Mushonga wegomarara
Zvitore ubaye nhomba yegomarara izvozvi.
A jekiseni regomarara rudzi rutsva rwemushonga unoshandisa immune system yemuviri kuedza kudzivirira kana kurapa gomarara. Mishonga yegomarara yakasiyana nemimwe nhomba nekuti haidziviriri kuzvirwere. Pane kudaro, ivo vanokonzeresa immune system kurwisa tumor cell. Vanogona kuiswa mumhando mbiri huru: kudzivirira uye kurapa. Mishonga yekudzivirira inobatsira kumisa gomarara kuti rirege kuitika nekurwisa mavhairasi kana zvimwe zvine chekuita negomarara. Mishonga yekurapa inobatsira kurapa gomarara nekuita kuti immune system ikwanise kuziva nekurwisa maseru egomarara. Aya majekiseni ane tariro anopa vanhu tariro yeramangwana umo huwandu hwegomarara hunodzika uye huwandu hwekupona hukakwira. Vanovhurawo nzira itsva dzekurapa nekubvisa gomarara.
Chii chinonzi vaccine yegomarara?
Mushonga wegomarara inzira itsva yekurapa inoshandisa masoja emuviri kurwisa gomarara. Mishonga yegomarara yakasiyana nemimwe nhomba nekuti haidziviriri kuzvirwere zvinotapuriranwa. Pane kudaro, vanoshanda nekuita kuti immune system irwise maseru egomarara. Chinangwa chikuru chemushonga wegomarara ndechekumisa gomarara kuitika kana kurapa gomarara ratotanga. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuita kuti immune system ikwanise kuwana nekurwisa maseru ane gomarara.
Kune marudzi maviri makuru emishonga yegomarara: iyo inodzivirira gomarara uye iyo inorapa gomarara. Majekiseni anodzivirira gomarara anoedza kudzivirira kumavhairasi kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera gomarara kana kuwedzera. Kune rimwe divi, mishonga yekurapa inoitirwa kurapa kenza iripo nekudzidzisa immune system kuziva uye kunanga chaiwo bundu mapuroteni.
Kunyangwe majekiseni egomarara aine mikana yakawanda, kukura nekubudirira kwawo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara riri kurwiswa uye kuti masoja emunhu ega ega anorwisa sei. Chidzidzo cheimmunology chichiri kuenderera mberi uye chiri kufambira mberi, izvo zvinotipa tariro yekufambira mberi mukurwisa gomarara kuburikidza nemishonga.
Tumor antigens zvimedu zvemapuroteni akagadzirwa nekenza maseru akachinja majini avo. Mazhinji awo anoita seakajairika mapuroteni, saka immune system haigone kusiyanisa. Mazhinji ekudzivirira bundu akavakirwa pane imwechete tumor antigen, nepo vamwe vachishandisa bundu lysates kana peptides kumisa vaccine yavo pane inopfuura imwe antigen. Neoantigens, ari maantigens matsva akagadzirwa kubva mukuchinja kwebundu uye zvichibva pane yakazara exome sequencing (WES), akatariswa sezvinobvira mishonga yegomarara mitsva. Dendritic-cell-based cancer vaccines inoshandura immune system nekushandisa dendritic masero akashandurwa genetically kuita prime uye kukonzeresa T masero kuti vakwanise kurwisa cancer maseru. Chechipiri inzira yepamusoro-soro yekugadzira mushonga wegomarara, asi yakaoma kugadzira nekushandisa.
Mushonga wegomarara unogadzirwa sei?
Mushonga wegomarara unoshanda sei?
Mhinduro yeautoimmune inogadziriswa kunanga maseru egomarara
Maseru eCancer anomuka mazuva ese uye anobviswa nguva dzese ne immune system yedu. Kana immune system ikakanganiswa, kana dzimwe nguva, shanduko dzakakomba dzegomarara dzinoitika nemukana, maseru egomarara anogona kuburitsa kudzivirira kwekudzivirira. Naizvozvo, iyo activation uye kukwidziridzwa kwe immune system kuti ione cancer maseru kwakakosha pakurapa cancer.
