I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Iyini i-Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma umdlavuza oqala ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, oluyingxenye yamasosha omzimba. Amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte anda ngendlela engafanele kuma-non-lymphoma Hodgkin futhi angakha izimila kuwo wonke umzimba.

I-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma uhlobo lwe-lymphoma engekho I-lymphoma kaHodgkin. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezigatshana. Izinhlobo ezincane ezivame kakhulu zisakaza i-B-cell lymphoma enkulu kanye ne-follicular lymphoma. I-lymphoma kaHodgkin olunye uhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-lymphoma.

Ukubikezelwa kwabantu abane-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma kuye kwaba ngcono ngenxa yentuthuko ekuxilongweni nasekwelashweni.

I-NHL yigama elisetshenziselwa izinhlobo eziningi ze-lymphoma ezihlanganyela zonke izici ezifanayo. Kunolunye uhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-lymphoma, olubizwa nge-Hodgkin lymphoma, oluphathwa ngendlela ehlukile.

I-Lymphoma ithinta isistimu ye-lymph yomzimba (eyaziwa nangokuthi i- uhlelo lwe-lymphatic). I-lymph system iyingxenye yamasosha omzimba, esiza ukulwa nezifo nezinye izifo. Kuyasiza futhi ukuthi uketshezi luhambe emzimbeni.

I-lymphoma iqala kuphi?

I-Lymphomas ingaqala noma kuphi emzimbeni lapho izicubu ze-lymph zitholakala khona. Izindawo eziyinhloko zezicubu ze-lymph yilezi:

• Ama-lymph nodes: Ama-lymph node amaqoqo alingana nobhontshisi wama-lymphocyte namanye amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba kuwo wonke umzimba, okuhlanganisa ngaphakathi kwesifuba, isisu, ne-pelvis. Baxhunywe uhlelo lwemikhumbi ye-lymphatic.
• Ubende: Ubende yisitho esingaphansi kwezimbambo ezingezansi kwesokunxele somzimba. Ubende wenza ama-lymphocyte namanye amaseli amasosha omzimba. Iphinde igcine amangqamuzana egazi anempilo futhi ihlunge amangqamuzana egazi alimele, amagciwane kanye nodoti wamangqamuzana.
• Umkantsha: Umnkantsha yizicubu eziyisipontshi ngaphakathi kwamathambo athile. Yilapho amangqamuzana egazi amasha (kuhlanganise nama-lymphocyte) enziwa khona.
• I-Thymus: I-thymus iyisitho esincane ngemuva kwengxenye engenhla yethambo lesifuba naphambi kwenhliziyo. Kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwama-T lymphocyte.
• Ama-adenoids nama-tonsils: Lawa amaqoqo ezicubu ze-lymph ngemuva komphimbo. Asiza ukwenza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene namagciwane aphefumulayo noma agwinywe.
• Umgudu wokugaya ukudla: Isisu, amathumbu, nezinye izitho eziningi nazo zinezicubu ze-lymph.

Izinhlobo ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma

• I-leukemia engapheli ye-lymphocytic

• I-B-cell lymphoma yesikhumba

• I-T-cell lymphoma yesikhumba

• I-lymphoma elandelayo

• I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

Ukwelashwa kwe-NHL kuncike ekutheni iluphi uhlobo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi odokotela bathole uhlobo oluqondile lwe-lymphoma onalo. Uhlobo lwe-lymphoma luncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwe-lymphocyte ethintekayo (ama-B cell noma ama-T cell), ukuthi amaseli avuthwe kangakanani uma eba nomdlavuza, nezinye izici. 

I-B-cell vs T-cell lymphomas

I-lymph system yakhiwa ikakhulukazi ama-lymphocyte, uhlobo lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi asiza umzimba ukuba ulwe nezifo. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziyinhloko zama-lymphocyte:

• Ama-lymphocyte B (amaseli B): Amaseli B ngokuvamile asiza ukuvikela umzimba emagciwaneni (amagciwane noma amagciwane) ngokwenza amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi amasosha omzimba. Amasosha omzimba anamathela emagciwaneni, awamaka ukuze abhujiswe ezinye izingxenye zamasosha omzimba.
• Ama-T lymphocyte (ama-T cell): Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-T cell. Amanye ama-T cell abhubhisa amagciwane noma amangqamuzana angavamile emzimbeni. Amanye ama-T cell asiza ekukhuliseni noma ehlise ukusebenza kwamanye amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba.

