I-sarcoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluyivelakancane. Ama-Sarcoma ahlukile kuma-carcinoma avame kakhulu ngoba ayenzeka ohlotsheni oluhlukile lwezicubu. Ama-Sarcomas akhula kuzicubu ezixhumeneyo - amaseli axhuma noma asekela ezinye izinhlobo zezicubu emzimbeni wakho. Lezi zimila zivame kakhulu emathanjeni, emisipheni, emathanjeni, kuqwanga, emithanjeni, emafutheni, nasemithanjeni yegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho, kodwa zingenzeka nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba wakho..Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zesarcoma. , zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-sarcoma yezicubu ezithambile ne-bone sarcoma, noma i-osteosarcoma. Cishe izehlakalo eziyi-12,750 ze-soft tissue sarcoma kanye namacala amasha angama-800-900 we-bone sarcoma azotholakala e-US ngo-2019.
Sarcomas can be treated, often by having surgery to remove the isisu.
Izimila ezinomdlavuza (eziyingozi) zezicubu ezixhumene zibizwa ngokuthi "ama-sarcoma". Igama elithi sarcoma livela egameni lesiGreki elisho ukukhula kwenyama. I-Sarcoma ivela kuzicubu ezixhumeneyo zomzimba. Izicubu ezixhumene ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa, amafutha, imithambo yegazi, imizwa, amathambo, imisipha, izicubu zesikhumba ezijulile, noqwanga. Ama-Sarcoma ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu, ama-sarcoma amathambo kanye nama-sarcoma ezicubu ezithambile. Aphinde ahlukaniswe ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lweseli okucatshangwa ukuthi lomsuka walo elitholakala kusimila. Bonke babelana ngezici ezithile ezincane futhi banezimpawu ezifanayo. Ama-Sarcoma angakhula ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 cishe amaphesenti ayi-15 okuxilongwa komdlavuza ama-sarcomas. Nakuba kungavamile, cishe kunezimo ezintsha ze-15,000 ze-sarcoma ezitholakala minyaka yonke e-United States.
Izinhlobo ze-sarcoma
Kunezigaba ezimbili zama-sarcomas:
I-soft tissue sarcoma
Igama elithi izicubu ezithambile lisho izicubu ezixhumene, ezisekelayo, noma ezizungeze ezinye izakhi nezitho zomzimba. Izicubu ezithambile zihlanganisa imisipha, ama-tendon (amabhande e-fiber axhuma imisipha emathanjeni), izicubu ezinama-fibrous, amafutha, imithambo yegazi, imizwa, nezicubu ze-synovial (izicubu ezizungeze amalunga).
Izimila eziyingozi (ezinomdlavuza) ezikhula ezicubu ezithambile zibizwa ngokuthi ama- sarcomas, igama elivela egameni lesiGreki elisho “ukukhula kwenyama.” Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-sarcoma yezicubu ezithambile. Aqoqwa ndawonye ngenxa yokuthi abelana ngezici ezithile ezincane kakhulu, aveza izimpawu ezifanayo, futhi ngokuvamile aphathwa ngezindlela ezifanayo. (Amathumba amathambo [osteosarcoma] abuye abizwe ngokuthi ama-sarcoma, kodwa asesigabeni esihlukile ngenxa yokuthi anezici zomtholampilo nezincane kakhulu futhi aphathwa ngendlela ehlukile.)
I-Non-soft tissue sarcomas
Non-Soft Tissue Sarcomas – The most common type of bone cancer is osteosarcoma, which develops in new tissue in growing bones. Another type of cancer, chondrosarcoma, arises in cartilage. Evidence suggests that I-sarcoma ye-Ewing, another form of bone cancer, begins in immature nerve tissue in bone marrow. Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma tend to occur more frequently in children and adolescents, while chondrosarcoma occurs more often in adults.
