Immunotherapy waxay keentay horumaro rajo leh dhowr nooc oo kansar ah. Kansarka ilmo-galeenka waxa uu leeyahay tiro aad u badan oo isbeddello ah (isbeddel hiddo-wade), taas oo ka dhigi karta mid aad xasaasi u ah daawooyinka difaaca jirka oo laga yaabo in lagu daweeyo tallaalka kansarka ilmo-galeenka.
Tiro tijaabo ah oo bukaan-socod ah ayaa si xawli ah ku socda, cilmi-baarayaashuna waxay dhawaan soo koobeen tijaabada wajiga II ee hal daroogada nivolumab (Opdivo) ee kansarka afka ilmo-galeenka ee soo noqnoqda. Bukaannada 24 ka mid ah: 19 ka mid ah waxay qabeen kansarka ilma-mareenka, 5 waxay lahaayeen kansarka xubinta taranka, iyo 26% bukaannada kansarka ilmo-galeenka ayaa ka jawaabay daawada, taas oo ah natiijo dhiirigelin leh.
Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay sii wadi doonaan inay hagaajiyaan barnaamijka hal-daroogada iyada oo loo marayo tijaabooyin dheeraad ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay raadinayaan hab kale: tijaabooyin isku dhafan. Cilmi-baadhisyada la isticmaalayo tallaalka difaaca ee hal wakiil ah oo leh dawooyin sida pembrolizumab (Keytruda) ama nivolumab waxay muujinayaan in 15% -25% bukaannada ay firfircoon yihiin, laakiin bukaannada soo haray waa kuwo aan firfircoonayn, waxaana jira meelo badan oo lagu hagaajin karo. Sababtan awgeed, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay diiradda saarayaan tijaabooyinka la isku daray ee kansarka ilmo-galeenka.
Tijaabo ayaa socota oo lagu lammaameynayo daawada immunotherapy atezolizumab (Tecentriq) iyo wakiilka anti-angiogenic bevacizumab, taas oo ka hortageysa unugyada kansarka inay sameystaan xididdo dhiig oo cusub oo u baahan inay koraan. Bevacizumab waa dawo firfircoon oo kahortaga kansarka xubinta taranka dumarka, waxaana jira xog horudhac ah oo bevacizumab ay hagaajin karto waxtarka talaalka jirka. Sidaa darteed, tani waa isku-darka xiisaha leh ee kansarka xubinta taranka dumarka, waxaan si xiiso leh u sugeynaa natiijooyinka daraasaddan.
Tijaabo caafimaad oo kale, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay baranayaan sida labada dawooyinka difaaca jirka, durvalumab (IMFINZI) iyo tremelimumab, loogu dari karaa daawaynta shucaaca si loo eego haddii shucaaca uu kor u qaadi karo jawaabta difaaca.
Cilmi-baaris badan oo ka hortagga kansarka ilmo-galeenka ah ayaa ku soo kordhisay rajo weyn bukaanada ku dhaca kansarka ilmo-galeenka, waxaanan rajeyneynaa in si wanaagsan loo daweeyo.
