What is NK-cell therapy?
Trillions of cells replicate in a person every day. Under the influence of carcinogens (smoking, ionizing radiation, Helicobacter pylori, etc.), about 500,000 to 1 million cells can mutate during the replication process every day. Some mutant cells further become cancer cells.
Rundunonin rigakafi
After thousands of years of evolution, the human body has formed a sophisticated defense system, established a powerful immune corps, and stocked a large number of elite soldiers, always protecting us and keeping us away from cancer. Among them, the bone marrow is the headquarters of the immune system. Here, hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into immune fighters with different functions. They have their own army territory and job responsibilities.
Akwai manyan sojoji uku:
1. Babban Tuli: Lymphocyte
T lymphocytes Thymus-dependent lymphocytes, manyan lymphocytes a cikin jini da recirculation
B lymphocytes na ci gaba a cikin bursa na bursa ko gabobinsa masu haɓaka (ƙashin ƙashi), wanda zai iya bambanta zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin plasma masu samar da antibody bayan sun sami motsawa daga antigen
Kwayoyin NK, ƙwayoyin LAK basa buƙatar kashe tasirin haɓakar antigen
2. Legion Legion: Gabatarwar Antigen
Mononuclear-macrophage phagocytosis, antiginal TD na yanzu, farawa da martani na rigakafi, tasirin anti-tumo, ɓoyewa na kafofin watsa labarai na bioactive
Kwayoyin DC sune ƙungiyar ƙwayoyin halitta daban-daban tare da mafi ƙarfin aikin gabatarwar antigen kuma sune ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin antigen masu gabatarwa waɗanda zasu iya kunna ƙwayoyin T mara kyau
3. Sauran kwayoyin halittar garkuwar jiki
Neutrophils, eosinophilic / basic granulocytes da mast sel, platelets, jan jinin jini.
Menene NK Cell?
Yaki da Relay Yakin: Farkon Sanda-NK Cell
Yaƙin da ke cikin jikinmu daidai yake da yaƙin da ake nuna wa abokan gaba a fim ɗin. Kamar tseren gudu, yana buƙatar rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin rundunonin guda uku, da kyakkyawan shirin yaƙi, da haɗa kai don kawar da abokan gaba a cikin nasara.
A cikin yaki da ciwon daji, natural killer (NK) cells bear the brunt. It is the first to directly kill cancer cells when they reach the tumo micro environment while secreting secret weapon chemokines to recruit dendritic cells (CD103 + DC). Then, activated dendritic cells carry tumor antigens to the lymph nodes, presenting the characteristics of cancer cells to killer T cells. T cells then rush to the battlefield to kill cancer cells together with NK cells.
NK Cell tare da sakamako mafi ƙarfi na kisa
Kwayoyin NK
Cikakken suna: Halittar Killer Halitta
Source: An samo asali kai tsaye daga kasusuwan kasusuwa, ci gaban wanda ya dogara da yanayin maƙogwaron ƙananan ƙashi
Aiki: Kwayoyin da aka yi niyya da ƙwayoyin NK suka kashe sune galibi ƙwayoyin tumor, ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta masu girma (kamar fungi da parasites), gabobin da aka dasa su da kyallen takarda.
Cikakken sunan sel NK shine Halittar Killer na Halitta (NK), wanda shine rukuni na uku na lymphocytes a layi daya tare da ƙwayoyin T da B a cikin ƙwararrun sel. Kwayoyin NK suna da girma kuma sun ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cytoplasmic, don haka ana kiran su lymphocytes masu girma-barbashi. Yana da manyan halaye guda uku:
Na farko, shine tsarin garkuwar jikin dan adam. Tabbas soja ne a gaba. Kusan dukkanin ƙwayoyin tumo za su fara kai hari ga ƙwayoyin NK.
