Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibindi, izidakamizwa ezibhekiswe kumdlavuza wesibindi, inhlanganisela entsha yezidakamizwa zomdlavuza wesibindi kwandisa kakhulu ukusinda.
Umdlavuza & isilinganiso sokusinda
The number of people that survive for five years after being diagnosed with digestive system cancers seems to be particularly low in India compared to more advanced countries. Survival rates are just 19% for stomach cancer compared to 25-30% in most countries, with 58% surviving in South Korea. In India, the survival rate for umdlavuza colon is 37% while it is 50-59% in most countries and goes up to 65% in the US. Only 4% of umdlavuza wesibindi patients survive for five years in India compared to 10 to 20% elsewhere. Survival rates have dipped in the case of rectal cancer in India.
Even in breast and umdlavuza wendlala yesinye, where medical advances have ensured that over 80% of patients survive in advanced countries, only about 60% of Indian patients survive. Umdlavuza we-Ovarian survival rates have declined in India from 23% in 1995-99 to 14% in 2005-09. umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho survival rates are 46% compared to the global figure of 50%, but there is a slight decline in India from 47% in 2005. It is understood that there are one million new liver cancer patients worldwide each year, of which 55% are patients in China. About 110,000 people die of liver cancer each year in China, and the 5-year recurrence rate in China is as high as 70%. Liver cancer is highly malignant and highly contagious.
Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wesibindi
1. Cough: The liver mass stimulates the diaphragm. During breathing, it causes a reflex in the lungs to cause a cough, or liver cancer has lung metastases that cause a cough.
2. Ukukhathala: Amangqamuzana omdlavuza alimaza umsebenzi wokugcina isibindi futhi amandla omzimba ayancipha.
3. Ukwehla kwesisindo okungaqondakali: Amaseli womdlavuza adinga amandla nezakhamzimba eziningi kakhulu kunezicubu ezijwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhula, okuholela ekushodeni kokudla okunomsoco emzimbeni, ngakho iziguli zikhombisa ukwanda kwesisindo. Eminye imidlavuza nayo ikhombisa izimpawu zokumosha.
4. Izimpawu zesisu: Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya kuyenzeka. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zeziguli ezinomdlavuza wesibindi zizobhekana nezimpawu zezifo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla ekuqaleni, okufana nezifo zesisu.
5. Fever: mostly cancerous fever, which is mainly caused by the release of pyrogens into human blood circulation after isisu i-necrosis yezicubu.
6. Ukopha: izinsini ezophayo, ukulinyazwa kwesikhumba nezinye izimpawu.
7. Ubuhlungu: Ubuhlungu be-Hepatic kwenzeka ezigulini eziningi ezinomdlavuza wesibindi othuthukile.
Kungani kuneziguli eziningi zomdlavuza wesibindi emazweni asathuthuka? Ziyini izimbangela zomdlavuza wesibindi?
1. Utshwala nesifo sokusha kwesibindi sotshwala: Utshwala kanye ne-acetaldehyde enobuthi ye-metabolite kungabangela isibindi esinamafutha anotshwala, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala, ngisho ne-fibrosis yesibindi nomdlavuza wesibindi.
2. Ukukhuluphala nesibindi esinamafutha: Ukukhuluphala kungenye yezimbangela zezifo eziningi ezingapheli. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungabangela izinkinga zesibindi esinamafutha futhi kube kubi nakakhulu ku-cirrhosis nomdlavuza wesibindi. Ngokuvamile, naka amaphuzu angu-7 agcwele ukudla, imikhuba emihle yokuzivocavoca, udle amafutha amaningi kanye nendlela yokuphila yokudla okushukela.
3. Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo lwe-B/C: Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B no-C esingamahlalakhona siyizimbangela eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesibindi esikhathini esidlule, esibalelwa ku-60 ~ 70%. Ngokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele komgomo wokugomela i-hepatitis B ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, inani lokutheleleka nge-hepatitis B liye lehla. I-Hepatitis C nayo yayidume kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule. I-Hepatitis C okwamanje iyelapheka futhi usongo lwe-viral hepatitis luyancipha.
Ungawuvimbela kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi ekuphindaphindeni?
1. Ukwelashwa kokuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo. Ukuhlinzwa nokwelashwa okuhlobene nakho kungasusa izicubu eziningi zesimila, kepha amangqamuzana omdlavuza awakwazi ukususwa ngokuphelele. Amaseli omdlavuza asele anethuba eliphakeme lokuphindeka; ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokuhlanganiswa kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Imithi yendabuko yamaShayina nemithi yokuvikela isibindi nesibindi ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
2. Zilolonge ngokuzikhandla ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba akho nokumelana nezifo.
3. Ukudla okunomsoco, ukuqinisa ukudla okunomsoco, ukunciphisa ukuphuza amafutha nokunciphisa ukuhogela izinto ezinobuthi.
