Umdlavuza we-uterine

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial (ovamile) kanye ne-uterine sarcoma yizinhlobo ezimbili zomdlavuza wesibeletho (ongavamile). Umdlavuza we-Endometrial uvame ukuphulukiswa. I-uterine sarcoma inolaka futhi kunzima ukuyelapha kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesibeletho. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuvinjelwa komdlavuza wesibeletho, ukuhlolwa, ukwelashwa, izibalo, ucwaningo, nezivivinyo zomtholampilo ngokuchofoza izixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi.

• Umdlavuza we-Endometrial ikhula ku-endometrium, ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho. Ingenye yezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivame kakhulu kwabesifazane - umdlavuza othinta uhlelo lokuzala lowesifazane.
• Isibeletho i-sarcoma ikhula ku-myometrium, udonga lwemisipha yesibeletho. Ama-sarcoma esibelethweni ayivelakancane kakhulu.

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial umdlavuza wesibeletho oqala olwelweni lwesibeletho. Isibeletho siyisitho se-pelvic esimise okwepheya lapho ukukhula kombungu kwenzeka khona.

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial uqala ongqimbeni lwamaseli akha ulwelwesi lwesibeletho (endometrium). Umdlavuza wesibeletho elinye igama lomdlavuza we-endometrial. Amanye ama-cancer, afana ne-uterine sarcoma, angakhula esibelethweni, kodwa awandile kakhulu kunomdlavuza we-endometrial.

Ngenxa yokuthi umdlavuza we-endometrial uvame ukubangela ukopha okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, uvame ukuhlonzwa ekuqaleni. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial ungelapheka njalo ngokukhipha isibeletho ngokuhlinzwa uma ubonakala kusenesikhathi.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho zingafana nalezo zezimo eziningi. Lokho kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwezinye izimo ezithinta izitho zokuzala. Uma ubona ubuhlungu obungavamile, ukuvuza noma ukopha, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-endometrial noma i-uterine sarcoma zihlanganisa:

• Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane phakathi kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini.
• Ukopha esithweni sangasese sangasese noma ukubona amabala kwabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini, ngisho nenani elincane.
• Ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi noma ukuminca esinqeni, ngezansi nje kwesisu.
• Ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okumhlophe okuzacile noma okucacile kwabesifazane be-postmenopausal.
• Ukopha okude kakhulu, okusindayo noma okuvamisile kwabesifazane abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wesibeletho

Umhlinzeki wakho angenza ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu ukuze aqinisekise ukutholakala komdlavuza wesibeletho:

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CA-125 wukudonsa kwegazi okulinganisa i-CA-125, iphrotheni. Inani elithile le-CA-125 lingakhomba umdlavuza emzimbeni.

Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa:

• CT scans thatha uchungechunge lwezithombe ezinemininingwane yengaphakathi lomzimba.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRIs sebenzisa amaza omsakazo kanye nozibuthe onamandla ukuze udale izithombe.
• I-Transvaginal i-ultrasound ifaka i-probe ekhethekile (umshini oyindilinga obushelelezi) esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ukuze uthole izithombe zesibeletho.

Okunye ukuhlolwa:

• I-Endometrial biopsy ifaka ishubhu elincanyana nelithambile emlonyeni wesibeletho (ukuvuleka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane) nasesibelethweni. Umhlinzeki ususa inani elincane le-endometrium.
• I-Hysteroscopy ifaka i-hysteroscope, ishubhu elide elincanyana, esithweni sangasese sowesifazane nomlomo wesibeletho ukuze lifinyelele esibelethweni. Leli thuluzi eliwumngcingo elinokukhanya nekhamera linikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yesibeletho.
• I-Dilation and curettage (D&C) kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhipha izicubu zesibeletho. Yenzeka egunjini lokuhlinzela.

Uma ube ne-D&C noma i-biopsy ukuze ukhiphe amasampula ezicubu, umhlinzeki wakho ube esethumela isampula elebhu. Lapho, udokotela wezifo ubheka izicubu ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ukhona yini umdlavuza.

Izimbangela zomdlavuza wesibeletho

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial ubangelwa isici esingaziwa, ngokusho kodokotela. Okwaziwayo ukuthi kukhona okubangela izinguquko (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) ku-DNA yamaseli ku-endometrium, noma ulwelwesi lwesibeletho.

Amangqamuzana avamile, anempilo ashintshashintsha ngenxa yoguquko. Amaseli anempilo ayakhula futhi aphindaphindeke ngezinga elinqunywe kusengaphambili ngaphambi kokufa ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe kusengaphambili. Amaseli angavamile ayaphindaphindeka futhi akhule ngendlela engalawuleki, futhi awabhubhi ngenani elibikezelwayo. Amaseli ahlukene anqwabelanayo akha inqwaba (isisu). Amangqamuzana omdlavuza angena ezicutshini eziseduze futhi angaphuma esimila esiyinhloko ukuze asakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (metastasize).

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibeletho

Abantu abaningi abanomdlavuza we-endometrial badinga ukuhlinzwa. Uhlelo lwakho oluthile lokwelapha luncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ongase ube nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, esebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinamandla ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa kwamafutha, okuthumela imishayo yemisebe ehlosiwe ukuze ibhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa kweHormone, okunikeza amahomoni noma ukuwavimba ekwelapheni umdlavuza.
• immunotherapy, esiza amasosha akho omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, esebenzisa imithi ukukhomba amangqamuzana omdlavuza athile ukuwavimba ukuthi angaphindaphindeki.

Abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokutadisha izindlela eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza we-endometrial. Ungase ufaneleke ukuthola isilingo somtholampilo.

Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wesibeletho 

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwelashwa okuyinhloko komdlavuza we-endometrial. Cishe uzoba ne-hysterectomy, udokotela ohlinzayo ekhipha isibeletho nomlomo wesibeletho. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezinqubo ze-hysterectomy:

• I-hysterectomy ephelele yesisu: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika (ukusika) esiswini ukuze afinyelele futhi akhiphe isibeletho.
• I-Vaginal hysterectomy: Udokotela ohlinzayo ukhipha isibeletho ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• I-Radical hysterectomy: Uma umdlavuza ususabalele emlonyeni wesibeletho, ungase udinge i-radical hysterectomy. Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa isibeletho kanye nezicubu eduze kwesibeletho. Udokotela ohlinzayo futhi ususa ingxenye engaphezulu yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, eduze nomlomo wesibeletho.

Ngesikhathi se-hysterectomy, odokotela abahlinzayo bavame ukwenza ezinye izinqubo ezimbili futhi:

• I-Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) ukususa ama-ovari namashubhu e-fallopian. Abantu abaningi badinga lesi sinyathelo esengeziwe ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi wonke umdlavuza uyasuswa.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-lymph node ukukhipha ama-lymph nodes futhi ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini.