Kansarka malawadka is kansarka taasi waxay dhacdaa dhowr inji ee u dambeeya xiidanka. Meeshaan waxaa lagu magacaabaa malawadka. The main treatment for rectal cancer is surgery. Depending on the progress of the cancer, radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be accepted. If rectal cancer occurs early, the long-term survival rate is about 85% to 90%. If rectal cancer spreads to the lymph nodes, the number of generation rates will drop sharply.
Inta badan kansarka malawadka waxay ku bilaabmaan unugyo yaryar oo loo yaqaanno polyps, kuwaas oo ah koritaanka unugyo aan kansar ahayn. Ka dib marka burooyinka la saaro, kansarka malawadka waa laga hortagi karaa. Tani waa sababta baaritaanka kansarka mindhicirka ee wakhtiga loogu talagalay baarista walamadka ay aad muhiim u tahay. Tilmaamaha ka hortagga kansarka malawadka guud ahaan waxay ku talinayaan in baarista walamadka ay bilaabato da'da 50. Haddii aad leedahay arrimo kale oo halis ah, sida taariikhda qoyska ee kansarka mindhicirka, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kugula talin karaa baaris badan ama hore oo kansarka mindhicirka ah.
Bukaanno badan oo qaba kansarka malawadka ayaan lahayn wax calaamado iyo astaamo ah marxaladaha hore ee cudurka. Calaamadaha iyo astaamaha marxaladaha dambe waxaa ka mid noqon kara dhiigbaxa malawadka (badiyaa guduudan oo dhalaalaya), kaas oo lagu qaldo inuu yahay babaasiir dhiig bax ah; isbeddelada caadada saxarada; raaxo la'aanta caloosha; xanuunka malawadka; Dareenka degdega iyo dib u socodka.
Bukaanku waa inay marka hore qiimeeyaan waxa keena dhiigbaxa malawadka. Dad badan ayaa laga yaabaa inay u nisbeeyaan dhiigbaxa malawadka cudurada guud sida baabasiirka, laakiin ilaa aad horey uhesho ogaanshaha babaasiirta, waa inaad sameysaa baaritaan caafimaad sida ugu dhaqsiyaha badan si looga hortago jiritaanka burooyinka ama kansarka malawadka. Si tan loo sameeyo, dhakhtarku wuxuu gelin doonaa far faruuran oo la mariyey qaybta hoose ee malawadka si loo hubiyo wixii cillad ah ee malawadka.
After the doctor finds the abnormality, in order to confirm the diagnosis and determine the degree of cancer progression, other tests can also be performed. Colonoscopy allows doctors to view the entire colon, and can remove polyps or tissue samples for biopsy. A computed tomography (CT) scan or X-ray can determine whether the cancer has spread. Other tests, such as endoscopic ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can help determine whether the cancer has penetrated beyond the rectum and whether lymph nodes are involved.
Waxaa jira arrimo badan oo saameeya qorshaha daaweynta bukaanka qaba kansarka malawadka. Haddii burooyinka aysan ka soo bixin darbiga malawadka iyo qanjidhada qanjidhada ma saameyn, markaa kansarka waxaa loo tixgeliyaa waqti hore (marxaladda I). Buro ku soo duushay ama wax yar ka gudubtay gidaarka malawadka laakiin aan ku faafin qanjidhada qanjidhada ayaa ah marxaladda II. Haddii ay ku lug leedahay qanjirada qanjirada, waa marxaladda III. Kansarka ku faafa meelaha kale waa marxaladda IV.
Qalliinku waa daaweynta ugu caansan dhammaan heerarka kansarka malawadka. Nooca qalliinka waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa meesha burooyinka ay ku taalo waxayna ku lug leedahay ka saarida giraan muruqa (futada futada) dhamaadka malawadka.
Kansarrada ka soo baxa malawadka ama gala malawadka, dhakhtarka qalliinka wuxuu kugula talinayaa in laga soo saaro malawadka u dhow kansarka si qayb ahaan looga saaro kansarka malawadka, iyo in laga saaro cidhifyada unugyada malawadka ee caafimaadka qaba ee u dhow kansarka isla markaana laga saaro qanjidhada u dhow.
Hadday suurtogal tahay, dhakhtarku wuxuu dib isugu xidhayaa qaybaha caafimaad ee ku jira malawadka iyo xiidanka. Haddii aan dib loo xiri karin, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la abuuro furitaan joogto ah (ostomy) iyada oo loo marayo darbiga caloosha qeyb ka mid ah xiidmaha haray. Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa kolostomy.
Qalliinka ka sokow, kansarka malawadka maxalliga ah ee horumarsan waxaa badanaa lagu daaweeyaa daaweynta shucaaca iyo daaweynta kiimikada. Markuu kansarku ku faafo qanjidhada u dhow ama ku faafo darbiga malawadka, kiimoteraabiga iyo daaweynta shucaaca badanaa waa la isticmaalaa.
Haddii kansarku uusan ku faafin qaybaha kale ee jirka, daaweynta kiimikada iyo shucaaca badiyaa waxaa la sameeyaa qalliinka ka hor si loo yareeyo burooyinka loona kordhiyo suurtagalnimada in gabi ahaanba burada laga saaro. Guud ahaan waxaa lagula talinayaa in la isku daro kemotherabi iyo radiotherapy oo loogu talagalay marxaladda II iyo III kansarka malawadka qalliinka ka hor, iyo in badan oo kiimiko ah ayaa la sameeyaa qalitaanka ka dib.
Marka la eego darnaanta kansarka malawadka ee horumarsan, bukaanku waa inay la tashadaan dhakhtarkaaga marka astaamaha ugu horreeya ay dhacaan, gaar ahaan dhiig baxa malawadka, isbeddelka cabbirka saxarada ama astaamaha, ama raaxo la'aanta malawadka.
-Robert Cima, MD, Qalitaanka mindhicirka & Qalitaanka Qalitaanka, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
