What is NK-cell therapy?
Trillions unugyo ah ayaa ku soo noqnoqda qofka maalin kasta. Marka la eego saameynta kansarka (sigaarka, shucaaca ionizing, Helicobacter pylori, iwm.), qiyaastii 500,000 ilaa 1 milyan unug ayaa isbedeli kara inta lagu jiro habka taranka maalin kasta. Unugyada mutant qaarkood waxay sii noqdaan unugyo kansar.
Lugta difaaca jirka
After thousands of years of evolution, the human body has formed a sophisticated defense system, established a powerful immune corps, and stocked a large number of elite soldiers, always protecting us and keeping us away from cancer. Among them, the bone marrow is the headquarters of the immune system. Here, hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into immune fighters with different functions. They have their own army territory and job responsibilities.
Waxaa jira saddex ciidan oo waaweyn:
1. Lugta Koowaad: Lymphocyte
T lymphocytes Thymus ku tiirsan lymphocytes, lymphocytes ugu weyn ee dhiigga iyo recirculation
B lymphocytes wuxuu ku kobcayaa bursa ama xubnaheeda isoactive (dhuuxa lafta), taas oo u kala duwanaan karta unugyada plasma ee unugyada soo saara ka dib markii ay kiciso antigen
Unugyada NK, unugyada LAK uma baahna waxyeellada dilka ee dareenka antigen
2. Legion Auxiliary: Soo bandhigida Antigen
Mononuclear-macrophage phagocytosis, oo loo yaqaan 'TD antigen', waxay bilaabaan jawaab celinta difaaca jirka, saameynta ka hortagga burooyinka, dheecaanka warbaahinta bioactive
Unugyada DC waa koox ka kooban unugyo kaladuwan oo leh hawsha soo bandhigida ugu badan ee antigen waana unugyada kaliya ee xirfadleyda soo bandhiga ee firfircoon ee firfircoon kara unugyada T
3. Guutooyinka unugyada kale ee difaaca jirka
Neutrophils, eosinophilic / granulocytes aasaasi ah iyo unugyada mastarada, platelets, unugyada dhiigga cas.
Waa maxay NK Cell?
Dagaalkii 'Reune Relay Battle': Stick-NK Unugga Koowaad
Dagaalka difaaca jirka ee jirkeena wuxuu la mid yahay dagaalka cadawga ladagaalanka ah ee filimka laga soosaaray. Sida tartanka gudbinta, waxay u baahan tahay kala qaybsanaanta cad ee shaqada ee saddexda ciidan, qorshe dagaal oo taxaddar leh, iyo hawlgallo isku dubaridan oo lagu tirtirayo cadowga hal mar.
Dagaalka lagula jiro unugyada kansarka, natural killer (NK) cells bear the brunt. It is the first to directly kill cancer cells when they reach the buro micro environment while secreting secret weapon chemokines to recruit dendritic cells (CD103 + DC). Then, activated dendritic cells carry tumor antigens to the lymph nodes, presenting the characteristics of cancer cells to killer T cells. T cells then rush to the battlefield to kill cancer cells together with NK cells.
NK Unugga oo leh saamayn dil xoog leh
Unugyada NK
Magaca oo buuxa: Dilaaga Dabiiciga ah
Xigasho: Si toos ah ayaa looga keenay dhuuxa lafta, horumarkiisu wuxuu kuxiranyahay sheybaarka deegaanka ee dhuuxa lafta
Shaqada: Unugyada bartilmaameedka ah ee ay dilaan unugyada NK waxay u badan yihiin unugyada burooyinka, unugyada fayraska qaba, cudurada faafa ee waaweyn (sida fungi iyo dulin), xubnaha iyo unugyada la tallaalay.
Magaca buuxa ee unugyada NK waa Unug Killer ee Dabiiciga ah (NK), kaas oo ah kooxda saddexaad ee lymphocytes ee barbar socda unugyada T iyo B ee qaybta unugyada asaasiga ah. Unugyada NK waa waaweyn yihiin waxayna ka kooban yihiin qaybo cytoplasmic ah, sidaas darteed waxaa loo yaqaannaa lymphocytes qayb-weyn. Waxay leedahay saddex sifo oo waaweyn:
Marka hore, waa habka difaaca jirka ee jirka aadanaha. Xaqiiqdii waa askariga safka hore. Ku dhowaad dhammaan unugyada burooyinka waxaa weerari doona unugyada NK marka hore.
