Umdlavuza we-Germ cell ovarian

Amangqamuzana okuzala ama-ovarian (amangqamuzana amagciwane) adala umdlavuza wamangqamuzana amagciwane. Izitho ezimbili ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-ovari zitholakala ku-pelvic. Isimiso sokuzala sowesifazane sihlanganisa ama-ovari. Bakha amahomoni abesifazane namaqanda.

Iningi le-benign germ cell malignancies kuma-ovari (hhayi umdlavuza). Akuvamisile ukuthi amathumba abe yi-carcinogenic (umdlavuza). Nakuba zingakhula nakwabesifazane asebekhulile, izimila zamangqamuzana egciwane lesandulela ngculazi zivame ukuvela kwabesifazane abasebasha abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-20. Isimila sivame ukuvela esibelethweni esisodwa kuphela.

I-Chemotherapy noma ukuhlinzwa izindlela ezimbili zokwelapha izimila ezinomdlavuza. Ukubikezelwa kuncike esigabeni somdlavuza, ubukhulu besimila, futhi uma sesisabalele kwezinye izindawo zomzimba wakho. Iningi lamagciwane umdlavuza wamangqamuzana ziyelapheka.

Izinhlobo zama-ovarian germ cell tumors

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-germ cell tumors. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-ovarian germ cell tumors yilezi:

• I-Dysgerminoma: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwegciwane le-ovarian eliyingozi isisu.
• I-teratoma ekhulile (i-dermoid cyst noma i-ovarian cyst): Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-benign ovarian germ cell tumor. Lezi zimila ezingenamdlavuza ngokuvamile zikhula emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane abasebasha.
• I-teratoma ye-ovarian engavuthiwe: Lesi simila esiyingozi singasakazeka sisuka esibelethweni sakho siye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.
• Izicubu ze-endodermal sinus: Abahlinzeki baphinde babize lesi simila esiyingozi ngesithumba se-yolk sac. Lezi zimila zikhula ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile zithinta izingane nabesifazane abasebasha.

Izimpawu nezimpawu

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zakuqala ze ama-ovarian germ cell cancers kungase kube inselele ukukhomba. Izimpawu zesimila esiyingozi ngokuvamile azibonakali kuze kube yilapho umdlavuza ususakazekile. Okulandelayo izimpawu zawo wonke ama-ovarian germ cell tumors:

• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic noma ukuzwela: Ukungakhululeki kwe-pelvic, i-cramping kanye nobuhlungu be-ovarian yizimpawu ezivamile ze-germ cell tumors.
• Isisu esivuvukele (isisu): Abesifazane abasebasha namantombazane bangase babe nesisu esikhukhumele noma ngaphandle kwesisindo kwezinye izindawo zomzimba.
• Isicanucanu noma ubunzima bokudla.
• Ukushintsha kwemikhuba yamathumbu (ukuqunjelwa).
• Ukopha okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lolu wuphawu olungavamile kakhulu lwamathumba amangqamuzana amagciwane. Kwesinye isikhathi, abantu abanalezi zimila bavame iphutha ukopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ngomjikelezo wabo wokuya esikhathini ojwayelekile. Kodwa ukopha okubangelwa isimila se-ovarian germ cell akufani nokopha ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Abesifazane asebekhulile bangase babe nokopha ngemva kokuya esikhathini.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-germ cell ovarian tumor

Ukuxilongwa kwe-germ cell ovarian tumors kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezilandelayo nezikena:

• Ukuhlolwa kwepelvic, ukuhlola ukukhula nokunye okungavamile esiswini sakho, okhalweni kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• I-Pap smear, ukuhlolwa okubheka amaseli angavamile emlonyeni wakho wesibeletho (ingxenye engezansi yesibeletho).
• I-Laparoscopy, inqubo esebenzisa ukusika okuncane (ukusika) futhi isiza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi abheke izitho zakho. Abahlinzeki bangase futhi basuse ama-ovari futhi bathathe amasampula ezicubu ukuze ahlolwe (i-biopsy).
• I-Laparotomy, inqubo edinga ukusika okukhulu ukuze ubone ingxenye enkulu yesisu sakho.
• I-ultrasound ye-pelvic ye-Transvaginal, ukubona izithombe zezitho zakho zokuzala.
• CT scan, ukuze ubone izithombe ezinemininingwane yezitho zakho zokuzala nezinye izicubu ezithambile futhi uhlole izimila.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-serum tumor marker, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola amazinga ezinto ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Amazinga aphezulu e-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), i-LDH noma i-chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) yabantu angaba izimpawu zamathumba amangqamuzana amagciwane.
• I-MRI, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezikhiqiza izithombe zezitho, izicubu ezithambile nezimila kusetshenziswa uzibuthe onamandla amakhulu namaza omsakazo.

izigaba 

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kutholakala izimila zamangqamuzana amagciwane. I-Oophorectomy yindlela yokuhlinzwa esetshenziselwa ukususa i-ovary. Ngemva kokuxilongwa kwezicubu zamangqamuzana amagciwane, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlela lesi simo futhi basihlukanise ngezigaba. Ubukhulu nendawo yesimila kuhlolwa ochwepheshe. Bahlola ukuthi ingabe isimila sithuthele ezicutshini eziseduze noma kwezinye izifunda zomzimba.

Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan ukuze uthole lolu lwazi. Ithimba lakho lokunakekela umdlavuza lingahlola isigaba sesifo ngosizo lwalokhu kuhlola.

Isigaba soku-1 sesimila segciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngokuvamile sisho ukuthi isifo esiyingozi asikadluleli kuma-ovaries, amashubhu e-fallopian, noma isisu. Izigaba 2 kuya kwezi-4 zibonisa uhlobo oluthuthuke kakhulu lwesifo esinesimila esikhudlwana. "I-metastasized" (isabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba).

Ukwelashwa kwe-germ cell ovarian tumor

Uhlobo lwesimila kanye nesigaba sesifo sithinta inkambo yokwelashwa. Ngemva kokuba isimila sesikhishiwe ngokuhlinzwa, odokotela bangase bacebise ukuba sibhekwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bahlola izinkomba zokukhula kwesimila ngesikhathi sokuqokwa okujwayelekile ukuze bakuqaphe. Amathumba e-ovarian germ cell tumors ngokuvamile aphathwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuze ukhiphe eyodwa noma womabili ama-ovaries akho noma amashubhu e-fallopian, udokotela wakho angase anikeze i-oophorectomy. Ungadinga i-hysterectomy ephelele uma umdlavuza usudlulele kuma-ovari namashubhu e-fallopian. Udokotela wakho uzosikhipha isibeletho nomlomo wesibeletho phakathi nalokhu kwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele inqubo yokuhlasela kancane. Kudingeka isikhathi esincane sokululama ngalokhu kwelashwa, okusebenzisa ukusika okuncane.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Uchwepheshe wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokuvamile unikeza imithi ye-chemotherapy ngokufakwa komunye wemithambo yakho. Imithi iqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi ivimbele ukukhula kwawo. Izikhathi ze-chemotherapy zingathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa.