Luulyo 2021: Fiiri dawooyinkii ugu dambeeyay ee daawaynta kansarka. Sannad kasta, ka dib marka la eego tijaabooyinka iyo arrimo kale oo muhiim ah, ka USFDA oggolow dawooyinka, sidaas awgeed bukaannada kansarku hadda waxay rumaysan karaan in daawadu aad u dhowdahay.
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, wax badan ayaa dhacay si ay wax uga beddelaan habka cudurka iyo waa la daaweyn doonaa. Natiijo ahaan, dadka kansarka qaba iyo takhaatiirtoodu waxay leeyihiin doorashooyin badan oo ay ka doortaan iyo wax badan oo ay jidka ku soo jiraan.
Hubi: Qiimaha daaweynta kansarka Hindiya
Awoodda unugyadu u leeyihiin inay ka baxsadaan nidaamka difaacaaga waa hal arrin oo ka dhigaysa la dagaallanka kansarka mid adag. Jidhkaagu kaliya uma arko hanjabaad, ama kuma shaqayn karo inuu si adag ula dagaalamo.
Laakiin unugyadan waxaa lagu "calaamadeeyay" daawooyinka difaaca jirka ee casriga ah qaarkood, si ay u sahlanaato in la helo. Daawooyinkani waxay sidoo kale ka dhigi karaan difaaca jirkaaga mid xoogan si ay u weeraraan burooyinka.
Daawaynta noocaan ah ayaa durba wax ku ool u ah noocyada kansarka qaarkood. Daawooyin badan oo kale ayaa ku jira shaqada.
Nooca daaweynta hidda-wadaha ee loo yaqaan CAR T-cell daaweynta waxaa ogolaaday FDA. Waxay u isticmaashaa qaar ka mid ah unugyada difaaca jirka si loo daweeyo kansarkaaga, oo loo yaqaan 'T cells'. Gelinta hiddo-wadeyaasha cusub, dhakhaatiirtu waxay unugyada ka saaraan dhiiggaaga oo beddelaan si ay dhakhso ugu aqoonsadaan una baabi'iyaan unugyada kansarka.
Hubi: Qiimaha daawaynta CAR T-cell ee loogu talagalay lymphoblastic leukemia ba'an (ALL) gudaha Israa'iil
Daawada loo yaqaan tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) ayaa hadda loo oggolaaday daawaynta unugyada B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia ee carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn ee da'doodu tahay 25 sano ee aan hore u marin daaweynta kale. Laakiin dadka waaweyn iyo noocyada kale ee kansarka, saynisyahannadu waxay ka shaqeynayaan noocyo kala duwan oo daawaynta CAR T-cell.
Tisagenleucel iyo axicabtagene (Yescarta) Labaduba waa loo oggolaaday inay daaweeyaan qaar ka mid ah noocyada qaangaarka ee B-cell lymfoma oo daawaynta kale aysan awoodin inay ku caawiyaan.
Hubi: Qiimaha daawaynta CAR T-cell ee Shiinaha
Daaweyn cusub oo la yiraahdo brexucabtagene autoleucel (Tecartus) ayaa dhowaan ansixisay FDA bukaanada qaba lymphoma unugga mantle kuwaas oo aan hore u marin daawaynta kale ama soo noqday daawaynta ka dib.
Kansarku wali waa dahsoon aan la xallin, saynisyahano, takhaatiirta, iyo shirkadaha adduunka ayaa wali raadinaya sidii ay u heli lahaayeen daawaynta ugu wanaagsan ee cudurkan dilaaga ah. Ilaa hadda, kemotherabi waa mid ka mid ah qalabka ugu waxtarka badan ee gacanta ku takhasusay kansarka ee Hindiya iyo adduunka oo dhan, kuwaas oo, haddii hore loo ogaado, la dagaallamo cudurka ilaa xad. Waxaan aragnay dawooyin badan oo cusub oo soo baxay dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay si loola dagaallamo unugyada kansarka. Tani waxay sidoo kale u baahan tahay daawaynta bartilmaameedka ah oo ujeeddadeedu tahay in si gaar ah loo weeraro unugyada, taas oo u oggolaanaysa unugyada caadiga ah inay la kulmaan dhaawac yar. USFDA waxa ay sidoo kale ansixisay ansixinteedii ugu horeysay ee daaweynta wax ka beddelka hidda-wadaha sanadkan 2017, iyada oo beddelaysa unugyada t ee bukaannada si ay uga dhigto mid waxtar badan ka hortagga kansarka.
2017, USFDA waxay ogolaatay qaar ka mid ah dawooyinka kuwaas oo ay aaminsan yihiin inay wax weyn ka badali doonaan daawaynta kansarka. Waxay kala yihiin:
- Bavencio (Avelumab) - Kansarka kaadiheysta
- Kisqali (Ribociclib) - Kansarka naaska
- Nerlynx (Neratinib) - Kansarka naasaha
- Rydapt (Midostaurin) - Leukemia
- Besponsa (Inotuzumab Ozagamicin) - Leukemia
- Kymria (Tisagenlecleucel) - Cudurka Kansarka
- Tafinlar (Dabrafanib) - Kansarka sambabada
- Mekinist (Trametinib) - Kansarka sanbabka
- Opdivo (Livolumab) - Kansarka beerka
- Yescarta (Axicabtagene ciloleucel) - Lymphoma
- Calquence (Acalabrutunib) - Lymphoma
- Bavencio (Avelumab) - Kansarka unugyada 'Merkel cell'
- Zejula (Niraparib) - Kansarka ugxanta
- Keytruda (Pembrolizumab) - kansarka caloosha
