Liver cancer treatment, liver cancer-targeted drugs, a new combination of liver cancer drugs significantly prolong survival.
Rakovina a miera prežitia
The number of people that survive for five years after being diagnosed with digestive system cancers seems to be particularly low in India compared to more advanced countries. Survival rates are just 19% for stomach cancer compared to 25-30% in most countries, with 58% surviving in South Korea. In India, the survival rate for rakovina hrubého čreva is 37% while it is 50-59% in most countries and goes up to 65% in the US. Only 4% of rakovina pečene patients survive for five years in India compared to 10 to 20% elsewhere. Survival rates have dipped in the case of rectal cancer in India.
Even in breast and rakoviny prostaty, where medical advances have ensured that over 80% of patients survive in advanced countries, only about 60% of Indian patients survive. Rakovina vaječníkov survival rates have declined in India from 23% in 1995-99 to 14% in 2005-09. Rakovina krčka maternice survival rates are 46% compared to the global figure of 50%, but there is a slight decline in India from 47% in 2005. It is understood that there are one million new liver cancer patients worldwide each year, of which 55% are patients in China. About 110,000 people die of liver cancer each year in China, and the 5-year recurrence rate in China is as high as 70%. Liver cancer is highly malignant and highly contagious.
Skoré príznaky rakoviny pečene
1. Cough: The liver mass stimulates the diaphragm. During breathing, it causes a reflex in the lungs to cause a cough, or liver cancer has lung metastases that cause a cough.
2. Únava: Rakovinové bunky poškodzujú funkciu pečene v zásobe a znižuje sa prísun energie do tela.
3. Nevysvetliteľné chudnutie: Rakovinové bunky vyžadujú počas rastového procesu oveľa viac energie a živín ako normálne tkanivá, čo vedie k nedostatku výživy v tele, takže u pacientov sa zvyšuje chudnutie. Aj ďalšie druhy rakoviny vykazujú známky plytvania.
4. Gastrointestinálne príznaky: Vyskytujú sa poruchy trávenia. Asi u tretiny pacientov s rakovinou pečene sa v počiatočnom štádiu ochorenia objavia príznaky chorôb tráviaceho traktu, podobné ako v prípade žalúdočných ochorení.
5. Fever: mostly cancerous fever, which is mainly caused by the release of pyrogens into human blood circulation after nádor nekróza tkaniva.
6. Krvácanie: krvácanie z ďasien, podkožné podliatiny a ďalšie príznaky.
7. Pain: Hepatic pain occurs in most patients with advanced liver cancer.
Prečo je v rozvojových krajinách toľko pacientov s rakovinou pečene? Aké sú príčiny rakoviny pečene?
1. Alcoholism and alcoholic hepatitis: Alcohol and its toxic metabolite acetaldehyde can cause alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and even liver fibrosis and liver cancer.
2. Obesity and fatty liver: Obesity is one of the root causes of many chronic diseases. Obesity can cause fatty liver problems and even worsen into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Usually, pay attention to 7 points full of diet, good exercise habits, eat high fat and high sugar food lifestyle.
3. B / C viral hepatitis: Chronic hepatitis B and C are the main causes of liver cancer in the past, accounting for about 60 ~ 70%. With the full implementation of the hepatitis B vaccine for newborns, the proportion of hepatitis B infection has decreased. Hepatitis C was also very popular a few years ago. Hepatitis C is currently curable and the threat of viral hepatitis is decreasing.
Ako zabrániť opakovaniu rakoviny pečene?
1. Liečba aktívnym spevnením. Chirurgia a súvisiace liečby môžu odstrániť väčšinu nádorových tkanív, ale rakovinové bunky sa nedajú úplne odstrániť. Zvyškové rakovinové bunky majú vysokú pravdepodobnosť opakovania; konsolidačná liečba sa preto musí vykonať včas. Tradičná čínska medicína a lieky na pečeň a ochranu pečene sa môžu používať dlho.
2. Aktívne cvičte, aby ste posilnili imunitu a odolnosť voči chorobám.
3. Vyvážená strava, posilnenie výživy, zníženie príjmu tukov a zníženie vdýchnutia toxických látok.
4. Udržujte si dobrú mentalitu, zvyčajne sa naučte prispôsobovať mentalitu a emócie, dosahujte kombináciu práce a odpočinku a vyhnite sa prepracovaniu. Stres a únava môžu spôsobiť fyzickú slabosť, ktorá môže viesť k nízkej imunite a nízkej imunite, ktorá môže viesť k rakovine.
Ako sa lieči rakovina pečene a aké sú nové lieky?
Liver cancer treatment is mainly based on surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and imunoterapia.
Lieky zamerané na rakovinu pečene
| spoločný názov | Názov výrobku | Cieľ | Doba uvedenia na trh | Čína uvedená | Pôvodný výskumník | Druh liečiva |
| sorafenib | Nexavar, Dogemei | KIT, VEGFR, PDGFR | 2005 | Áno | Bavarian | Malá molekula |
| regorafenib | Stivarga | Viaceré zameranie | 2012 | žiadny | Bavarian | Malá molekula |
| Ramucirumab | Cyramza | VEGFR2 | 2014 | Áno | Eli Lilly | MAb |
| Lenvatinib | Lenvima | Viaceré zameranie | 2015 | Áno | Ezai | Malá molekula |
Kombinácia atejizumabu a bevacizumabu je lepšia ako monoterapia
Recently, the European Society of Oncology 2019 (Asian Congress) held in Singapore announced the phase III of the tumor immunotherapy Tecentriq (atezolizumab, atuzumab) combined with Avastin (bevacizumab) first-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinical study IMbrave150 (NCT03434379). Compared to sorafenib, the first-line combination of atrezumab and bevacizumab has statistically and clinically improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The risk of death was reduced by 42% in patients receiving combination therapy, and the progression-free survival rate was 41% (no progression or risk of death).
In addition, in December 2018, the US FDA approved atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) as first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic non-squamous nemalobunkový karcinóm pľúc without EGFR or ALK genome tumor aberrations. Based on data from group B of the IMpower150 study, compared with bevacizumab + chemotherapy, atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab + chemotherapy significantly prolonged patient survival (19.2 months vs 14.7 months).
Atuzumab is a PD-L1 antibody and belongs to tumor immunotherapy. The drug can bind to a protein called PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells and tumor infiltrating immune cells, blocking it from PD-1 and B7. .1 receptor interactions. By inhibiting PD-1, atuzumab can activate T cells, which has the potential to be used as a basic combination therapy for cancer immunotherapy, targeted drugs and various cancer chemotherapy.
Bevacizumab je inhibítor angiogenézy, ktorý sa zameriava na väzbu na vaskulárny endoteliálny rastový faktor (VEGF). VEGF hrá dôležitú úlohu v angiogenéze a udržiavaní životného cyklu nádoru. Avastin infikuje prívod krvi do nádorov priamym naviazaním na VEGF a bráni jeho interakcii s receptormi na vaskulárnych bunkách. Krvné zásobenie nádoru sa považuje za
kľúčom k jeho schopnosti rásť a metastázovať in vivo.
Existuje silný vedecký základ pre kombináciu atelizumabu a bevacizumabu. Kombinácia týchto dvoch liekov má potenciál posilniť imunitný systém proti nádorom. Okrem zavedeného antiangiogénneho účinku môže bevacizumab ďalej zvyšovať atezumab na obnovenie odolnosti tela inhibíciou imunosupresie súvisiacej s VEGF, podporou infiltrácie nádorov T-buniek a iniciovaním odpovedí T-buniek na nádorové antigény. Imunita proti rakovine.