Abu na biyu, yana da tasirin tasirin antitumor mai fadi, baya buƙatar takamaiman ƙari-ƙari, kuma ba'a iyakance shi ta hanyar babban aikin rikitarwa na tarihi (MHC) akan yanayin kwayar halitta ba. Lokacin farawa shine mafi sauri, kuma ana buƙatar gabatar da ƙwayoyin T tare da antigens kafin su iya rarrabe tsakanin “maƙiyi da abokin gaba”.
Na uku, bayanin halin da ake ciki ya dace. Da zarar an sami “halin makiya”, sai a hanzarta “bayar da rahoto” kuma za a kunna garkuwar jiki da kuma kashe-kashe na dukkan garkuwar jiki.
Saboda haka, sakamakon kashe kansa yana da ƙarfi.
Koyaya, adadin ƙwayoyin NK a jikin mutum ba su da yawa, suna da kusan 15% na yawan ƙwayoyin lymphocytes a cikin jinin gefe, da kuma kusan 3% zuwa 4% a cikin saifa. Hakanan zasu iya bayyana a cikin huhu, hanta da mucosa na hanji, amma a cikin thymus, ƙwayoyin lymph da Chest catheter ba safai ba.
Ta yaya kwayoyin NK suke kashe ƙwayoyin kansa?
Kwayoyin NK suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a layin farko na kariya daga cutar kansa. Kwayoyin NK suna da sakamako uku na cutar kansa:
One is the direct killing of tumor cells, killing tumor cells by releasing perforin and granzyme or death receptors; the second is that it acts as a regulatory cell of the immune system by activating cytokines and chemokines, activating T cells, etc. The lethal effect.
The third is the formation of ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity). When B cells find cancer cells, they will quietly leave specific IgG antibodies on the cancer cells as a mark to remind NK cells to see this mark. NK cells see each other and kill them. With the help of macrophages and B cells, the morale of cancer-killing increased greatly.
Kwayoyin NK suna lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa
Kwayoyin NK sun wanzu a cikin jinin mutum kuma sune “masu amsawa na farko”. Yana kama da ɗan sanda wanda yake aiki a cikin jiki. Yayinda jini ke gudana, kwayoyin NK suna ci gaba da tuntuɓar wasu ƙwayoyin yayin sintiri. Da zarar an sami wani abu mara kyau a jikin Kwayoyin, nan da nan tsayayye, daidaito, ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba don jiran wani lokaci don magance shi. Suna kai hari da sakin ƙwayoyin cytotoxic wanda ke ɗauke da sinadarin sinadarin sinadarin protein da granzyme akan membrane ɗin da ake niyya kafin a ɗora ƙwayoyin T, wanda ke haifar da lalata kai na ƙwayoyin kansa. Hakanan zasu iya kawar da kwayoyin cutar kansar da ke zagayawa cikin jiki da kuma taimakawa hana kamuwa da cuta.
NK rigakafin rigakafin kwayar halitta
Kodayake suna iya karewa da sauri kai tsaye kai tsaye ga ƙwayoyin tumo, ƙwayoyin NK ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ne kawai, suna ɗaukar kashi 10% na fararen ƙwayoyin jini kawai. Kuma binciken ya gano cewa bayan shekaru 25, rigakafin mutum ya ragu kuma adadin kwayoyin NK sun zama kadan. Adadin da ayyukan ƙwayoyin NK a cikin marasa lafiya na ƙari da marasa lafiya bayan aikin tiyata sun canza zuwa wani mizani, kuma ba za su iya yin tasirin maganin kututtuka ba.
Masu bincike yanzu suna mai da hankali kan "ƙarfafa" NK cell far- tattara ƙwayoyin NK daga masu ba da gudummawa masu alaƙa da kuma shigar da su cikin marasa lafiya. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa yana da aminci, kuma ba kamar maganin ƙwayoyin T cell ba, ƙwayoyin NK ba sa haifar da cututtuka-da-baki a cikin kyallen takarda masu karɓa.
