Lymphoma

Iyini i-lymphoma?

I-Lymphoma iwuhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, oluyingxenye yendlela yokulwa namagciwane emzimbeni. Ama-lymph nodes (ama-lymph glands), i-spleen, i-thymus gland, nomnkantsha wethambo zonke ziyingxenye yesistimu ye-lymphatic. Zonke lezi zindawo, kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba wonke, zingathinteka yi-lymphoma.

I-Lymphoma ivela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezincane eziyinhloko:

I-lymphoma kaHodgkin (eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sikaHodgkin) wuhlobo lwe-lymphoma.

I-Hodgkin engeyona i-lymphoma (NHL) wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta i-lymphatic system.

Ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma efanele kuwe kunqunywa ohlotsheni nobukhulu be-lymphoma yakho. I-Chemotherapy, imithi ye-immunotherapy, ukwelapha ngemisebe, ukufakelwa komnkantsha, noma inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela zokwelapha ingase isetshenziselwe ukwelapha i-lymphoma.

Izimpawu ze-lymphoma

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-lymphoma zingabandakanya:

• Ukuvuvukala okungenabuhlungu kwama-lymph nodes entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni noma ku-groin
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
• Fever
• Izithukuthuku ebusuku
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
• Isikhumba esinamahloni

Izinkinga ze-lymphoma

I-Lymphoma ibangelwa isici esingaziwa, ngokusho kodokotela. Kodwa konke kuqala ngokuguqulwa kofuzo engqamuzaneni legazi elimhlophe elilwa nesifo elibizwa ngokuthi i-lymphocyte. Ukuguquka kwesimo kubangela ukuthi ingqamuzana likhule ngokushesha, okuholela enanini elikhulu lama-lymphocyte agulayo aqhubeka anda.

Uguquko luphinde luvumele amaseli ukuthi aphile lapho amanye amangqamuzana ngokuvamile efa. Lokhu kubangela ukuchichima ngokweqile kwama-lymphocyte angasebenzi kahle nangasebenzi kahle kuma-lymph nodes akho, okubangela ukuvuvukala kuma-lymph nodes, ubende nesibindi.

Izici zengozi 

I-Lymphoma ingabangelwa izici eziningi, kuhlanganise:

Ubudala: Ezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma zivame kakhulu kubantu abasha, kanti ezinye zitholakala kaningi kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55.

Owesilisa: Abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-lymphoma kunabesifazane.

Amasosha omzimba: I-Lymphoma ivame kakhulu kulabo abanezifo zamasosha omzimba noma abasebenzisa imishanguzo yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.

Amagciwane: Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr kanye nokutheleleka kwe-Helicobacter pylori, isibonelo, kuxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe ye-lymphoma.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-lymphoma

I-Lymphoma itholakala ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo nezinqubo ezilandelayo:

Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Ama-lymph nodes avuvukele, njengalawo asentanyeni, emakhwapheni, nase-groyne, kanye nobende oluvuvukele noma isibindi, ahlolwa udokotela wakho.

I-lymph node biopsy: A lymph node biopsy technique, which involves removing all or part of a lymph node for laboratory testing, may be recommended by your doctor. Advanced testing can establish whether or whether lymphoma cells are present, as well as the sorts of cells involved.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukubala inani lamangqamuzana esampula yegazi lakho kunganikeza amacebiso kudokotela wakho mayelana nesimo sakho.

I-Bone marrow biopsy: Inaliti ishuthekwa ku-hipbone yakho ukuze kukhishwe isampula yomnkantsha ngesikhathi sokufuna umnkantsha kanye nenqubo ye-biopsy. Isampula liyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi linamaseli e-lymphoma.
Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe kuyenziwa. Izifundo zokucabanga ukucinga ubufakazi be-lymphoma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho zinganconywa udokotela wakho. I-CT, i-MRI, ne-positron emission tomography ezinye zezivivinyo ezingase zisetshenziswe (PET).

Ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma

Uhlobo nesiteji se-lymphoma yakho, kanye nempilo yakho yonke kanye nezintandokazi zakho, kuzonquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ze-lymphoma ezingcono kakhulu kuwe. Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kubeke isifo ekuxolelweni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma kuhlanganisa:

Ukubhekwa: Ezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma zikhula kancane kakhulu. Lapho i-lymphoma yakho iqala izimpawu nezimpawu eziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho evamile, wena nodokotela wakho ningase ninqume ukulinda ukuyiphatha. Ungase uhlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlole isimo sakho kuze kube yileso sikhathi.

I-Chemotherapy: I-Chemotherapy uhlobo lokwelapha olusebenzisa imithi ukubulala amangqamuzana akhula ngokushesha, njengamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Imithi ngokuvamile inikezwa ngomthambo, kodwa kuye ngemithi oyitholayo, ingaphuzwa futhi njengamaphilisi.

Ukwelashwa kwamafutha wuhlobo lokwelapha olubandakanya ukusetshenziswa Ukubulala amaseli omdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imishayo yamandla enamandla amakhulu njengama-X-ray nama-proton.

Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wamathambo: Ukufakelwa komnkantsha, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell, kuhlanganisa ukucindezela umnkantsha wakho ngemithamo enzima ye-chemotherapy nemisebe. Khona-ke, kungaba emzimbeni wakho siqu noma kumnikeli, amaseli esiqu somnkantsha anempilo ampontshelwa egazini lakho, lapho aya khona emathanjeni akho futhi alungise umnkantsha wakho.
Other therapies are available. Targeted medications that target specific abnormalities in your cancer cells are also used to treat lymphoma. Cancer cells are killed by immunotherapy medications, which harness your immune system to do so. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a specialist treatment that takes your body’s germ-fighting T cells, genetically modifies them to fight cancer, and then reintroduces them into your body.