Et lægemiddel, der bruges til alkoholisme, kan behandle kræft ved at målrette makrofager
En forskergruppe ledet af Yuya Terashima fra Tokyo University fandt ud af, at et stof, der bruges mod alkoholisme, kan behandle kræft ved at målrette makrofager.
Ifølge data fra WHO og International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) var der 18.1 millioner nye tilfælde og 9.6 millioner dødsfald i 2018. En ud af 5 mænd og en ud af 6 kvinder på verdensplan udvikler kræft i løbet af deres levetid, og en ud af 8 mænd og en ud af 11 kvinder dør af sygdommen. På verdensplan anslås det samlede antal mennesker, der er i live inden for 5 år efter en kræftdiagnose, kaldet 5-års prævalens, at være 43.8 millioner.
Lungekræft er den mest almindelige form for kræft hos mænd (14.5 %) og den hyppigste dødsårsag hos mænd (22 %). Dette efterfølges af prostatacancer (13.5%) , kolorektal cancer (10.9%), & leverkræft (9.5%). Blandt kvinder, brystcancer er cirka 25 %, efterfulgt af lungekræft (13.8 %), tyktarmskræft (9.5 %) og livmoderhalskræft (6.6 %).
Opbygning af en treatment to battle malignant growth remains one of the most troublesome difficulties in medicinal research. Malignant growth owes its infamous personality to the way that the disease cells utilize the host’s own resistant framework to develop and spread, finally getting savage. Invulnerable cells like macrophages, which usually battle to ensure ordinary cells, are commandeered by dangerous disease cells, and populate the earth around the tumors, turning out to be tumor-related macrophages (TAMs).
Actually, it was discovered that the malignant tissue of patients for whom immunterapi was not fruitful was in fact rich in macrophages, affirming the connection between the disease and the TAMs. It is these TAMs that produce flagging proteins like chemokines and trigger the inhibitory resistant checkpoint discharges that make an immunosuppressive tumor condition, which ensures the malignant growth cells and permits their quickened development. Since the TAMs encourage the spreading of malignant vækstceller, managing them as a remedial methodology for battling disease has picked up consideration as of late.
A research team from the Tokyo University of Science, under the direction of Yuya Terashima saw this as an opportunity to look into the field of developing new anti-malignant growth drugs. Their original work in Nature Immunology 2005 revealed the disclosure of another objective protein called FROUNT, which is connected to the guidelines and development of the TAMs. In this way, FROUNT was directly linked to TAM rules because it increased “chemokine signaling,” a type of cell communication that is necessary for TAM gathering and movement.
At that point, so as to diminish any symptoms, the group additionally built up an autonomous technique for restricting the impact of FROUNT on chemokine motion by repressing the connection between the two. The group screened 131,200 mixes and focused on disulfiram, a medication used to treat liquor abuse, and referred to for its potential as an enemy of malignant growth tranquilizer. This medication was found to legitimately tie to the FROUNT site, making FROUNT inaccessible for collaboration with the parts of chemokine flagging.
Considering the outcomes, Terashima clarifies, “When tried on mice, disulfiram repressed the development of macrophages and stifled the development of malignant growth cells. Thus, our findings reveal a new way to treat cancer that can stop the growth of cancer cells that are hard for immune systems to detect when used together with disulfiram.
Hopefully, we will get to see new therapies in the treatment of cancer.