I-Sarcoma Foundation of America izamile ukudala indawo yeziguli, abanakekeli, nabasebenzi bezempilo ukuze bafunde ngokushesha ngohlobo oluthile oluncane lwe-sarcoma. Inani lama-subtypes ama-sarcomas ngokuvamile liphikisana. Sizame ukwenza uhlu oluhlanganisa iningi lezinhlobo ezingaphansi ze-sarcoma.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-70 ze-sarcoma. Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma kuyehluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-sarcoma, indawo kanye nezinye izici.
Izinhlobo ze-sarcoma
- I-Angiosarcoma
- I-Chondrosarcoma
- I-Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
- Izimila ezincane eziyindilinga ze-Desmoplastic
- I-Epithelioid sarcoma
- I-sarcoma
- I-stromal yamathumbu tumor (GIST)
- I-sarcoma kaKaposi
- I-Leiomyosarcoma
- I-Liposarcoma
- Izimila eziyingozi ze-peripheral nerve sheath
- I-Myxofibrosarcoma
- I-osteosarcoma
- I-Rhabdomyosarcoma
- I-soft tissue sarcoma
- Isimila se-fibrous sodwa
- I-Synovial sarcoma
Izimpawu ze-sarcoma
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-sarcoma zihlanganisa:
- Isigaxa esingazwakala esikhumbeni esingaba buhlungu noma singabi buhlungu
- Ubuhlungu be-Bone
- Ithambo eliphukile elenzeka ngokungalindelekile, njengokulimala okuncane noma ukungabikho nhlobo
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukwehla kwesisindo
Izinkinga ze-sarcoma
Akukacaci ukuthi yini edala ama- sarcoma amaningi.
Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza uyenzeka lapho izinguquko (ukuguqulwa) kwenzeka ku-DNA ngaphakathi kwamaseli. I-DNA engaphakathi kwengqamuzana ihlanganiswa ibe izakhi zofuzo eziningi eziningi, ngasinye sinesethi yeziqondiso ezitshela ingqamuzana ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi okufanele yenze, kanye nendlela yokukhula nokuhlukana.
Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungase kutshele amangqamuzana ukuba akhule futhi ahlukane ngokungalawuleki futhi aqhubeke ephila lapho amangqamuzana avamile efa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amangqamuzana anqwabelanayo angajwayelekile angakha isimila. Amaseli angahlukana futhi asabalale (metastasize) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Izinto eziyingozi ze-sarcoma
Izinto ezingandisa ingozi ye-sarcoma zihlanganisa:
- Ama-syndromes azuzwe njengefa. Some syndromes that increase the risk of cancer can be passed from parents to children. Examples of syndromes that increase the risk of sarcoma include familial i-retinoblastoma and neurofibromatosis type 1.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza kwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-sarcoma kamuva.
- Ukuvuvukala okungapheli (i-lymphedema). I-Lymphedema ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukusekela uketshezi lwe-lymph okwenzeka lapho uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luvalekile noma lonakele. Yandisa ingozi yohlobo lwe-sarcoma olubizwa ngokuthi i-angiosarcoma.
- Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali. Amakhemikhali athile, njengamanye amakhemikhali ezimboni kanye nama-herbicides, angandisa ingozi ye-sarcoma ethinta isibindi.
- Ukuchayeka kumagciwane. The virus called human herpesvirus 8 can increase the risk of a type of sarcoma called I-sarcoma kaKaposi in people with weakened immune systems.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-sarcoma
Ukuhlolwa nezinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-sarcoma nokunquma izinga layo (isiteji) zifaka:
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuze aqonde kangcono izimpawu zakho futhi abheke ezinye izinkomba ezizokusiza ekuxilongweni kwakho.
- Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa. Iziphi izivivinyo ze-imaging ezilungele wena kuzoncika esimweni sakho. Okunye ukuhlola, okufana ne-X-ray, kungcono ukubona izinkinga zamathambo. Okunye ukuhlolwa, okufana ne-MRI, kungcono ukubona izinkinga zezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kungase kuhlanganise i-ultrasound, i-CT, izikena zamathambo kanye nezikena ze-positron emission tomography (PET).