Dabarun sel na NK na duniya na yanzu don ƙari immunotherapy su ne:
1. In vitro activated autologous or allogeneic NK cell therapy;
2. Combine NK cells and monoclonal antibodies (such as immune checkpoint inhibitors) to induce antibody-specific cytotoxicity;
3. Gina CAR-NK cell immunotherapy.
Kunna masu karɓar auto auto na NK: Toshe masu karɓa na hanawa akan membranes na NK tare da ƙwayoyin cuta, ko ƙarfafa kunnawa
masu karɓa na Ting don haɓaka aikin lysis na cell
A cikin haɗuwa tare da masu hana masu hana kariya: maganin dubawa wanda aka haɗu tare da sauran maganin rigakafin NK mai shiryarwa na iya ƙaddamar da nau'o'in ciwace-ciwace da yawa waɗanda ba a yanzu suke amsa hanyoyin kwantar da su ba.
NK cells modified by chimeric antigen receptor: can significantly improve the specificity of NK cell efficacy. This idea is similar to the construction of CAR-T: CAR includes extracellular recognition domains (such as scFv) to recognize tumor-specific antigens; a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular signaling domain (CD3ζ chain) can induce NK cells activation.
Menene bambanci tsakanin kwayar NK da ƙwayar ƙwayar T?
A fannin rigakafin rigakafin cutar kansa, mutane suna mai da hankali kan tattara ƙwayoyin cuta na T. A halin yanzu, FDA ta amince da hanyoyin kwantar da ƙwayoyin CAR-T guda biyu.
Dukkanin kwayoyin T da na NK zasu iya ganewa da kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa, amma suna ci gaba ta hanyoyi daban daban.
Kwayoyin T suna buƙatar “gabatar” da wasu ɓangarorin ƙwayoyin jikinsu na izini zuwa wasu ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don gane su a matsayin ƙwayoyin ƙetare da kuma tara ƙwayoyin T a cikin tsarin kai hari.
NK cells recognize the pattern of cancer cell changes and are the first line of defense of the immune system. Unlike T cells, they directly detect and destroy infected and malignant cells without having to be activated or “trained” to respond to cancer cells. However, it is now well known that exposure to cytokines, which are components of the immune system, activates NK cells more effectively.
Ana nuna ƙwayoyin halitta masu kisa a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na kore. Kwayoyin NK na iya zama mabuɗin maganin sankara. Shudi yana nuna jijiyoyin jini. Tushen hoto: Dr. Michele Ardolino da Dr. Brian Weist
Fa'idodi na maganin kwayar NK
1. Maganin rigakafi shine hanyar magani ta hudu bayan tiyata, chemotherapy da radiotherapy. NK cell far hade da radiotherapy da chemotherapy iya yadda ya kamata cire ƙari Kwayoyin da ba za a iya cire gaba daya ta hanyar tiyata;
2. NK cell therapy hade da radiochemotherapy na iya inganta tasirin radiochemotherapy da kuma rage illolin;
3. For advanced cancer patients who are not suitable for surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, NK cell therapy is a better choice;
4. Kulawa kai-tsaye tare da kwayoyin NK bayan tiyata na iya hana sake komowa da kuma kamuwa da cutar kansa;
5. Sauke radadin ciwon daji, inganta bacci, inganta ingancin rayuwar masu haƙuri, da fadada zagayen rayuwar masu haƙuri;
6. Ga mutanen da ba su da lafiya, yin amfani da maganin NK na iya rage haɗarin ciwon daji.
NK Cell Far International Sabuntawa
Jafananci NK cell immunotherapy
In order to improve the activity and number of NK cells in the body, Japanese scientists have invented a multiplier method, which is to extract 50ml from human blood, isolate a small amount of NK cells and then expand the culture to increase the number to the original 1000 times, the number reaches 1 billion to 5 billion and is then returned to the body, a large number of NK cells will circulate 3000 to 4000 times with the blood system, killing cancer cells, aging cells, diseased cells, bacteria and viruses in the body Once again, to achieve the purpose of anti-cancer, improve immunity and prolong survival.
