Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo
Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo kuyizinqubo ezibuyisela ama-stem cells akha igazi kubantu abaye bacekelwa phansi imithamo ephezulu kakhulu ye-chemotherapy noma yokwelapha ngemisebe esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza othile.
Ama-stem cells akha igazi abalulekile ngoba akhula abe yizinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli egazi. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaseli egazi yilezi:
- Amaseli egazi amhlophe, ayingxenye yamasosha akho omzimba futhi asiza umzimba wakho ukulwa nokutheleleka
- Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, athwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba wakho,
- Ama-Platelets, asiza i-clot yegazi
Udinga zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli egazi ukuze ube nempilo.
Izinhlobo zokufakelwa komnkantsha
Ekufakelweni kwe-stem cell, uthola ama-stem cells anempilo, akha igazi ngenaliti emthanjeni wakho. Uma esengene egazini, ama-stem cells aya emnkantsheni, lapho athatha indawo yamangqamuzana abhujiswe ukwelashwa. Ama-stem cells akha igazi asetshenziswa ekufakeni izithombo angavela emnkantsheni, emgudwini wegazi, noma enkabeni. Ukufakelwa kabusha kungaba:
- I-Autologous, okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana esiqu avela kuwe, isiguli
- I-Allogeneic, okusho ukuthi ama-stem cells aqhamuka komunye umuntu. Umnikeli angahle abe yisihlobo segazi kepha futhi angaba ngumuntu ongahlobene.
- I-Syngeneic, okusho ukuthi amaseli we-stem avela ewele lakho elifanayo uma unalo
Ukwehlisa imiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokwenza ngcono amathuba okuthi ukufakelwa kwe-allogeneic kuzosebenza, amaseli ama-stem akha igazi lomnikeli kufanele afane nelakho ngezindlela ezithile. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi amangqamuzana okwenza iziqu akha igazi afanelana kanjani, bheka Ukufakelwa Kweziqu Zama-Stem Cell.
Ukufakelwa komnkantsha kusebenza kanjani ekulweni nomdlavuza?
Ubani owamukela ukufakelwa i-stem cell ?
Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukusiza abantu abanezinkinga ezihlobene negazi njenge-Aplastic anemia, i-leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma. Zingase futhi zisetshenziselwe i-neuroblastoma kanye ne-myeloma eminingi.
Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kuyacwaningwa ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo, okuyizifundo zocwaningo ezibandakanya abantu.
Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kungabangela imiphumela emibi
Imithamo ephezulu yokwelashwa komdlavuza onayo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwe-stem cell ingabangela izinkinga ezifana nokopha kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma unesi mayelana neminye imiphumela engemihle ongase ube nayo nokuthi ingaba mibi kangakanani. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemiphumela engemihle nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani, bheka isigaba semiphumela emibi.
Uma une-allogeneic transplant, ungahle uhlakulele inkinga enkulu ebizwa nge-graft-versus-host disease. Isifo se-Graft-vs. Le nkinga ingadala ukulimala esikhunjeni sakho, esibindini, emathunjini, nakwezinye izitho eziningi. Kungenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ukufakelwa kabusha noma kamuva. Isifo se-Graft-versus-host singelashwa ngama-steroids noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha akho omzimba.
Lapho amaseli ama-stem cell wakho womnikeli esondela kakhulu efanelana nelakho, mancane amathuba okuthi ube nesifo sokuxhunyelelwa. Udokotela wakho futhi angazama ukukuvimbela ngokunikeza izidakamizwa zokucindezela amasosha akho omzimba.
Kubiza malini ukufakelwa komnkantsha?
Ukufakelwa kwamaseli ama-stem kuyizinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibiza kakhulu. Izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zihlanganisa ezinye izindleko zokufakelwa izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Khuluma nohlelo lwakho lwezempilo ngokuthi izokhokhela ziphi izinsizakalo. Ukukhuluma nehhovisi lebhizinisi lapho uya khona ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kungakusiza uqonde zonke izindleko ezihilelekile.
