Kacaankii CAR T Therapy waxay bedelaysaa muuqaalka sida aan ula tacaalno kansarka, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid shakhsi ah oo awood leh. Daawayntan u dambaysay waxay isticmaashaa unugyada difaaca ee bukaanka oo ay hidde ahaan wax ka beddelaan si ay u beegsadaan oo ay u burburiyaan unugyada kansarka si sax ah oo cajiib ah. Waxay u horseedaysaa waddo ifaysa oo caafimaad leh berrito!
Weligaa ma ka fikirtay awoodaha cajiibka ah ee jidhkeenu leeyahay?
Haddaysan ahayn, waa waqtigii aqoonta laga heli lahaa mawduucan muhiimka ah.
Hagaag, ka waran haddii aan kuu sheego in unugyadiina ay u dhaqmi karaan sida geesiyaal sare, oo la dagaallama cudurrada dilaaga ah sida kansarka oo aan sax ahayn?
Waxay u ekaan kartaa khayaal-cilmiyeed. Laakiin bal qiyaas maxaa? Ciidankan kacaanka ayaa si deggan u samaynaya mowjado, waana loo yaqaan CAR T Therapy!
Waxaan kugu martiqaadeynaa inaad fahanto tafaasiisha qalafsan ee ku saabsan CAR T Cell habraaca tallaabo-tallaabo, oo ay ku jirto sida unugyadan loo beero, wax looga beddelo, oo mar labaad loogu soo celiyo jidhkaaga si loola dagaallamo kansarka.
Haddaba, haddii aad xiisaynayso inaad wax ka ogaato daawayntan ama dhibbanaha kansarka dilaaga ah, sii wad akhrinta hagahan si aad u fahamto awoodda daawayntan ballan-qaadka ah.
Fahamka CAR T Therapy Cell
Chimeric Antigen Reseptor (CAR) daawaynta unugyada T-cell waa horumar la taaban karo oo laga sameeyay daawaynta kansarka oo soo korodhay sannadihii u dambeeyay, taasoo keentay rajo cusub iyo fursado.
Si loo fahmo daawaynta CAR T-cell, aynu u tixgelino habka difaacaaga inuu yahay ciidan ammaan oo firfircoon oo ilaalinaya jidhkaaga kuwa soo galaa, oo ay ku jiraan unugyada kansarka.
Ciyaartoyda muhiimka ah ee habkan difaaca ayaa ah unugyada T-unugyada cadaanka ah ee ku qalabaysan reseptors kuwaas oo u shaqeeya habka ilaalinta nidaamka difaaca. Soo-dhoweeyayaashani waxay aqoonsadaan khataraha sida kansarka iyaga oo bar-tilmaameedsanaya borotiinada loo yaqaan antigens ee dusha sare ee unugyada soo gala.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, unugyada kansarku waxay ku fiican yihiin inay is-qariyaan si ay uga dhuuntaan unugyada T-gaaga. CAR T unug Habka daawayntu wuxuu isku dayaa inuu ka gudbo caqabadan isagoo u rogaya unugyada T-yada caadiga ah wakiilada la dagaalanka kansarka.
Habkani waxa uu ku lug leeyahay wax ka beddelka unugyada T-yada si ay u muujiyaan Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs), kuwaas oo u dhaqma sidii hub xoog leh, taas oo u oggolaanaysa unugyada T-gu inay aqoonsadaan oo ay weeraraan unugyada kansarka si waxtar leh.
Waad ku faraxsanaan lahayd inaad ogaato in ku dhawaad 70% bukaannada kansarka ay si togan uga jawaabaan Daaweynta unugyada CAR T ee Hindiya si togan.
Hubi tan: Doorka Immunotherapy ee Daaweynta Lymphoma - CancerFax
Daawaynta Kansarka Cusub ma tahay mid la awoodi karo?
War wanaagsan dhammaan bukaannada kansarka ee halkaas jooga! Mumbai ku salaysan Immunoact cusub daaweynta kansarka, NexCAR19, helay oggolaansho.