4. Gcina umcabango omuhle, imvamisa funda ukulungisa isimo sengqondo nemizwelo, uzuze inhlanganisela yomsebenzi nokuphumula, futhi ugweme ukusebenza ngokweqile. Ingcindezi nokukhathala kungadala ubuthakathaka emzimbeni, okungaholela ekuvikeleni umzimba kancane nasekuvikeleni umzimba okuncane, okungaholela kumdlavuza.
Welashwa kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi futhi imiphi imithi emisha?
Liver cancer treatment is mainly based on surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Izidakamizwa ezibhekiswe kumdlavuza wesibindi
| igama elijwayelekile | Igama Product | Target | Isikhathi sokuthengisa | I-China ibalwe | Umcwaningi woqobo | Uhlobo lwezidakamizwa |
| Sorafenib | UNexavar, uDogemei | KIT, VEGFR, PDGFR | 2005 | Yebo | Bayer | I-molecule encane |
| I-Regorafenib | I-Stivarga | Okuqondiwe okuningi | 2012 | cha | Bayer | I-molecule encane |
| URamucirumab | UCyramza | I-VEGFR2 | 2014 | Yebo | Eli Lilly | MAb |
| I-Lenvatinib | Lenvima | Okuqondiwe okuningi | 2015 | Yebo | U-Esai | I-molecule encane |
Inhlanganisela ye-atejizumab ne-bevacizumab ingcono kune-monotherapy
Recently, the European Society of Oncology 2019 (Asian Congress) held in Singapore announced the phase III of the tumor immunotherapy Tecentriq (atezolizumab, atuzumab) combined with Avastin (bevacizumab) first-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinical study IMbrave150 (NCT03434379). Compared to sorafenib, the first-line combination of atrezumab and bevacizumab has statistically and clinically improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The risk of death was reduced by 42% in patients receiving combination therapy, and the progression-free survival rate was 41% (no progression or risk of death).
In addition, in December 2018, the US FDA approved atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) as first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic non-squamous umdlavuza wamaphaphu weselula ongewona omncane without EGFR or ALK genome tumor aberrations. Based on data from group B of the IMpower150 study, compared with bevacizumab + chemotherapy, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy significantly prolonged patient survival (19.2 months vs 14.7 months).
I-Atuzumab iyi-antibody ye-PD-L1 futhi ingeye-tumor immunotherapy. Umuthi ungabophezela kuphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-PD-L1 evezwe kumaseli wesimila kanye nesimila esingena kumaseli omzimba omzimba, siyivimbele ku-PD-1 ne-B7. .1 ukusebenzisana kwesamukeli. Ngokuvimbela i-PD-1, i-atuzumab ingakwazi ukusebenzisa amaseli e-T, anamandla okusetshenziswa njengendlela yokwelapha eyinhlanganisela eyisisekelo ye-immunotherapy yomdlavuza, izidakamizwa ezihlosiwe kanye nokwelashwa okuhlukahlukene komdlavuza.
I-Bevacizumab iyi-angiogenesis inhibitor ehlose ukubopha ekukhuleni kwe-vascular endothelial factor (VEGF). I-VEGF ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ku-angiogenesis nasekulondolozeni umjikelezo wempilo yesimila. I-Avastin ithelela ukulethwa kwegazi kwezicubu ngokuzibophezela ngqo ku-VEGF, iyivimbele ekusebenzisaneni nama-receptors kumaseli emithambo yegazi. Ukunikezwa kwegazi lesimila kubhekwa njenge
ukhiye kwikhono layo lokukhula kanye ne-metastasize ku-vivo.
Kunesisekelo esiqinile sesayensi sokuhlanganisa i-atelizumab ne-bevacizumab, futhi inhlanganisela yale mithi emibili inamandla okuqinisa amasosha omzimba alwa nezicubu. Ngaphezu komphumela wayo osungulwe we-anti-angiogenic, i-bevacizumab ingaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i-atezumab ukubuyisa ukumelana nomzimba ngokuvimbela ukuzivikela komzimba okuhlobene ne-VEGF, ukukhuthaza ukungena kwe-T-cell tumor, nokuqalisa izimpendulo ze-T-cell kuma-antigen we-tumor. Ukuvikelwa ngumdlavuza.