I-Lymphoma ingaqala kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-lymphocyte, kodwa i-B-cell lymphomas ivame kakhulu.

Indolent vs. aggressive lymphomas

Izinhlobo ze-NHL zingaphinda ziqoqwe ngokusekelwe ekutheni zikhula futhi zisakazeke ngokushesha kangakanani:

• I-Indolent lymphomas akhule futhi asakazeke kancane kancane Amanye ama-lymphoma angenzi lutho angase angadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kodwa angabhekwa eduze. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-indolent lymphoma e-United States yi-follicular lymphoma.
• I-Aggressive lymphomas zikhule futhi zisakazeke ngokushesha, futhi ngokuvamile zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-aggressive lymphoma e-United States i-diffuse big cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma, njenge i-mantle cell lymphoma, azingeni kahle kwesinye salezi zigaba.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani, wonke ama-non-Hodgkin lymphoma angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye ze-lymph system uma engelashwa. Ekugcineni, zingasakazekela nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengesibindi, ubuchopho, noma umnkantsha.

Ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ze-NHL

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), ngakho ukuhlukanisa kungase kudideke (ngisho nakodokotela). Kusetshenziswe amasistimu amaningana ahlukene, kodwa uhlelo lwakamuva kakhulu yilona Ukuhlukaniswa kweWorld Health Organisation (WHO).. Uhlelo lwe-WHO luhlanganisa i-lymphomas ngokusekelwe kulokhu: 

• Uhlobo lwe-lymphocyte i-lymphoma luqala phakathi
• Indlela i-lymphoma ebukeka ngayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope
• Izici ze-chromosome zamaseli e-lymphoma
• Ukuba khona kwamaprotheni athile ebusweni bamangqamuzana omdlavuza

Izimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma zingabandakanya:

• Ama-lymph nodes avuvuke entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni noma e-groin
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuvuvukala
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
• Fever
• Izithukuthuku ebusuku
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe

Izici zobungozi ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Noma yini ethuthukisa amathuba akho okuba nesifo esinjengomdlavuza kuthathwa njengento eyingozi. Izici eziyingozi zezifo ezihlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka. Ezinye izici eziyingozi, njengokubhema, ziyalungiseka. Ezinye, njengeminyaka yomuntu noma umlando womndeni, akunakwenzeka ukunquma.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi unesici esiyingozi, noma izici ezimbalwa zobungozi, akubonisi ukuthi uzosithola isifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi abanalesi simo banezingozi ezincane noma abanazo nhlobo.

Abacwaningi bathole izinto eziningi ezingaba nomthelela engozini yomuntu yokuthuthukisa i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-lymphoma, futhi ezinye zalezi zici zihlobene kuphela nezinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma.

• Ubudala: Ukuguga kuyisici esinamandla sengozi ye-lymphoma isiyonke, futhi izimo eziningi zenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engu-60 noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa ezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma zivame kakhulu kubantu abasha.
• Ubulili: Sekukonke, ingozi ye-NHL iphezulu emadodeni. kunakwabesifazane , kodwa kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-NHL ezivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Izizathu zalokhu azaziwa.
• Umlando womndeni: Ukuba nesihlobo seziqu zokuqala (umzali, ingane, ingane yakini) ne-NHL kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-NHL.
• Izidakamizwa nokuchayeka kwamakhemikhali: Amakhemikhali afana ne-benzene namanye ama-herbicides nezibulala-zinambuzane (izinhlanganisela zokhula nezibulala izinambuzane) ahlotshaniswa nengozi ephakeme ye-NHL kwezinye izifundo. Uphenyo mayelana nalezi zinsolo zokuxhumana lusaqhubeka.

  Eminye imithi ye-chemotherapy esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izifo ezimbi iye yaxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola i-NHL eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Iziguli eziye zelashelwa i-Hodgkin lymphoma, isibonelo, zisengozini enkulu yokuthola i-NHL kamuva. Kodwa-ke, akucaci ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene nokugula noma umthelela oseceleni wokwelashwa.

  Imithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo samathambo (RA), njenge-methotrexate ne-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, iye yaxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe ye-NHL kwezinye izifundo. Ezinye izifundo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, azizange zibonise ubufakazi bengozi eyengeziwe. Iqiniso lokuthi abantu abane-RA, isifo esizimele, sebevele benengozi ephezulu ye-NHL kwenza kube nzima ukunquma ukuthi le mithi iyayithuthukisa yini ingozi.

