqugquzelwa kwamathumbu ngotshwala nakho kuyisici esikhulu esidala umdlavuza wamathumbu.
Umhlahlandlela wokuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Colorectal uncoma izimpawu ezijwayelekile: ushintsho emikhubeni yendle, izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-stool colorectal onegazi azicaci, noma ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, igazi lokungcola, njll. Njengoba umdlavuza ukhula, izimpawu ziyavela kancane kancane, zibonakale njengezinguquko emikhubeni yamathumbu, ebuhlungwini besisu, eGazini esitulweni, ekwehliseni isisindo, njll. Kuvame ukuthiwe ngephutha ngokuthi "ama-hemorrhoids."
Yini ongayihlola umdlavuza wamathumbu?
Ukuhlola okunconyiwe: i- colonoscopy, ukuhlolwa kweminwe yendunu, ukuthambekela komdlavuza wesikhumba ukuhlolwa kofuzo Amaqembu asengozini enkulu: 1. Abantu abadla isikhathi eside ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, amaprotheni amaningi, okunekhalori ephezulu; 2. Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, utshwala besikhathi eside namafutha Ukudla okuthosiwe, njll. 3. Abantu abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza we-colorectal.
Imihlahlandlela yokuhlola: Abesilisa nabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 nengama-75
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fecal immunochemical (FIT) [ngonyaka];
Noma ukuzwela okuphezulu kweguaiac fecal occult test yegazi (HSgFOBT) [minyaka yonke];
Noma ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA ye-fecal enezinhloso eziningi (mt-sDNA) [njalo eminyakeni emi-3];
Noma i-colonoscopy [njalo eminyakeni eyi-10];
Noma i-CT colonography (CTC) [njalo eminyakeni emi-5];
Noma i-sigmoidoscopy ethambile (FS) [njalo eminyakeni emihlanu]
Izincomo eziqondile: Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-45 nangaphezulu kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngokusekelwe kulokho okuthandwa yisiguli kanye nokufinyeleleka kokuhlolwa, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwendle okuzwela kakhulu noma ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo se-colorectal (okubonakalayo). Yonke imiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa kwe-non-colonoscopy yokuhlolwa kufanele yenziwe ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, njengengxenye yenqubo yokuhlola. Abantu abadala abanempilo enhle neminyaka yokuphila engaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10 kufanele baqhubeke nokuhlolwa baye eminyakeni engama-75. Abesilisa nabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-76-85 kufanele benze izinqumo zokuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye ngokusekelwe kulokho okuthandwa yisiguli, ubude besikhathi sokuphila, isimo sezempilo, kanye nomlando wokuhlolwa wangaphambilini. Uma unquma ukuqhubeka nokuhlola, ungaqhubeka ngohlelo lokuhlola olungenhla.