Amincewa da ƙwayar NK ta Amurka
(Asar Amirka ta ha) a da kwayoyin NK, a cikin gwajin rigakafin cutar kansa!
Mace da myeloid cutar sankarar bargo (AML) is dying after repeated chemotherapy failures. As a final attempt, she received an experimental cell infusion of natural killer (NK) cells donated by her son. After 4 days, the osmotic skin lesions disappeared, and soon she entered a state of relief.
Although NK cell therapy is still only in early clinical trials in the United States, clinical research is increasing.
A clinical trial led by Washington University in St. Louis showed that approximately 12 patients with AML and myelodysplastic ciwo (MDS) received NK cells. Half of the patients entered the remission period.
At present, MD Anderson at Dana Faber Cancer Institute is conducting a clinical trial, which will test the efficacy of NK cell therapy in patients with hematological tumors that relapse after stem cell transplantation. Patients who want to know the details can call + 91 96 1588 1588.
Wanene ya dace da maganin ƙwayar NK?
1. Marasa lafiya marasa lafiya kafin ayi musu tiyata, jinkirin murmurewa bayan tiyata, da kuma fargabar ƙwayoyin cuta na ɓoye ba a iya kawar dasu gaba ɗaya.
2. After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the immune system is low, the side effects are obvious (such as loss of appetite, nausea, hair loss, skin inflammation, etc.), and patients expect to increase the effect of chemoradiation.
3. Marasa lafiya da ke son yin amfani da magunguna daban-daban don samun sakamako na warkarwa saboda tsoron illolin cututtukan rediyo da kuma maganin cutar kansar.
4. Marasa lafiya tare da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu ko'ina cikin jiki, amma hanyoyin magani na yau da kullun ba su da ƙarfi, kuma marasa lafiya da ke tsammanin tsawaita rayuwa da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.
Tsarin magani na maganin kwayar NK
1. Blood collection: Extract 30–50 ml of peripheral blood of cancer patients and extract mononuclear cells;
2. Laboratory culture: In the laboratory, conduct NK cell induction and expansion for a period of 5-7 days;
3. Return: After the NK cell culture is completed, it is returned to the cancer patient like an infusion.
Maganar jiyya na NK cell far
Case Source: An authoritative NK cell therapy clinic in Japan
Ms. Zheng, 50, was diagnosed with advanced ciwon cizon sauro (pancreatic tail), transferred to the liver, lungs, and pleura, and was diagnosed with cancerous peritonitis (chest wall, multiple nodules in the lungs). . After one cycle of Gemcitabine Gatige, the effect was not satisfactory, CA19-9 rose from 257,531 to 318,417. On the advice of the doctor, the whole genome was sequenced, and the result did not have any meaningful mutations. The doctor said that she had three months to six months at most. According to expert recommendations, Ms. Zheng began to reinject highly activated NK cells at a frequency of once every two weeks.
Immediately after finishing the first return, Ms. Zheng’s most obvious feeling was that she felt full of energy. She was always weak, and the pain symptoms were alleviated. With appetite, you can eat some light food.
Ba zato ba tsammani, maganin ya yi sauƙi. Bayan jiyya ta farko, CA19-9 ya rage kai tsaye zuwa 7355. Bayan na huɗu mai saurin NK cell treatment, ya sauka zuwa 141.
At the end of 2016, the rechecked CT images showed that metastatic lesions such as liver and lung bronchial lymph nodes had disappeared. Pancreatic cancer at the primary site has also shrunk by more than half.
Kodayake ba a sami cikakken murmurewa ba, aikin jiyya yana da sauƙi. Kafin fara magani, an yi shirye-shirye mafi munin, har ma hanyar magani ba za ta iya ci gaba ba, amma a ƙarshen matakin farko na jiyya, yanayin lafiyar mara lafiyar ya inganta sosai.