• Ukuchayeka emisebeni:

  Abasinde ezingozini zamabhomu e-athomu kanye nezingozi ze-nuclear reactor basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza njenge-NHL, i-leukemia, kanye umdlavuza we-thyroid, ngokwezifundo.

  Iziguli ezithole ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwezinye izifo ezibulalayo, njenge-Hodgkin lymphoma, zisengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola i-NHL kamuva ekuphileni. Iziguli ezithola kokubili ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali zisengozini enkulu.

• Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka: Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka banengozi eyengeziwe ye-NHL. Ngokwesibonelo:

  Abantu abafakelwa izitho zomzimba belashwa ngezidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba ukuze angakwazi ukuhlasela isitho esisha. Laba bantu basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-NHL.
  Igciwane lesandulela ngculazi (i-HIV) lingenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka, futhi abantu abatheleleke nge-HIV basengozini enkulu ye-NHL.
  Kwezinye izifo zofuzo (ezizuzwe njengefa), njenge-ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) kanye nesifo se-Wiskott-Aldrich, izingane zizalwa zinesimiso sokuzivikela ezifweni esintula. Kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka okukhulu, lezi zingane nazo zinengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-NHL.

• Izifo ze-Autoimmune:

  I-Rheumatoid arthritis, i-systemic lupus erythematosus (i-SLE noma i-lupus), isifo sika-Sjogren, isifo se-celiac (i-gluten-sensitive enteropathy), nezinye izifo ezizimele zonke zihlotshaniswe nengozi enkulu ye-NHL.

  Amasosha omzimba azenza izicubu zomzimba ngendlela engafanele futhi azihlasele njengoba bekungenza igciwane ezifweni ze-autoimmune. Ama-lympocyte (amangqamuzana abangela i-lymphomas) amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba. Ama-lympocyte angase athuthuke futhi ahlukanise kaningi kunokuvamile ngenxa yesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba esisebenza ngokweqile ezinkingeni ze-autoimmune. Lokhu kungenza kube lula ukuthi babe ngamaseli e-lymphoma.

• Amagciwane: Ezinye izinhlobo zezifo zingase ziphakamise ingozi ye-NHL ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izifo eziguqula ngokuqondile ama-lymphocyte. Amanye amagciwane angathinta ngqo i-DNA yama-lymphocyte, asize ukuwaguqula abe amangqamuzana omdlavuza:

  Ukutheleleka nge-human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) kwandisa ingozi yomuntu yezinhlobo ezithile ze T-cell lymphoma. Leli gciwane livame kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye ze-Japan kanye nesifunda sase-Caribbean, kodwa litholakala emhlabeni wonke. E-United States, kubangela ngaphansi kwe-1% ye-lymphomas. I-HTLV-1 isakazeka ngocansi kanye negazi elingcolile futhi ingadluliselwa ezinganeni ngobisi lwebele oluvela kumama onegciwane.
  Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) kuyisici esibalulekile esiyingozi I-Burkitt lymphoma kwezinye izingxenye ze-Afrika. Emazweni athuthukile njenge-United States, i-EBV ivame ukuxhunyaniswa ne-lymphomas kubantu abangenwe yi-HIV, igciwane elidala ingculaza. I-EBV iphinde yaxhunyaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile ze-lymphoma.
  Igciwane le-herpes 8 (HHV-8) lingaphinda litheleleke ngama-lymphocyte, okuholela ohlotsheni olungavamile lwe-lymphoma olubizwa ngokuthi i-primary effusion lymphoma. Le lymphoma ivame ukubonakala ezigulini ezitheleleke nge-HIV. Ukutheleleka kwe-HHV-8 nakho kuxhunyaniswa nomunye umdlavuza, i-Kaposi sarcoma. Ngalesi sizathu, elinye igama laleli gciwane lithi Kaposi igciwane le-herpes elihlobene ne-sarcoma (KSHV).

• Amagciwane enza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka:
  Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), elaziwa nangokuthi igciwane lengculazi, kungawenza buthaka amasosha omzimba. Ukutheleleka nge-HIV kuyisici esiyingozi sokuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezithile ze-NHL, njenge-primary CNS lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, kanye nokusabalalisa i-B-cell lymphoma enkulu.