Marka labaad, waxay leedahay saameyn antitumor ballaaran, uma baahna aqoonsi buro-gaar ah, mana xaddidna waxqabadyada ka hortagga unugyada 'histocompatibility complex' (MHC). Waqtiga bilowgu waa kan ugu dhaqsaha badan, unugyada T waxay u baahan yihiin in loo soo bandhigo antigens ka hor intaanay kala soocin “cadowga iyo cadowga”.
Ta saddexaad, ka jawaab celinta xaaladdu waa mid waqtigeedii ku habboon. Mar haddii la helo "xaaladda cadowga", si dhakhso ah ayaa loo soo wargeliyaa oo difaaca jirka iyo hawlaha dilka difaaca ee dhammaan nidaamka difaaca ayaa la hawlgeliyaa.
Sidaa darteed, saameynta dilka kansarku waa mid awood badan.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, tirada unugyada NK ee ku jira jirka bini-aadamka way yar yihiin, waxayna gaarayaan ilaa 15% wadarta tirada lymphocytes ee dhiiga durugsan, iyo ilaa 3% ilaa 4% beeryarada. Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqan karaan sanbabada, beerka iyo xuubka xiidmaha, laakiin gudaha thymus, qanjidhada qanjidhada iyo Kateetarka Laabku waa dhif.
Sidee unugyada NK u dilaan unugyada kansarka?
Unugyada NK waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan safka koowaad ee difaaca kansarka. Unugyada NK waxay leeyihiin saddex saameyn oo ka hortagga kansarka ah:
One is the direct killing of tumor cells, killing tumor cells by releasing perforin and granzyme or death receptors; the second is that it acts as a regulatory cell of the immune system by activating cytokines and chemokines, activating T cells, etc. The lethal effect.
The third is the formation of ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity). When B cells find cancer cells, they will quietly leave specific IgG antibodies on the cancer cells as a mark to remind NK cells to see this mark. NK cells see each other and kill them. With the help of macrophages and B cells, the morale of cancer-killing increased greatly.
Unugyada NK ee baabi’iya unugyada kansarka
Unugyada NK waxay ku jiraan dhiiga aadanaha waana “jawaabeyaasha ugu horeeya”. Waxay la mid tahay nin booliis ah oo jidhka ku jiray waajibaad. Markuu dhiigu wareego, unugyada NK ayaa sii wadaya inay la xiriiraan unugyada kale inta ay roondeeynayaan. Mar haddii wax aan caadi ahayn laga helo unugyada jirka, isla markaaba xasilloon, sax ah, si naxariis darro ah u sug in muddo ah in wax laga qabto. Waxay weeraraan oo ay sii daayaan walxaha cytotoxic-ka ee ay ku jiraan jilitaannada iyo granzyme ee xuubka unugga bartilmaameedka ah ka hor intaan unugyada T la geyn, taasoo kicinaysa is-baabi'inta unugyada kansarka. Waxay sidoo kale baabi'in karaan unugyada asliga ah ee kansarka ee ku wareega wareega jirka waxayna caawiyaan ka hortagga metastasis.
NK unugyada difaaca jirka
In kasta oo ay si dhakhso leh u difaaci karaan oo ay si toos ah u weerari karaan unugyada burooyinka, unugyada NK ayaa ah qayb yar oo ka mid ah habka difaaca jirka, oo ka kooban 10% oo keliya unugyada dhiigga cad. Daraasadda ayaa lagu ogaaday in 25 sano ka dib, difaaca jirka bini'aadamka uu hoos u dhacayo tirada unugyada NK-na ay yaraanayaan. Tirada iyo waxqabadka unugyada NK ee bukaanka burooyinka iyo bukaannada qalliinka burooyinka ka dib ayaa is beddelay illaa xad, oo si hufan ugama hawl geli karaan saamaynta ka hortagga kansarka.
Cilmi-baadhayaashu hadda waxay diiradda saarayaan "korsashada" NK-daawaynta unug-ururinta unugyada NK ee deeq-bixiyeyaasha si dhow ula xiriira oo ay ku duraan bukaannada. Tani waxay caddaysay inay badbaado tahay, oo ka duwan daawaynta unugga T, unugyada NK ma keenaan cudur-tallaalid-ka-hortagga-martigelinta unugyada qaataha.