Kuvandudza uye kuwedzera immune reactivity yegomarara rekudzivirira
Traditional vaccines are based on weakened or inactivated viruses or bacteria that may trigger an immune response in the body. Tumor vaccine development has evolved from the early generation of whole tumor lysates to the current neopeptide tumor vaccines.
Immunologically modified dendritic masero
Mushonga wegomarara unoshandisa tekinoroji yazvino kusanganisa immune gene yakagadziridzwa tumors uye maDCs kuratidza akawanda bundu antigens, pamwe nekugadzira nyowani tumor mutation peptides (neoepitopes) kuburikidza neNGS WES uye komputa-inobatsira HLA inorambidzwa epitope kufanotaura tekinoroji. Iwo immune gene yakagadziridzwa dendritic cell vaccines inosimudzira kuratidzwa kweakananga maantigens egomarara, ayo panguva imwechete anogadzira zvinhu zvinokurudzira immune, zvichisimudzira immune system kuti ione cancer maseru. Kusanganisira masero emuurayi echisikigo uye masero edendritic mune immune system, ivo vanokonzeresa yakasimba anticancer mhinduro, uye vanokurudzira cytotoxic T lymphocytes kuuraya cancer maseru.
Mushonga wegomarara unogona kukonzera ndangariro T lymphocytes
Mishonga yegomarara inogona kudzivirira kenza kudzoka uye metastasis. Kuvhiyiwa, chemotherapy kana radiotherapy inogona kubvisa akawanda emamota, zvakadaro, kuchine asara maseru egomarara, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukudzoka uye metastasis. GIMI immune modulation tekinoroji yakavakirwa pajene yakagadziridzwa DC-yakavakirwa kenza yekudzivirira iyo inogona kukurudzira ndangariro-mhando T-lymphocytes, uye kurwisa cancer maseru. Mune mamwe mazwi, inogona kudzivirira kenza kudzoka kana metastasis mushure mekunge vaccine yegomarara yapihwa.
Mushonga wegomarara remuchibereko
The HPV vaccine, which protects against chirwere chemuviri wechibereko, is a very important medical development in the fight against cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually spread infection that can cause cervical cancer. The vaccine protects against the most dangerous types of HPV, which are the cause of most cases of cervical cancer.
Mushonga unowanzo kupihwa seti yepfuti mukati memwedzi mishoma. Inoshanda zvakanakisisa kana ikapiwa munhu asati atanga kuita zvepabonde. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vese varume nevakadzi vabatsire kumisa kupararira kweHPV uye kuderedza huwandu hwevanhu vane hutachiona kazhinji.
Chimwe chinhu chakanyanya kunaka pamusoro pemushonga wegomarara remuromo wechibereko ndechekuti unogona kugadzira gomarara repamuromo wechibereko, rinova rechina rinowanikwa nevanhukadzi pasi rose, risinganyanyi kuwanda. Nekudzivirira hutachiona hweHPV, jekiseni rinogona kuchengetedza zviuru nezviuru zvehupenyu gore rega rega uye kuita kuti zvive nyore kune vehutano pasi rose kubata negomarara remuromo wechibereko.
Zvakare, zvakawanda zvezvidzidzo zvekiriniki uye kushandiswa munyika chaiyo zvakaratidza kuti jekiseni rakachengeteka uye rinoshanda. Nekuda kwekuti wakashanda zvakanaka, nyika zhinji dzakatanga zvirongwa zvekupa jekiseni kune vechidiki. Izvi zvaita kuti zvive nani kune hutano hweveruzhinji.
Mukupedzisa, jekiseni rekudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko inzira inoshanda yekurwisa gomarara remuromo wechibereko nezvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa neHPV. Nekudzivirira hutachiona hweHPV, chinhu chakakosha mukudzikisa huwandu hwegomarara remuromo wechibereko uye kuita kuti hutano hwepasi rose huve nani. Kuti uwane zvakanyanya zvejekiseni uye kudzivirira zvizvarwa zveramangwana kubva kumhedzisiro inotyisa yegomarara remuromo wechibereko, vanhu vanofanirwa kuziva nezvayo uye vakwanise kuiwana.