• Izifo ezibangela ukugqugquzelwa komzimba okungamahlalakhona:
  Ezinye izifo zesikhathi eside zingase zandise ingozi yomuntu ye-lymphoma ngokuphoqa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ukuba sisebenze njalo. Njengoba ama-lymphocyte engeziwe enziwa ukulwa nokutheleleka, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezibalulekile kwenzeke, okungase ekugcineni kuholele ku-lymphoma. Amanye ama-lymphomas axhumene nalezi zifo empeleni aba ngcono uma ukutheleleka zelashwa.

  I-Helicobacter pylori, uhlobo lwamabhaktheriya aziwa ukuthi abangela izilonda zesisu, luye lwaxhunyaniswa ne-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma yesisu.
  I-Chlamydophila psittaci (phambilini eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-Chlamydia psittaci) wuhlobo lwebhaktheriya elingabangela izifo zamaphaphu okuthiwa i-psittacosis. Kuye kwaxhunyaniswa ne-MALT lymphoma ezicutshini ezizungeze iso (okuthiwa i-ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma).
  Ukutheleleka nge-bacterium Campylobacter jejuni kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nohlobo lwe-MALT lymphoma ebizwa ngokuthi i-immunoproliferative small intestinal disease. Lolu hlobo lwe-lymphoma, ngezinye izikhathi olubizwa ngokuthi i-Medithera abdominal lymphoma, luvame ukuvela kubantu abasha emazweni asempumalanga yeMedithera.
  Ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside ngegciwane le-hepatitis C (HCV) kubonakala kuyingozi yezinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma, njenge-splenic marginal zone lymphoma.
  Isisindo somzimba
  Ezinye izifundo ziye zaphakamisa ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala kungase kwandise ingozi yakho ye-NHL. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe lokhu okutholakele. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuhlala unesisindo esinempilo, ukuzigcina umatasa ngokomzimba, nokulandela iphethini yokudla enempilo ehlanganisa izithelo eziningi, imifino, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele, futhi okukhawulela noma ukugwema inyama ebomvu negayiwe, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, nokudla okugayiwe kakhulu kuye kwadingeka. izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo ezaziwayo ngaphandle komthelela ongaba khona engcupheni ye-lymphoma.

• Ukufakelwa kwebele:
  Nakuba kuyivelakancane, abanye besifazane abafakelwa amabele benza uhlobo lwe-anaplastic big cell lymphoma (ALCL) ebeleni labo. Lokhu kubonakala sengathi kungenzeka kakhulu ngezigxivizo ezinokwakheka (okumaholo) (okungafani nendawo ebushelelezi).

Ukuxilongwa kwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo womuntu siqu kanye nomndeni. Angase akwenzele ukuhlolwa kanye nezinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Udokotela wakho uhlola ama-lymph nodes avuvukele, okuhlanganisa entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni nasezinqeni, kanye nobende oluvuvukele noma isibindi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kungasiza ekukhipheni ukutheleleka noma esinye isifo.
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho angase atuse ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuze ubheke izimpawu zamaseli e-lymphoma kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuhlola kungase kuhlanganise CT, I-MRI kanye ne-positron emission tomography (PET).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node. Udokotela wakho angancoma inqubo ye-lymph node biopsy ukuze kukhishwe yonke noma ingxenye ye-lymph node ukuze kuhlolwe ilabhorethri. Ukuhlaziya izicubu ze-lymph node elebhu kungaveza ukuthi une-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma futhi, uma kunjalo, yiluphi uhlobo.
• Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha. I-biopsy yomnkantsha kanye nenqubo ye-aspiration ihlanganisa ukufaka inaliti ku-hipbone yakho ukuze ukhiphe isampula yomnkantsha. Isampula iyahlaziywa ukuze kubhekwe amaseli e-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
• I-Lumbar puncture (impompi yomgogodla). Uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ukuthi i-lymphoma ingase ithinte uketshezi oluzungeze umgogodla wakho, udokotela wakho angase atuse inqubo yokususa uketshezi oluthile ukuze luhlolwe. Ngesikhathi sompompi womgogodla, udokotela ufaka inaliti encane emseleni womgogodla endaweni yakho engezansi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Kunenombolo yokwelashwa okungeyona i-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) etholakalayo. Imininingwane ye-lymphoma yakho, njengezinhlobo zamangqamuzana ahilelekile futhi uma i-lymphoma yakho inolaka, izonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa noma inhlanganisela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe. Udokotela wakho uzophinde acabangele impilo yakho yonke kanye nezinto ozikhethayo.

Ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma i-lymphoma yakho ibonakala ikhula kancane (ivilapha) futhi ingadali izimpawu noma izimpawu. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi uzihlole njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze uhlole impilo yakho futhi ubone ukuthi umdlavuza wakho uyaqhubeka yini.

