Inkinga yomdlavuza webele
Umdlavuza webele yisimila esibi esivamile sowesifazane esisongela kakhulu impilo engokomzimba nengqondo yabesifazane, ngakho waziwa nangokuthi “umbulali obomvu”. Izibalo zikhomba ukuthi umdlavuza webele udala ukufa kwabantu abangu-458,000 12.2 ngonyaka, kanti izinga lawo liyakhula emhlabeni jikelele. Eminyakeni yamuva, izigameko zomdlavuza webele eNdiya zikhule ngokushesha, futhi kunomkhuba wentsha. Umdlavuza webele usuphenduke umdlavuza ovame kakhulu kwabesifazane baseNdiya. Isibalo somdlavuza wamabele amasha nokufa kwabantu e-India unyaka ngamunye sifinyelela ku-9.6% kanye no-XNUMX% wengqikithi yomhlaba.
Ukwelashwa umdlavuza webele
Umdlavuza webele awumubi. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kuzuze inqubekelaphambili esheshayo. Umdlavuza webele ungenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokwelapha umdlavuza webele. Ngokwezibalo, izinga leminyaka emihlanu lokusinda komdlavuza webele e-United States lingama-89%, kanti izinga leminyaka emihlanu lokusinda kweziguli ezinomdlavuza webele eChina lingama-73.1%. Singaphatha umdlavuza webele njengesifo esingelapheki, hhayi isifo esingelapheki.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa + ngamakhemikhali noma i-radiotherapy. Ukwelashwa okuvamile ukususa isilonda sesimila ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, i-radiotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy kusetshenziswa ukubulala amangqamuzana asele e-tumor futhi kuvimbele ukuphindeka kwesimila. Nokho, ucwaningo lwesayensi lubonisa ukuthi akuzona zonke iziguli ezinomdlavuza webele ezidinga ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, futhi ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali akusizi kwezinye iziguli ezinomdlavuza webele. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okungafuneki futhi kubulala inqwaba yamangqamuzana omuntu avamile, okuyingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo lomdlavuza wamabele okwasungulwa ososayensi baseMelika kungasiza iziguli ezinomdlavuza webele zigweme ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okungadingekile. Ukuvela, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye ne-metastasis yomdlavuza webele kuhlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Ukuhlola isakhi sofuzo somdlavuza webele wama-21 kungathola lezi zakhi zofuzo eziguqukayo, kubikezele amathuba okuphinda kweziguli ezinomdlavuza webele, futhi kusize iziguli ezinomdlavuza webele zikhethe noma zigweme ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wezakhi zofuzo zonke kungahlola izidakamizwa eziqondiswe ukwelapha lokhu kuguquka, ukuzuza umphumela omkhulu wokwelapha kanye nemiphumela emincane enobuthi nemiphumela engemihle, kanye nokuzuza ukwelashwa komuntu siqu okunembayo.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kumdlavuza webele
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Breast 21 oncogene kungasiza odokotela neziguli banqume ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu. Ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezingama-21, bheka ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze uthole izici zesimila, ukuze ubikezele amathuba okubuya komdlavuza webele kanye namathuba okuzuza okungenzeka kukhemotherapy. Ngamanye amazwi, iziguli zingakwazi ukuthi umdlavuza wazo webele uzophinde uvele yini ngokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo, amathuba okuba uphinde uvele, unqume ukuthi iziguli ezinomdlavuza wamabele ziyakudinga yini ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ngemva kokuhlinzwa, nendlela yokugwema ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali ngokweqile. Ukuze unqume izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zeziguli ezinomdlavuza webele, ukuthola ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi komuntu ngamunye.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo lomdlavuza webele we-21 kunenzuzo ezigulini ezine-estrogen receptor positive (ER +) yokuqala, ne-negative lymph node metastasis, kanye neziguli ezisanda kutholwa ezinomdlavuza webele ezizolashwa nge-tamoxifen. Ingabikezela amathuba okuphindeka komdlavuza webele kanye nethuba lenzuzo ye-chemotherapy. Ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, iziguli ezinomdlavuza webele we-lymph node-positive kanye ne-estrogen receptor-positive zingahlolwa ngofuzo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi isiguli siyaludinga yini ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze kuqondiswe ukwelashwa okunembile, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emi-5 kanye nezinga lokusinda lesikhathi eside leziguli ezinomdlavuza webele libe ngcono kakhulu. Umdlavuza webele usube ngesinye sezimila eziqinile ezinomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelapha.