Mishonga yekenza yemapapu: Cimavax uye Vaxira
zvose zviri zviviri CimaVax uye Vaxira are experimental vaccines that have been looked at to see if they could be used to treat kenza yemapapu.
CimaVax is a treatment vaccine for lung cancer that was made in Cuba. CimaVax is different from other vaccines because it tries to get the immune system to make antibodies against a protein called epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF helps cells grow and also plays a role in how cancer starts and spreads. By going after EGF, CimaVax hopes to stop lung cancer cells from growing and spreading. This could help people with advanced lung cancer live longer.
Kune rimwe divi, Vaxira mushonga wekurwisa gomarara wakagadzirwa kuArgentina. Inoenda mushure meimwe puroteni inonzi MUC1, iyo yakawandisa mukenza yemapapu uye mamwe marudzi egomarara. Vaxira inoitirwa kuti immune system ione MUC1-inoratidza cancer maseru uye kurwisa iwo.
Vese CimaVax naVaxira vari kuvimbisa mafambiro ekutsvagisa munzvimbo yekurapa cancer yemapapu.
Clinical trials varatidza mhedzisiro inovimbisa, uye ongororo yakawanda iri kuitwa kuona kuti vanoshanda zvakanaka sei nekufamba kwenguva uye kana vachigona kushandiswa sechikamu chechirongwa chekurapa kenza yemapapu. Nezveruzivo rwangu rwekupedzisira munaGunyana 2021, mishonga yekudzivirira iyi yanga ichiri kuongororwa, uye kuwana kwavo uye kushandisa kwavo kunogona kunge kwakachinja kubva ipapo. Nguva dzose taura nachiremba kana mukoti kuti uwane mazano echizvino-zvino ekurapa cancer yemapapu.
Mushonga wegomarara unowanikwa kupi izvozvi?
Mushonga wegomarara unogadzirwa nenzira dzedendritic unowanikwa kuChina. Avo vanoda kuzviwanira nhomba yegomarara vanogona kuwana mushonga wacho. Vaya varwere vanobatwa negomarara vanogonawo kutora jekiseni. Cimavax inowanikwa kuCuba nepo Vaxira iri kuwanikwa kuArgentina parizvino.
As of my last report, which was in June 2023, there were not many cancer vaccines available, and most of the work in the field was still in the research and development stage. There were some vaccines to prevent cancer, like the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to prevent cervical cancer and other cancers, and the Hepatitis B vaccine to lower the risk of gomarara rechiropa. However, these vaccines were aimed at specific viruses that cause cancer, not cancer cells directly.
Mishonga yegomarara rekurapa, iro rinoitirwa kurapa gomarara rakatotanga, rakanga richiri kuongororwa muzvidzidzo zvekiriniki zvemhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara. Zvidzidzo izvi zvaive zvakakosha pakuona kana dzaive dzakachengeteka, kana dzakashanda, uye kana dzichigona kukonzera chero mhedzisiro. Majekiseni egomarara aive akaoma kugadzira nekuti zvaive zvakaoma kuwana chaiwo tumor antigens, kuita kuti mishonga ikwane murwere wega wega, uye nekuona nzira yekumisa gomarara kuti risahwanda kubva kune immune system.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti nzvimbo yezvidzidzo zvekurapa uye marapirwo aripo anogona kunge achinja kubva pandakapedzisira kugadzirisa. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino pamusoro pemajekiseni egomarara uye kumwe marapiro, zvakanaka kutaura nevezvino vekurapa nevashandi vehutano.
Ndeipi mutengo wemishonga yegomarara?
Dendritic cell based vaccines inodhura madhora mazana maviri nemakumi maviri emadhora. Kurapa kwaVaxira, uko kunosanganisira mapfuti mashanu ekuvaka anopihwa mavhiki maviri ega ega uyezve gumi ekusimudzira mapfuti anopihwa masvondo mana ega ega, anoita mari inosvika zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvemadhora.
Mushonga wekudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko uchaita mari inosvika madhora zana padoro rimwe chete. Mushonga wekudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko unogadzirwa neSerum Institute of India unofungidzirwa kuti uri kuita mari isingasviki $100USD perdose.