Yini ongayilindela ngenkathi uthola ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell?
Uma udinga ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell e-allogeneic, kuzodingeka uye esibhedlela esinesikhungo esikhethekile sokufakelwa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlala eduze nendawo yokufakelwa, kungadingeka ukuthi uhambe ekhaya ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwakho. Ungahle udinge ukuhlala esibhedlela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwakho, ungahle ube nakho njengesiguli esingalaliswayo, noma kungadingeka ukuthi ube sesibhedlela ingxenye kuphela yesikhathi. Uma ungekho esibhedlela, uzodinga ukuhlala ehhotela noma efulethini eliseduze. Izikhungo eziningi zokufakelwa zingasiza ekutholeni izindlu eziseduze.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo?
Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-stem cell kungathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuqeda. Le nqubo iqala ngokwelashwa kwemithamo ephezulu yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu okubili. Le ndlela yokwelashwa iqhubeka isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Uma usuqedile, uzoba nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula.
Okulandelayo, uzothola ama-stem cells akha igazi. Amaseli esiqu uzowanikezwa ngepayipi le-IV. Le nqubo ifana nokumpontshelwa igazi. Kuthatha ihora eli-1 kuye kwele-5 ukwamukela wonke amaseli eziqu.
Ngemuva kokuthola amangqamuzana esiqu, uqala isigaba sokululama. Ngalesi sikhathi, ulinda amangqamuzana egazi owatholile ukuthi aqale ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha.
Ngisho nangemva kokuba izibalo zegazi lakho sezibuyele kokujwayelekile, kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho alulame ngokuphelele — izinyanga ezimbalwa ukufakelwa i-autologous kanye nonyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili ekufakweni kwe-allogeneic noma i-syngeneic.
Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kungakuthinta kanjani?
Ukufakelwa kwama-stem cell kuthinta abantu ngezindlela ezihlukile. Indlela ozizwa ngayo incike ku:
- Uhlobo lokufakelwa onalo
- Imithamo yokwelashwa owawunayo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha
- Uphendula kanjani ekwelashweni okuphezulu
- Uhlobo lwakho lomdlavuza
- Umdlavuza wakho usuthuthuke kangakanani
- Ubuphilile kangakanani ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha
Njengoba abantu bephendula ukufakelwa kwamaseli ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, udokotela wakho noma abahlengikazi abakwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi le nqubo izokwenza uzizwe kanjani.
Ungatshela kanjani uma ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell yakho kusebenza?
Odokotela bazolandela inqubekela phambili yamaseli amasha egazi ngokubheka ukubalwa kwegazi lakho kaningi. Njengoba amangqamuzana asanda kutshalwa atshalwa ekhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi, ukubalwa kwegazi lakho kuzokhuphuka.
Izidingo ezikhethekile zokudla ze-BMT
Imithi yokwelashwa ephezulu onayo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwe-stem cell ingadala imiphumela emibi eyenza kube nzima ukuyidla, njengezilonda zomlomo kanye nesicanucanu. Tshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi wakho uma unenkinga yokudla ngenkathi uthola ukwelashwa. Ungakuthola futhi kuwusizo ukukhuluma nengcwethi ekudleni. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngokubhekana nezinkinga zokudla bheka incwajana ethi Eating Hints noma isigaba semiphumela engemihle.
Ukusebenza ngesikhathi sokufakelwa komnkantsha wakho
Ukuthi ungasebenza noma cha ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwesitokisi kungancika ohlotsheni lomsebenzi onawo. Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha kwe-stem cell, ngemithi yokwelashwa okuphezulu, ukufakelwa, nokubuyiselwa, kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga. Uzongena uphume esibhedlela ngalesi sikhathi. Noma ungekho esibhedlela, kwesinye isikhathi kuyodingeka uhlale eduze kwaso, kunokuhlala ekhaya lakho. Ngakho-ke, uma umsebenzi wakho ukuvumela, ungahle ufune ukuhlela ukusebenza kude kude netoho.