- Ukukhipha isampula yethishu ukuze ihlolwe (i-biopsy). I-biopsy iyinqubo yokukhipha ucezu lwesicubu esisolisayo ukuze sihlolwe elebhu. Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okuyinkimbinkimbi kunganquma ukuthi amangqamuzana anomdlavuza yini nokuthi amele luphi uhlobo lomdlavuza. Ukuhlola kungase futhi kuveze ulwazi oluwusizo ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Ukuthi isampula ye-biopsy iqoqwa kanjani kuncike esimweni sakho esithile. Ingakhishwa ngenaliti esikhunjeni noma isikwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kwesinye isikhathi i-biopsy yenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe umdlavuza.
Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi une-sarcoma, angase atuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze abheke izimpawu zokuthi umdlavuza usabalele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma
I-Sarcoma ivamise ukulashwa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe umdlavuza. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Iziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikulungele kakhulu kuzoncika ohlotsheni lwe-sarcoma, indawo ekuyo, ukuthi amaseli anolaka kangakanani nokuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.
Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma kungase kuhlanganise:
- Ukuhlinzwa. Inhloso yokuhlinzwa kwe-sarcoma ukukhipha wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuba unqamule ingalo noma umlenze ukuze ukhiphe wonke umdlavuza, kodwa odokotela abahlinzayo bazama ukulondoloza ukusebenza kwezitho uma kungenzeka. Kwesinye isikhathi wonke umdlavuza awukwazi ukususwa ngaphandle kokulimaza izakhiwo ezibalulekile, njengezinzwa noma izitho. Kulezi zimo, odokotela abahlinzayo basebenzela ukususa i-sarcoma eningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imishayo yamandla enamandla amakhulu, njengama-X ray nama-proton, ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Imisebe ingavela emshinini ohambahamba emzimbeni wakho uqondisa imishayo yamandla (imisebe ye-beam yangaphandle). Noma imisebe ingase ibekwe emzimbeni wakho okwesikhashana (brachytherapy). Kwesinye isikhathi imisebe yenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe umdlavuza (intraoperative radiation).
- I-Chemotherapy. I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-sarcoma cishe zisabela ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali kunezinye.
- Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe kuwukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okusebenzisa imithi ehlasela ubuthakathaka obuthile kumaseli omdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angase ahlole amaseli akho e-sarcoma ukuze abone ukuthi kungenzeka yini aphendule emithini yokwelapha ehlosiwe.
- I-Immunotherapy. I-Immunotherapy iwukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa esebenzisa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza. Amasosha omzimba alwa nesifo angase angawuhlaseli umdlavuza wakho ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhiqiza amaprotheni aphuphuthekisa amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba. Izidakamizwa ze-Immunotherapy zisebenza ngokuphazamisa leyo nqubo.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Ablation. Imithi yokwelapha i-ablation ibhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokufaka ugesi ukushisa amaseli, uketshezi olubanda kakhulu ukumisa amangqamuzana noma amaza e-high-frequency ultrasound ukuze alimaze amaseli.
Unganciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza ngokuzibophezela emikhubeni eyakha indlela yokuphila enempilo. Lezi zincomo zinganciphisa ubungozi bakho balesi sifo, futhi zithuthukise impilo yakho yonke eyisisekelo.
Gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi. Tobacco has been tied to multiple cancers, and it is responsible for 90 percent of lung cancer deaths.
Hlala umatasatasa. Your physical activity is related to risk for colon and breast cancer. Excess weight gained from inactivity increases the risk of multiple cancers.
Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Kubalulekile ukunaka indlela ophuza ngayo utshwala. Ukuphuza utshwala, ngisho nangesilinganiso esilinganiselwe, kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamabele, webele, womminzo, nowopharyngeal.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane ngezinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokwelashwa kwe-sarcoma, sishayele ku- +91 96 1588 1588 noma ubhalele ku-info@cancerfax.com.