Waxaa loogu talagalay leukemia iyo bukaanada lymphoma ee aan ka jawaabin daawaynta kale. The Qiimaha daaweynta unugyada CAR T ee Hindiya waa qiyaastii USD 57,000, taas oo ka jaban meelo kale oo badan.
Taas macnaheedu waa Hindiya Waxa laga yaabaa inay noqoto mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu fiican uguna jaban ee daawaynta kansarkan horumarsan, taasoo rajo siinaysa kuwa u baahan.
Noocyada Kansarka ee lagu daweeyay Habka Unugyada CAR T
Daawaynta kansarku waxay inta badan waxtar u leedahay bukaannada kansarka ee aan ka jawaabin daaweynta kemotherabi iyo daawaynta kale ee kansarka. Daaweyntani waxay muujisay natiijooyin rajo leh oo ku saabsan daawaynta noocyo kala duwan kansarka dhiigga. Waa kuwan liiska qaar ka mid ah codsiyada daawaynta unugyada caadiga ah ee baabuurka:
Meelo badan
Multiple myeloma waa nooc kansar ah oo marka hore bartilmaameedsada unugyada balaasmaha, kuwaas oo ah qaybaha lagama maarmaanka u ah habka difaaca jirka ee mas'uul ka ah wax soo saarka antibody.
Xaaladdan oo kale, unugyada balaasmaha ee aan caadiga ahayn waxay u tarmaan si aan la xakamayn karin, oo ciriiriya unugyada caadiga ah ee dhuuxa lafta. Immunotherapy iyo ku-tallaalidda unugyada stem ayaa ah tan ugu waxtarka badan daawaynta badan ee myeloma ee Hindiya.
Unugyada B-unugyada Ba'an ee Lymphoblastic Leukemia
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) waa nooc kansar ah oo saameeya B lymphocytes oo aan qaan-gaarin, koox gaar ah oo ah unugyada dhiiga cad, inta lagu jiro korriinka dhuuxa lafta.
Halkii ay u kori lahaayeen unugyada dhiiga cad ee caafimaadka qaba, unugyadan aan qaan-gaarin waxay noqonayaan kuwo aan caadi ahayn oo si degdeg ah u tarmo, oo soo ururiya kuwa caadiga ah. Si loo daweeyo xanuunkan, takhaatiirtu waxay caadi ahaan isticmaalaan isku darka kemotherabi iyo beerista dhuuxa lafta.
Unugyada B-non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo hoosaadyada B-unugyada qanjirada unugyada 'Hodgkin' (B-NHL), oo ay ku jiraan limfoma B-cell ballaaran (DLBCL), lymphoma follicular oo leh DLBCL, iyo heerka sare ee lymphoma B-cell.
Kansarradani waxay ka soo baxaan B-lymphocytes, oo ah nooca unugyada dhiigga cad, waxaana loo kala saaraa si waafaqsan sifooyinkooda gaarka ah. Bixiyahaaga daryeelka caafimaadka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu xaaladan wax kaga qabto kiimoterabi, unug-tallaalidda unugyada asliga ah, iyo unugyada difaaca jirka ee monoclonal.
Laydhka Mantle Cell Lymphoma
lymphoma unugga mantle waa nooc-hoosaad ka mid ah lymphoma non-Hodgkin oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda B-lymphocytes. Qaabkan gaarka ah ee qanjiro waxaa lagu gartaa koritaanka degdega ah ee unugyada kansarka, oo inta badan soo gala unugyo kala duwan oo lymphoid ah. Lymphoma unugyada mantle waxaa inta badan lagu daaweeyaa isku darka kemotherabi iyo tallaalka unugyada asliga ah.
Habka Tallaabo-tallaabo ee CAR T ee Daaweynta Unugyada
1. Marka hore, bixiyaha xanaanada caafimaadkaagu wuxuu dhigayaa tuubo yar (catheter) xididka qoortaada ama laf dhabartaada.
2. Waxay ku xidhaan kateetarka iyo mishiinka habka loo yaqaan leukapheresis. Mashiinkaani wuxuu habeeyaa dhiigaaga, isagoo soo saaraya unugyada dhiiga cad wuxuuna dib ugu soo celinayaa unugyada dhiiga cas iyo balaasmaha jirkaaga.