Istaraatiijiyadaha unugyada caalamiga ah ee NK ee hadda jira ee burada immunotherapy waxay kala yihiin:
1. In vitro firfircoon autologous ama allogeneic NK daaweynta unugyada;
2. Isku darka unugyada NK iyo unugyada monoclonal-ka (sida difaaca isbaarada isbaarada) si loo kiciyo cytotoxicity-gaar ah ka-hortagga;
3. Samee CAR-NK unugyada difaaca jirka.
Dhaqdhaqaajiyeyaasha unugga NK ee unugga: Ka xanniba duubayaasha xayiraadda xuubka unugyada NK ee leh unugyada difaaca jirka, ama kiciya firfircoonida
duubayaasha jilicsan si ay u kordhiyaan waxqabadka unugyada unugyada NK
Iyada oo ay weheliso kuwa kahortaga isbaarooyinka difaaca jirka: daaweynta isbaarooyinka oo ay weheliso daaweynta kale ee NK ee lagu hago tallaalka ayaa beegsan kara noocyo badan oo burooyin ah oo aan hadda ka jawaabin daaweynta hadda jirta.
Unugyada NK ee ay wax ka beddeleen soo-dhoweeyaha antigen-ka-chimeric: waxay si weyn u wanaajin karaan wax-ku-oolnimada unugyada NK. Fikirkani wuxuu la mid yahay dhismaha CAR-T: CAR waxaa ku jira xayndaabyada aqoonsiga unugyada ka baxsan (sida scFv) si loo aqoonsado antigens-ka gaarka ah ee buro; domain transmembrane, iyo domain signaling intracellular (CD3ζ silsilad) waxay keeni kartaa firfircoonida unugyada NK.
Waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya NK cell iyo T cell therapy?
Marka la eego daaweynta ka hortagga kansarka, dadku waxay diiradda saareen abaabulka unugyada ka hortagga burooyinka T. Waqtigaan, FDA waxay ansixisay laba daaweyn unugyada CAR-T.
Labada unugyada T iyo unugyada NK labaduba way aqoonsan karaan oo dili karaan unugyada kansarka, laakiin waxay ku sii socdaan siyaabo aad u kala duwan.
Unugyada T waxay u baahan yihiin inay "u soo bandhigaan" qaybo ka mid ah unugyadooda bartilmaameedka unugyada kale ee difaaca si ay ugu aqoonsadaan inay yihiin unugyo ajnabi ah iyo inay ku soo ururiyaan unugyada T qaababka weerarka.
NK cells recognize the pattern of cancer cell changes and are the first line of defense of the immune system. Unlike T cells, they directly detect and destroy infected and malignant cells without having to be activated or “trained” to respond to cancer cells. However, it is now well known that exposure to cytokines, which are components of the immune system, activates NK cells more effectively.
Unugyada dilaaga dabiiciga ah waxaa lagu muujiyaa burooyinka jiirka ee weerarka cagaaran. Unugyada NK ayaa fure u noqon kara daaweynta kansarka. Buluuggu wuxuu muujinayaa xididdada dhiigga. Isha sawirka: Dr. Michele Ardolino iyo Dr. Brian Weist
Faa'iidooyinka daaweynta unugga NK
1. Daaweynta unugyada difaaca jirka waa habka afaraad ee daawaynta ka dib qalliinka, kiimoterabiga iyo daaweynta shucaaca. Daaweynta unugyada NK oo ay weheliso daaweynta shucaaca iyo kiimoterabiga waxay si wax ku ool ah uga saari kartaa unugyada burooyinka oo aan si buuxda looga saari karin qalliin;
2. Daaweynta unugyada NK ee lagu daro daaweynta shucaaca waxay hagaajin kartaa waxtarka shucaaca waxayna yareyn kartaa dhibaatooyinka soo raaca;
3. For advanced cancer patients who are not suitable for surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, NK cell therapy is a better choice;
4. Daaweynta joogtada ah ee unugyada NK qalliinka ka dib waxay ka hortagi kartaa soo noqoshada iyo metastasis ee kansarka;
5. Yaraynta xanuunka kansarka, hagaajinta hurdada, hagaajinta tayada nolosha bukaanka, iyo fidinta wareegga nolosha bukaanka;
6. Dadka caafimaadkoodu hooseeyo, isticmaalka daawaynta unugyada NK waxay yarayn kartaa halista kansarka.
Cusboonaysiinta Caalamiga ee NK Cell
Jabinta NK ee unugyada difaaca jirka
In order to improve the activity and number of NK cells in the body, Japanese scientists have invented a multiplier method, which is to extract 50ml from human blood, isolate a small amount of NK cells and then expand the culture to increase the number to the original 1000 times, the number reaches 1 billion to 5 billion and is then returned to the body, a large number of NK cells will circulate 3000 to 4000 times with the blood system, killing cancer cells, aging cells, diseased cells, bacteria and viruses in the body Once again, to achieve the purpose of anti-cancer, improve immunity and prolong survival.
