Jigar saratonini davolash, jigar saratoniga qarshi dorilar, jigar saratoni dorilarining yangi kombinatsiyasi omon qolishni sezilarli darajada uzaytiradi.
Saraton va hayot darajasi
The number of people that survive for five years after being diagnosed with digestive system cancers seems to be particularly low in India compared to more advanced countries. Survival rates are just 19% for stomach cancer compared to 25-30% in most countries, with 58% surviving in South Korea. In India, the survival rate for yo'g'on ichak saratoni is 37% while it is 50-59% in most countries and goes up to 65% in the US. Only 4% of jigar saratoni patients survive for five years in India compared to 10 to 20% elsewhere. Survival rates have dipped in the case of rectal cancer in India.
Even in breast and prostata saratoni, where medical advances have ensured that over 80% of patients survive in advanced countries, only about 60% of Indian patients survive. Ovarian saraton survival rates have declined in India from 23% in 1995-99 to 14% in 2005-09. Servikal saraton survival rates are 46% compared to the global figure of 50%, but there is a slight decline in India from 47% in 2005. It is understood that there are one million new liver cancer patients worldwide each year, of which 55% are patients in China. About 110,000 people die of liver cancer each year in China, and the 5-year recurrence rate in China is as high as 70%. Liver cancer is highly malignant and highly contagious.
Jigar saratonining dastlabki belgilari
1. Cough: The liver mass stimulates the diaphragm. During breathing, it causes a reflex in the lungs to cause a cough, or liver cancer has lung metastases that cause a cough.
2. Charchash: saraton hujayralari jigarni saqlash funktsiyasini buzadi va organizmning energiya ta'minoti kamayadi.
3. Aniq bo'lmagan vazn yo'qotish: saraton hujayralari o'sish jarayonida normal to'qimalarga qaraganda ancha ko'proq energiya va ozuqa moddalarini talab qiladi, bu tanadagi ovqatlanish etishmasligiga olib keladi, shuning uchun bemorlar tobora ortib borayotgan vazn yo'qotishlarini ko'rsatmoqdalar. Boshqa saraton kasalliklarida ham isrofgarchilik alomatlari seziladi.
4. Gastrointestinal simptomlar: Ovqat hazm qilish buzilishi paydo bo'ladi. Jigar saratoni bilan kasallangan bemorlarning taxminan uchdan bir qismi kasallikning dastlabki bosqichida oshqozon kasalliklariga o'xshash ovqat hazm qilish trakti kasalliklarining alomatlarini sezadi.
5. Fever: mostly cancerous fever, which is mainly caused by the release of pyrogens into human blood circulation after shish to'qimalar nekrozi.
6. Qon ketishi: tish go'shti qon ketishi, teri osti ko'karishi va boshqa alomatlar.
7. Og'riq: Jigar og'rig'i rivojlangan jigar saratoni bilan og'rigan bemorlarning ko'pchiligida uchraydi.
Rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarda nega jigar saratoniga chalingan bemorlar ko'p? Jigar saratonining sabablari nimada?
1. Alkogolizm va alkogolli gepatit: Spirtli ichimliklar va uning zaharli metaboliti asetaldegid alkogolli yog'li jigar, spirtli gepatit va hatto jigar fibrozi va jigar saratoniga olib kelishi mumkin.
2. Semirib ketish va jigarning yog‘lanishi: Semirib ketish ko‘plab surunkali kasalliklarning asosiy sabablaridan biridir. Semirib ketish jigarning yog‘lanishi bilan bog‘liq muammolarga olib kelishi va hatto siroz va jigar saratoniga olib kelishi mumkin. Odatda, dietaga to'la 7 ballga e'tibor bering, yaxshi mashq qilish odatlari, yuqori yog'li va yuqori shakarli oziq-ovqat turmush tarzini iste'mol qiling.
3. B / C virusli gepatiti: Surunkali gepatit B va C o'tmishda jigar saratonining asosiy sabablari bo'lib, taxminan 60 ~ 70% ni tashkil qiladi. Yangi tug'ilgan chaqaloqlar uchun gepatit B vaktsinasi to'liq amalga oshirilganda, firma B infektsiyasining ulushi kamaydi. Gepatit C ham bir necha yil oldin juda mashhur edi. Hozirgi vaqtda gepatit C ni davolash mumkin va virusli gepatit xavfi kamaymoqda.
Jigar saratoni qaytalanishini qanday oldini olish mumkin?
1. Faol konsolidatsiyalashni davolash. Jarrohlik va shunga o'xshash muolajalar ko'plab o'sma to'qimalarini olib tashlashi mumkin, ammo saraton hujayralarini to'liq olib tashlash mumkin emas. Qoldiq saraton hujayralari takrorlanish ehtimoli yuqori; shuning uchun konsolidatsiya davolash o'z vaqtida bajarilishi kerak. An'anaviy xitoylik tibbiyot va jigar va jigarni himoya qilish uchun dori-darmonlarni uzoq vaqt davomida ishlatish mumkin.