3. Intaa ka dib, fayras aan firfircoonayn ayaa la soo bandhigay si uu u bixiyo tilmaamo cusub oo hidde-sidaha T-unugyadaada.
4. Unugyada T-gu waxay bilaabaan inay soo saaraan reseptors-kimeric antigen (CAR) iyo molecules oo ku hubaysan tilmaamo hidde-side cusub.
5. CAR reseptors-yada waxay ku dhamaanayaan dusha sare ee unugyada T-gaaga, halka unugyadu ay ku sii jiraan gudaha, iyagoo siinaya calaamado si ay unugyadu u firfircoonaadaan.
6. Qaybta yar ee CAR T-cells ayaa la kiciyaa si ay u tarmaan oo u koraan ilaa laga helayo ku filan si loo beegsado unugyada kansarka si hufan. Unugyadaas waa la qaboojiyey waxaana lagu hayaa qaboojiyaha ilaa inta looga baahan yahay.
7. Kahor intaadan helin unugyada cusub, waxaa lagugu daweyn doonaa kiimiko (chemotherapy) si looga hortago in nidaamka difaacaagu uu diido.
8. Daaweynta kemotherabi ka dib, waxaad heli doontaa unugyo cusub faleebo, ha ahaato isbitaalka dhowr maalmood ama, xaaladaha qaarkood, adigoon joogin isbitaal, iyadoo ay kormeerayaan kooxdaada daryeelka caafimaadka.
9. Marka la galo dhiiggaaga, CAR T-cell reseptors waxay aqoonsadaan oo ku xidhaan antigens (protein) unugyada kansarka.
10. Unugyada CAR-gaga ayaa markaa tarma oo bilaabaan inay si sax ah u dilaan unugyada kansarka. Unugyada CAR T-gaagu waxay sii wadaan inay koraan oo ay raadiyaan unugyo cusub oo leh antigen-ka bartilmaameedka ah si loo hubiyo ka hortagga muddada dheer ee kansarka.
CAR T Therapy Therapy Saamaynta ay Tahay inaad ogaato
Cytokine Release Syndrome
Tani waa saameyn caadi ah oo ay unugyada CAR T-unuggu sababaan sii deynta cytokines, taasoo keenta calaamadaha sida qandho, cadaadis dhiig oo hooseeya, iyo neefsashada oo ku adkaata.
Sunta Neerfaha
Shakhsiyaadka qaarkood ayaa laga yaabaa inay la kulmaan jahawareer, qalal, ama arrimo kale oo neerfaha sababtoo ah saameynta daaweynta CAR T-cell ee habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha.
Cadaadiska Dhuuxa lafta
Daaweynta CAR T-cell waxay si ku meel gaar ah u xaddidi kartaa wax soo saarka unugyada dhiigga ee dhuuxa lafta, taasoo keenta heerarka hoose ee unugyada dhiigga cas, unugyada dhiigga cad, iyo platelets.
Infections
Bukaanka leh habdhiska difaaca ee daciifka ah, gaar ahaan xilliga ugu horreeya ee daaweynta ka dib, waxay aad ugu nugul yihiin caabuqyada.
Afkaarta Final
Marka aan soo gabagabeyno sahamintayada Habka Unugyada CAR T, aan sido xaqiijinta awoodda leh ee ah in sayniska uu furayo wadooyin cusub oo la dagaallanka kansarka.
Habka unugga CAR T waa wax ka badan si fudud daawaynta; waa caddaynta cajiibka ah Horumarka laga samaynayo daaweynta kansarka shakhsi ahaaneed.
Haddaba, dhammaan inta geesinimada leh ee caqabaddan hortaagan, ogow in dunida daawadu ay horumarayso, tallaabo kasta oo hore loo qaadayna ay tahay tallaabo loo qaaday mustaqbal ifaya oo caafimaad leh. Waxaan kuu rajaynaynaa soo kabasho degdeg ah iyo mustaqbal caafimaad qaba!