Daaweynta unugyada jirka ee 'American NK cell immunotherapy'
Mareykanka wuxuu ku daray unugyada NK ee tijaabooyinka ka hortagga kansarka!
Haweenay leh ba'an cudurka myeloid leukemia (AML) is dying after repeated chemotherapy failures. As a final attempt, she received an experimental cell infusion of natural killer (NK) cells donated by her son. After 4 days, the osmotic skin lesions disappeared, and soon she entered a state of relief.
Inkasta oo daawaynta unugyada NK ay weli tahay kaliya tijaabooyinka hore ee kiliinikada ee Maraykanka, cilmi-baarista bukaan-socodka ayaa sii kordhaya.
A clinical trial led by Washington University in St. Louis showed that approximately 12 patients with AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) received NK cells. Half of the patients entered the remission period.
At present, MD Anderson at Dana Faber Cancer Institute is conducting a clinical trial, which will test the efficacy of NK cell therapy in patients with hematological tumors that relapse after stem cell transplantation. Patients who want to know the details can call + 91 96 1588 1588.
Ayaa ku habboon daaweynta unugyada NK?
1. Bukaannada jirkoodu liito ka hor qalliinka burooyinka, dib u soo kabashada qalliinka ka dib, iyo cabsida unugyada kansarka sixirka oo aan gebi ahaanba la baabi'in.
2. After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the immune system is low, the side effects are obvious (such as loss of appetite, nausea, hair loss, skin inflammation, etc.), and patients expect to increase the effect of chemoradiation.
3. Bukaannada doonaya inay isticmaalaan daaweyn kala duwan si ay u gaaraan saameyn daaweyn sababo la xiriira cabsi ay ka qabaan waxyeelada shucaaca iyo daaweynta kiimikada.
4. Bukaannada qaba unugyada kansarka ee horumarsan ayaa ku faafay jirka oo dhan, laakiin hababka daaweynta caadiga ah waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan awood lahayn, bukaannada filaya inay sii dheereystaan badbaadada iyo hagaajinta tayada nolosha.
Nidaamka daaweynta ee daaweynta unugyada NK
1. Blood collection: Extract 30–50 ml of peripheral blood of cancer patients and extract mononuclear cells;
2. Laboratory culture: In the laboratory, conduct NK cell induction and expansion for a period of 5-7 days;
3. Return: After the NK cell culture is completed, it is returned to the cancer patient like an infusion.
Xaaladda daaweynta ee daaweynta unugyada NK
Isha Kiis: Rugta daawaynta unugyada NK ee awoodda leh ee Japan
Ms. Zheng, 50, was diagnosed with advanced kansarka ganaca (pancreatic tail), transferred to the liver, lungs, and pleura, and was diagnosed with cancerous peritonitis (chest wall, multiple nodules in the lungs). . After one cycle of Gemcitabine Gatige, the effect was not satisfactory, CA19-9 rose from 257,531 to 318,417. On the advice of the doctor, the whole genome was sequenced, and the result did not have any meaningful mutations. The doctor said that she had three months to six months at most. According to expert recommendations, Ms. Zheng began to reinject highly activated NK cells at a frequency of once every two weeks.
Immediately after finishing the first return, Ms. Zheng’s most obvious feeling was that she felt full of energy. She was always weak, and the pain symptoms were alleviated. With appetite, you can eat some light food.
Si lama filaan ah, daaweyntu waxay ahayd mid aad u deggan. Daaweynta koowaad kadib, CA19-9 waxaa si toos ah loogu yareeyay 7355. Ka dib markii afaraad daaweynta NK ee aadka u firfircoon, waxay hoos ugu dhacday 141.
Dhammaadkii 2016, sawirada CT-ga ee dib loo eegay ayaa muujiyay in nabarrada dheef-shiid kiimikaadka sida beerka iyo sambabada ee qanjidhada sambabada ay meesha ka baxeen. Kansarka ganaca ee goobta aasaasiga ah ayaa sidoo kale hoos u dhacay in ka badan kala badh.
In kasta oo aan si buuxda loo soo kaban, habka daaweynta waa mid aad u deggan. Kahor intaan la bilaabin daaweynta, diyaargarowgii ugu xumaa ayaa la sameeyay, xitaa koorsada daaweyntu ma awoodi karto inay sii socoto, laakiin dhamaadka koorsada koowaad ee daaweynta, xaalada jireed ee bukaanka ayaa si weyn u soo hagaagtay.