Udokotela wakho angase atuse ukwelashwa uma i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) yakho inolaka noma idala izimpawu nezimpawu. Phakathi kwamathuba kukhona:

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha yamangqamuzana omdlavuza abulalayo. Ingathathwa ngomlomo noma ngomjovo. Imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ingasetshenziswa yodwa, nama-ejenti engeziwe e-chemotherapy, noma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Nge-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), i-chemotherapy iyindlela yokwelapha yomugqa wokuqala edumile. Kungenzeka futhi uma i-lymphoma yakho ibuya ngemva kokwelashwa kwakho kokuqala.

I-Chemotherapy iphinde isetshenziswe njengengxenye yokufakelwa komnkantsha, owaziwa nangokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell, yabantu abane non-lymphoma. I-Hodgkin's Chemotherapy ngemithamo ephezulu kakhulu ingasiza umzimba wakho ulungiselele ukufakelwa.

Ukwelashwa kwamafutha

Ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, imisebe Ukwelapha kusebenzisa imishayo yamandla enamandla amakhulu njengama-X-ray nama-proton. Ulala phezu kwetafula ngenkathi uthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe, futhi umshini omkhulu uzungeza wena, uqondise imishayo yamandla ezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni wakho.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungase kube ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha ezinhlotsheni ezithile ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ikakhulukazi uma i-lymphoma ikhula kancane futhi ithinta indawo eyodwa noma ezimbili kuphela. Imisebe isetshenziswa njalo ngemva kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukuze kuqedwe noma yimaphi amaseli e-lymphoma asele. Imisebe ingaqondiswa kuma-lymph nodes ahlukumezekile kanye nendawo ezungezile yamanodi lapho isifo singasakazeka khona.

Imithi yokwelashwa ehlosiwe

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okuhlosiwe kugxile kokungajwayelekile okuthile okukhona kumaseli omdlavuza. Ngokuvimbela lokhu okungahambi kahle, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okuhlosiwe kungabangela ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza afe.

Nge-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, izidakamizwa ezihlosiwe zingasetshenziswa zodwa, kodwa ngokuvamile zihlanganiswa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Le nhlanganisela ingasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwakho kokuqala futhi njengokwelashwa kwesibili uma i-lymphoma yakho ibuya.

Ubunjiniyela bamasosha omzimba ukulwa ne-lymphoma

Ukwelashwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy ithatha ama-T cell omzimba wakho alwa namagciwane, iwathuthukise ukuze alwe nomdlavuza futhi awabuyisele emzimbeni wakho.

I-CAR-T cell therapy kungase kube inketho yezinhlobo ezithile ze-B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ezingakaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo

Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell, kuhilela ukusebenzisa imithamo ephezulu ye-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe ukucindezela umnkantsha wakho kanye namasosha omzimba. Khona-ke amaseli esiqu somnkantsha anempilo emzimbeni wakho noma avela kumnikeli afakwa egazini lakho lapho aya khona emathanjeni akho futhi akhe kabusha umongo wakho.

Kubantu abane-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ukufakelwa komnkantsha kungase kube inketho uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasizi.

immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy uhlobo lokwelashwa komdlavuza olusebenzisa amasosha akho omzimba. Ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza enza amaprotheni awasizayo acashe kumaseli omzimba omzimba, amasosha omzimba wakho alwa nezifo angahle angahlaseli umdlavuza wakho. I-Immunotherapy isebenza ngokuphazamisa izinqubo zemvelo zesistimu yomzimba.

Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile, imithi ye-immunotherapy ingase ibe inketho yezinhlobo ezithile ze-non-lymphoma. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-CAR T-Cell

Ukwelashwa kwe-CAR T-cell iyindlela yokwelapha esebenzayo kwabanye abantu abane-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) abaye babuyela emuva noma abahlulekile ukusabela ekwelashweni kwangaphambili (okuphikisayo). Ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okubandakanya ukushintsha ngokofuzo amaseli T esiguli ukuze kuliwe nomdlavuza. Eziningana Ukwelashwa kwe-CAR T-cell ngoba i-lymphoma igunyazwe yi-FDA. UDana-FarberI-Brigham and Women's Cancer Centre (DF/BWCC) ingesinye sezikhungo zokuqala zomdlavuza ukunikeza imvume ye-FDA Ukwelashwa kwe-CAR T-cell ezigulini ezihlulekile ukuphendula kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.