2. Immunitetingizni va kasalliklarga chidamliligingizni kuchaytirish uchun faol mashq qiling.
3. Balansli ovqatlanish, ovqatlanishni kuchaytirish, yog'ni iste'mol qilishni kamaytirish va toksik moddalarni inhalatsiyasini kamaytirish.
4. Yaxshi mentalitetni saqlang, odatda mentalitet va hissiyotlarni to'g'rilashni o'rganing, ish va dam olishning kombinatsiyasiga erishing va ortiqcha ishlardan saqlaning. Stress va charchoq jismoniy zaiflikni keltirib chiqaradi, bu esa immunitetni pasayishiga va immunitetni pasayishiga olib keladi, bu esa saraton kasalligiga olib keladi.
Jigar saratoni qanday davolanadi va qanday yangi dorilar mavjud?
Liver cancer treatment is mainly based on surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunoterapiya.
Jigar saratoniga qaratilgan dorilar
| umumiy ism | Mahsulot nomi | maqsad | Bozorga vaqt | Xitoy ro'yxatiga kiritilgan | Asl tadqiqotchi | Dori turi |
| Sorafenib | Nexavar, Dogemei | KIT, VEGFR, PDGFR | 2005 | ha | Bayer | Kichik molekula |
| Regorafenib | Stivarga | Ko'p maqsadli | 2012 | Yo'q | Bayer | Kichik molekula |
| Ramucirumab | Kiramza | VEGFR2 | 2014 | ha | Eli Lilly | MAb |
| Lenvatinib | Dangasalik | Ko'p maqsadli | 2015 | ha | Esay | Kichik molekula |
Atejizumab va bevatsizumab kombinatsiyasi monoterapiyadan yaxshiroqdir
Recently, the European Society of Oncology 2019 (Asian Congress) held in Singapore announced the phase III of the tumor immunotherapy Tecentriq (atezolizumab, atuzumab) combined with Avastin (bevacizumab) first-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinical study IMbrave150 (NCT03434379). Compared to sorafenib, the first-line combination of atrezumab and bevasizumab has statistically and clinically improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The risk of death was reduced by 42% in patients receiving combination therapy, and the progression-free survival rate was 41% (no progression or risk of death).
In addition, in December 2018, the US FDA approved atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) as first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic non-squamous kichik hujayrali o'pka saratoni without EGFR or ALK genome tumor aberrations. Based on data from group B of the IMpower150 study, compared with bevacizumab + chemotherapy, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy significantly prolonged patient survival (19.2 months vs 14.7 months).
Atuzumab PD-L1 antikoridir va o'simta immunoterapiyasiga tegishli. Preparat o'simta hujayralarida ifodalangan PD-L1 deb ataladigan oqsil bilan bog'lanishi va o'simtaning immun hujayralariga infiltratsiyasi, uni PD-1 va B7 dan blokirovka qilishi mumkin. .1 retseptorlarning o'zaro ta'siri. PD-1ni inhibe qilish orqali atuzumab T hujayralarini faollashtirishi mumkin, bu saraton immunoterapiyasi, maqsadli dorilar va turli xil saraton kimyoterapiyasi uchun asosiy kombinatsiyalangan terapiya sifatida foydalanish imkoniyatiga ega.
Bevatsizumab qon tomir endotelial o'sish omili (VEGF) bilan bog'lanishni maqsad qilgan angiogenez inhibitori. VEGF angiogenezda va o'smaning hayot siklida saqlanishda muhim rol o'ynaydi. Avastin qon tomir hujayralaridagi retseptorlari bilan o'zaro aloqada bo'lishiga to'sqinlik qilib, VEGF bilan bevosita bog'lanib o'smalarning qon bilan ta'minlanishini yuqtiradi. Shishning qon bilan ta'minlanishi bu hisoblanadi
in vivo jonli o'sish va metastaz berish qobiliyati kaliti.
Atelizumab va bevacizumabni birlashtirish uchun kuchli ilmiy asoslar mavjud va ikkala preparatning kombinatsiyasi o'smalarga qarshi immunitetni mustahkamlash imkoniyatiga ega. O'rnatilgan anti-angiogen ta'siridan tashqari, bevatsizumab atezumabni VEGF bilan bog'liq immunosupressiyani inhibe qilish, T-hujayra o'simtasi infiltratsiyasini rag'batlantirish va o'sma antijenlariga T-hujayra reaktsiyalarini boshlash orqali tana qarshiligini tiklash uchun yanada kuchaytirishi mumkin. Saratonga qarshi immunitet.
